Silicon Valley

Alternative juju

Unconventional remedies are ripe for journalistic inquiry, but are weeklies up to the job? Plus: The secrets of mosquitoes, Osama bin Laden's hiding place and Internet IPOs revealed!

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My theory that a well-made gin gimlet, a snort of coke, one screaming orgasm and handful of Prozac can cure any emotional or physical ailment is not too popular these days. Instead, seekers of healthier bodies, longer lives and socially acceptable dispositions are turning to echinacea, St. John’s Wort, chiropractors, fasting, biofeedback, reusable maxipads, acupuncture, yoga, green tea, Shiatsu, Feng Shui, melatonin, aroma therapy, meditation, veganism, the Zone, blue-green algae, Tai Chi, visualization, accupressure, Reflexology, Rolfing, magnet therapy, gemstone therapy and that greatest of salves, colonic irrigation. It’s an unfortunate trend that will hopefully peak soon.

In the oppressive meanwhile, there’s no question that unconventional therapies have hit the big time. My own dear mother — whom I use as a barometer for judging the consumer climate-shifts of aging, suburban boomers (thanks, Mom!) — swears by green tea and a long list of vitamins I’ve never heard of. But this doesn’t explain why three weeklies decided to publish packages on alternative treatments this week. Is it National Homeopathy Appreciation Week and somebody forgot to tell me? Did the makers of St. John’s Wort suddenly announce a large-budget advertising campaign aimed at alternative-newspaper readers?

Of course, “alternative” medicine is an obvious beat for “alternative” media outlets to cover. While the dailies and newsweeklies regurgitate press releases sent by drug companies, tout the latest study — broccoli causes cancer; cures heart disease! Viagra makes you horny, baby, but it’ll kill you! — and write the occasional gee-whiz, Fluffernutter piece on the herbalist next door, weeklies could be producing some groundbreaking reporting on a growing industry that is both helping and exploiting people without much accountability. Unfortunately, “could be” is the operative phrase in that last sentence. Most of the articles I read this week reveal a galling lack of insight, critical thought or journalistic skill.

Long Island Voice, July 1-7

“A few berries short of a smoothie” by Beth Greenfield

This article is the star of an otherwise worse-than-weak package on health-care alternatives. Supersleuth Beth Greenfield talks to employees of health food stores about their customers. “They recite tales of customers who shop with gloves on to protect them from germs, spend hours upon hours in the store as if at a lengthy cocktail party or obsessively rearrange items on the shelves like they are at home. Then there are the seekers who give gruesome accounts of their dietary afflictions to anyone who’ll listen or who wear nose-and-mouth masks to protect them from scented products.” Greenfield fails to mention that the prices as some of these health food stores are high enough to give anyone a breakdown.

Tanya Indiana’s contribution to this package, “Old soldiers of the New Age,” sadly seems to be lacking a point. It’s purportedly about elderly people who use non-mainstream remedies, but the result is a few sloppy profiles, sprinkled with some unexplored skepticism and no unifying thesis.

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Detroit Metro Times [articles and issue not dated]

Special Issue: Alternative Health

The Detroit Metro Times takes the cheerleading approach to journalism with this package that’s “meant to start you on your own journey to healing.” Alternative treatments are simply assumed to be the way to go, and no effort is made to bring a balanced perspective to the table (unless you count self-declared skeptic Audrey Becker’s recommendation that if you just try a few unproven therapies, you’ll find one that works for you). Gretchen Van-Monette’s article on “Hemp for health” quotes someone who sells hemp seed oil, the president of Hempola (another producer of hemp oil), a naturopathic doctor and one academic from Detroit’s Wayne State University. This isn’t journalism, it’s boosterism. If I need to find the nearest algae enema provider, I’ll check the Yellow Pages, thank you much.

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Village Voice, June 30-July 6

“Mind Body Spirit Summer 1999″

The Village Voice promises the “essentials for a healthy summer,” but the online version of its package is as skimpy as a g-string. (My sources in New York apparently don’t read the Voice, so I couldn’t confirm this theory.) That said, the two and a half articles posted on the Voice’s Web site did leave me wanting more. Debra Desalvo’s “Is yoga therapy an oxymoron?” deftly reports on the complicated and fascinating problem of yoga instructors using stretches and poses to access student’s encoded memories of trauma, which the teachers are then not equipped to deal with. “Growth spurt” by Christopher Reardon about a gym for tots was less interesting — more about how yuppies spend money than health — but well-written none-the-less.

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Minneapolis/St. Paul City Pages, June 30-July 6

“Of Bugs and Men” by Katy Reckdahl

Sitting on my desk at this very moment is my new favorite torture instrument, the “Magic Racket” or “Dengue Fever Bat.” This brilliant invention, smuggled in from Taiwan by an acquaintance, is shaped like a tennis racket and has one purpose in life: electrocute bugs. Depress a small button on the handle, and the waffle grid heats up. Swat a fly with it, and the fly bursts into flames; sometimes it explodes. I can’t tell you how much joy this electric swatter from bug hell has brought me thus far. Doubtless, mosquito season will provide many future hours of fiery bliss to yours truly. And thanks to reporter Katy Rechdahl, I have a little more information about those evil, blood-sucking, monsters who are going to meet their god this summer.

Rechdahl’s descriptive and densely reported piece looks at mosquitoes, the people who kill them, the entomologists who study them, the epidemiologists who study the diseases they carry, the environmentalists who fight to protect them (more specifically, fight the pesticides used to eradicate their numbers). Minnesota has one of the largest mosquito populations in the world, so there’s plenty of material to dissect here. Indeed, the most interesting characters in this piece are the mosquitoes themselves. These bugs use “six moving mouth parts that scissor and saw their way into the skin. One blood meal is about a drop, and, contrary to conventional wisdom, the mosquitoes don’t eat it,” explains Rechdahl. “That infernal buzzing? It’s a mating song.” Mosquito sex tends to occur on or near poo. “Their saliva — which is what makes you itch — deadens your skin, making it less likely that they’ll be slapped.” Bastards! They will die!

“Minnesota’s most wanted” by CP Staff

The capture of Twin Cities soccer mom Sara Jane Olson (aka Kathleen Ann Soliah) following a segment on “America’s Most Wanted” has inspired a record number of Minnesotans to report other fugitives. The City Pages provides readers with an amusing, annotated list of some the suspected residents, which includes Osama bin Laden. What I’m wondering is what percentage of them voted for Jesse Ventura.

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San Francisco Bay Guardian, June 30-July 6

“Damage control.com” by Po Bronson

Even though I am vaguely annoyed every time Po Bronson is featured on the cover of a magazine, and even though I’m far more interested in reading everything written by F. Scott Fitzgerald than anything written by Bronson, I have enjoyed the articles by him that I’ve read. This little number is no exception. Bronson counters the rags-to-riches mythology of Internet IPO success stories with some basic principles based on his years of reporting on and writing about the area. I myself just witnessed the process firsthand, though I’m not allowed to talk about it. I can vouch for the accuracy of many of Bronson’s observations and recommend them to those of you who are interested in following this sort of thing seriously. The Guardian’s typically clueless presentation of his article — Po Bronson airs dirty laundry! — however, inadvertently helps prove one of his points: that most people don’t really understand what’s going on there.

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Willamette Week, June 30-July 6

“Dwarf vs. Dwarf” by Chris Lydgate

Portland is going to be a surreal place next week. One thousand dwarfs will be descending on the city for the annual national Little People of America conference. Chris Lydgate reports on the ongoing controversy within the dwarf community over whether dwarfs who use their small stature to entertain — for example, Verne Troyer, who played Mini-Me in “Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me” — are harming the efforts of dwarfs seeking to be taken seriously on the job and in life. Particularly impressive is that Lydgate makes it through his piece without cracking one short joke. Trust me. I’m refraining from spewing a rancid heap of puns right now and it’s torture.

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S.F. Weekly, June 30-July 6

“Science of the Lambs” by Lisa Davis

Scientists at Geron Corp., a biotechnology company in Menlo Park, Calif., recently purchased the technology used to clone Dolly the sheep. They’ve also “produced body cells that don’t age. They’ve refined the ability to transplant DNA. They’re working on cloning embryos. They’re learning how to grow custom tissue and organs for transplants,” reports Lisa Davis in the fascinating article that not only looks at what this company has accomplished but the controversy surrounding it and the current social and political climate for such endeavors. Davis, who admits to not having much background in this stuff, lays it all out nicely in understandable terms and, thankfully, doesn’t try to theorize too much about facts she’s barely processed herself. Journalists writing about alternative treatments could learn a thing or two here.

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Seattle Weekly, July 1-7

“Internet Appleiance” by Frank Catalano

Last December, I kissed my piece-of-crap Powerbook goodbye and bought a PC. It’s the first non-Apple I’ve owned. Although I couldn’t be happier with my choice, I sympathize greatly with Frank Catalano, who writes somewhat painfully about his recent switch from Mac to PC. It’s tough to abandon a struggling cause after so many years of loyalty, but Catalano makes a good point: Even with the success of the iMac, Apple still doesn’t have much in the way of software, gadgets and so on to offer customers.

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New Times Los Angeles, July 1-7

“Return of the Swami” by Ron Russell

This fun piece deals with the ugly, civic battle taking place over the Self-Realization Fellowship’s efforts to reentomb its rotting leader, Paramahansa Yogananda, in a shrine atop Mount Washington, a stone’s throw from downtown Los Angeles. Religious wackos vs. city lawyers? This is the stuff of good, long-weekend reading.

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And now, a few supplements to your healthy diet of reading on alternative medicine and treatments:

Vicious Vegan The brilliant jokesters at Brunching Shuttlecocks bring us a list of entrees for people who refuse animal products, but crave the taste of murdered critter.

Pills-a-go-go A whole zine devoted to pills and pill culture.

“Ruptured Warriors” A first person account of a torn achilles tendon. Ow.

Christian Sex Nerve’s special section on copulation and being born again.

Fat? So! A celebration of the big, the round and the Botticelli beautiful among us.

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Jenn Shreve writes about media, technology and culture for Salon, Wired, the Industry Standard, the San Francisco Examiner and elsewhere. She lives in Oakland, Calif.

IBM’s Watson wins practice round of “Jeopardy!”

Computer, which tech giant calls "profound advance" in artificial intelligence, beats two former game show champs

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IBM's Watson wins practice round of "Jeopardy!" champions Ken Jennings, left, and Brad Rutter, right, look on as an IBM computer called "Watson" beats them to the buzzer to answer a question during a practice round of the "Jeopardy!" quiz show in Yorktown Heights, N.Y., Thursday, Jan. 13, 2011. It's the size of 10 refrigerators, and it swallows encyclopedias whole, but an IBM computer was lacking one thing it needed to battle the greatest champions from the "Jeopardy!" quiz TV show - it couldn't hit a buzzer. But that's been fixed, and on Thursday the hardware and software system named Watson played a competitive practice round against two champions. A "Jeopardy!" show featuring the computer will air in mid-February, 2011. (AP Photo/Seth Wenig)(Credit: AP)

The clue: It’s the size of 10 refrigerators, has access to the equivalent of 200 million pages of information and knows how to answer in the form of a question.

The correct response: “What is the computer IBM developed to become a ‘Jeopardy!’ whiz?”

Watson, which IBM claims as a profound advance in artificial intelligence, edged out game-show champions Ken Jennings and Brad Rutter on Thursday in its first public test, a short practice round ahead of a million-dollar tournament that will be televised next month.

Later, the human contestants made jokes about the “Terminator” movies and robots from the future. Indeed, four questions into the round you had to wonder if the rise of the machines was already upon us — in a trivial sense at least.

Watson tore through a category about female archaeologists, repeatedly activating a mechanical button before either Ken Jennings or Brad Rutter could buzz in, then nailing the questions: “What is Jericho?” “What is Crete?”

Its gentle male voice even scored a laugh when it said, “Let’s finish ‘Chicks Dig Me.’”

Jennings, who won a record 74 consecutive “Jeopardy!” games in 2004-05, then salvaged the category, winning $1,000 by identifying the prehistoric human skeleton Dorothy Garrod found in Israel: “What is Neanderthal?”

He and Rutter, who won a record of nearly $3.3 million in prize money, had more success on questions about children’s books and the initials “M.C.,” though Watson knew about “Harold and the Purple Crayon” and that it was Maurice Chevalier who sang “Thank Heaven for Little Girls” in the film “Gigi.” The computer pulled in $4,400 in the practice round, compared with $3,400 for Jennings and $1,200 for Rutter.

Watson is powered by 10 racks of IBM servers running the Linux operating system. It’s not connected to the Internet but has digested encyclopedias, dictionaries, books, news, movie scripts and more.

The system is the result of four years of work by IBM researchers around the globe, and although it was designed to compete on “Jeopardy!” the technology has applications well beyond the game, said John Kelly III, IBM director of research. He said the technology could help doctors sift through massive amounts of information to draw conclusions for patient care, and could aid professionals in a wide array of other fields.

“What Watson does and has demonstrated is the ability to advance the field of artificial intelligence by miles,” he said.

Watson, named for IBM founder Thomas J. Watson, is reminiscent of IBM’s famous Deep Blue computer, which defeated chess champion Garry Kasparov in 1997. But while chess is well-defined and mathematical, “Jeopardy!” presents a more open-ended challenge involving troves of information and complexities of human language that would confound a normal computer.

“Language is ambiguous; it’s contextual; it’s implicit,” said IBM scientist David Ferrucci, a leader of the Watson team. Sorting out the context — especially in a game show filled with hints and jokes — is an enormous job for the computer, which also must analyze how certain it is of an answer and whether it should risk a guess, he said.

The massive computer was not behind its podium between Jennings and Rutter; instead it was represented by an IBM Smart Planet icon on an LCD screen.

The practice round was played on a stage at an IBM research center in Yorktown Heights, 38 miles north of Manhattan and across the country from the game show’s home in Culver City, Calif. A real contest among the three, to be televised Feb. 14-16, will be played at IBM on Friday.

The winner of the televised match will be awarded $1 million. Second place gets $300,000, third place $200,000. IBM, which has headquarters in Armonk, said it would give its winnings to charity while Jennings and Rutter said they would give away half theirs.

In a question-and-answer session with reporters after the practice round, Rutter and Jennings made joking reference to the jump in technology Watson represents.

“When Watson’s progeny comes back to kill me from the future,” Rutter said, “I have my escape route planned just in case.”

Jennings said someone suggested his challenge was like the legend of John Henry, the 19th-century laborer who beat a steam drill in a contest but died in the effort. Jennings prefers a comparison to “Terminator,” where the hero was a little more resilient.

“I had a friend tell me, ‘Remember John Henry, the steel-drivin’ man.’ And I was like … ‘Remember John Connor!’” Jennings said. “We’re gonna take this guy out!”

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Associated Press writer Leon Drouin-Keith in New York City contributed to this report.

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Goldman Sachs’ Facebook ploy

The investment bank buys, big, into the social network -- and expands a shadow stock market

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The “great vampire squid” of finance, Goldman Sachs, has invested $450 million in the emerging great vampire squid of cyberspace, Facebook. As the New York Times’ DealBook reported, the deal is gives Goldman a leg up on the huge fees investment banks will get when the social-networking company eventually sells shares to the public. And as the Times and Wall Street Journal also report, Goldman will also haul in huge fees from those clients who want to invest themselves.

Meanwhile, Facebook gets the capital to keep buying talent and startups, and to fuel its expansion in all kinds of other ways — and it gets to sell stock in what amounts to a shadow stock market that’s growing faster than regulators seem willing or able to understand, much less deal with.

This looks like a better deal for Facebook than its investor, putting Facebook’s value at $50 billion, which makes sense in today’s increasingly bubble-like market. Silicon Valley is going a bit wild again– not as crazy as the late 1990s, mind you, but there’s a froth element to the local economy.

An interesting question now is whether Facebook will do a a real public offering anytime soon. Federal rules require significant data disclosures when a company has 500 or more shareholders, and surely Facebook is at that point or nearing it. The Goldman deal may be an end-run around the rule, with Goldman not selling Facebook shares to its clients, but rather selling shares in something it (Goldman) owns. If this is the game, and if the SEC lets it happen, the 500-shareholder rule has become meaningless — and markets are all the more opaque at a time when transparency is more needed than ever.

Opacity is a growing issue. A thriving shadow marketplace has emerged for big startups that haven’t done IPOs, so big that the Securities and Exchange Commission is, at least in that space, looking into the wheeling and dealing. For good reason: Many if not most of the investors in these markets have no idea what the true financial picture may be of the shares they’re buying.

Facebook seems like a no-brainer right now. It reportedly has passed Google as the most visited website, and it’s growing in power and people. And Goldman, for all its sleazy ways, has smart people making investment decisions.

But Goldman was also a big investor in the financial bubble that nearly toppled the global economy. It escaped ruin only because we, the taxpayers (actually our children and grandchildren) rescued it and the rest of the banking industry. That was and remains Goldman’s real genius: making giant bets with other people’s money.

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A longtime participant in the tech and media worlds, Dan Gillmor is director of the Knight Center for Digital Media Entrepreneurship at Arizona State University's Walter Cronkite School of Journalism & Mass Communication. Follow Dan on Twitter: @dangillmor. More about Dan here.

Another big Web company erodes user trust

Yahoo says it'll sell bookmarking service, a reminder that we exist online at other people's whims

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Another big Web company erodes user trust

UPDATED

(Please see the note at the bottom of this piece.)

Yahoo says it will try to sell its Web bookmarking service, Delicious. This news, posted on the Delicious blog, comes a day after widespread reports — unchallenged until now by Yahoo — that the company was shuttering the service.

One result of the earlier reports was a frenzied search for a new social bookmarking service to replace what many people, including me, have used over the years to stockpile and organize links to online material we’ve found interesting. A second result was a further hit to Yahoo’s declining reputation.

But the most important result may ultimately be what this move, among others. does for public understanding of the role of Internet service providers of all kinds. As Amazon.com’s recent takedown of the Wikileaks site it was hosting demonstrates, we are at the whims of the companies that provide the services, and they are increasingly demonstrating that we should be highly skeptical about their commitment to our data’s longevity.

We put our data — our websites, photos, bookmarks, email and more — on their sites. But they can, and do, change their terms of service at will, doing what they please with what we’ve put on their servers. And sometimes they just shut down the services they’ve been providing. They may do it for good reasons, or absurd ones. It doesn’t matter. The point is, they can.

As noted here some months ago, we all need a Plan B for just about everything we do online these days. If we give others a choke point over our communications, we are inviting them to throttle us.

Note: The original version of this piece said Yahoo was closing Delicious. That was based on a variety of credible — and, as noted, unrefuted — news stories that started appearing more than 24 hours ago. They were based, initially, on a Twitter posting that linked to a screenshot taken at an internal Yahoo meeting. The screenshot, which has now been taken down, had Delicious among a group of Yahoo services that were being “sunsetted,” which is corporatese for end of life.

Whatever Yahoo’s intentions with Delicious, my points here stand. Even if the service is sold, a new owner might radically change the terms of service (as Yahoo itself could do at any time). The users’ insecurity remains, whatever the ownership may be.

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A longtime participant in the tech and media worlds, Dan Gillmor is director of the Knight Center for Digital Media Entrepreneurship at Arizona State University's Walter Cronkite School of Journalism & Mass Communication. Follow Dan on Twitter: @dangillmor. More about Dan here.

Netflix’s streaming push: Charging more for less

The DVD-rental company moves hard onto the Net, and raises prices for early customers despite slimmer inventory

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Netflix's streaming push: Charging more for less

I just downgraded my Netflix account, and will be sending the company $7 less each month than I’ve been sending for several years now. Why? Because Netflix is moving fast to live up to its name — to become an online video-streaming operation instead of the DVD-rental outfit it’s been — but in the process it’s raising prices while making its service worse, in key ways, for longtime customers.

These changes appear to make plenty of sense for Netflix, because the company will avoid the cost of buying and then mailing the millions of DVDs customers like me have been receiving. And, indeed, on Monday Netflix announced it was going to offer customers an all-online streaming plan for $8 a month.

I suspect there’s been a misstep, however, if I’m any example of the Netflix customer base. I’d been paying $17 per month for a plan that allowed us to have three DVDs out at a time, plus being able to view streaming content anytime. But Neflix has raised our rate by $3 a month, or about 18 percent.

There are way too many problems with the streaming-only plan to even consider it at this point. At the top of the list is the fact that the Netflix catalog of DVDs is vastly, vastly greater than what you can watch online. If the company really wants to be a streaming-only outfit, it needs to persuade the robber barons of Hollywood to digitize everything sooner rather than later.

And while the quality of the streaming is generally OK if you have a fast enough broadband connection — though it doesn’t look as good on my computer as a DVD — network congestion (in my experience) can cause the video to degrade in quality or, in some circumstances, pause altogether. I tried it on a hotel Wi-Fi recently, and finally gave up as the film kept stopping while the stream caught up.

So when the e-mail arrived announcing the price hike, my reaction was: Sorry, no sale. We’ve moved to a lower-cost plan that allows one DVD out at a time, for $10 (also more expensive than that plan used to be), plus streaming. The various plans Netflix offers now range up to $56 a month, and slightly more if you’re renting Blu-ray discs.

Netflix has leveraged the broadband Internet structure like no other company. It now accounts for a significant amount of evening data traffic, by all accounts. I’m guessing that heavy Netflix users are going to pay for the money they save in other ways when they start running into data caps that some carriers have put on their basic Internet service.

Wall Street was thrilled with the latest Netflix maneuver, pushing the stock price way up on Monday (though it eased off slightly this morning). The share price has roughly quadrupled in the past year — evidence of investors’ love for the company, an infatuation I believe has been mostly justified.

But I’m convinced that this move by Netflix is too little, too soon. And I’m betting I’m not the only one who feels that way.

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A longtime participant in the tech and media worlds, Dan Gillmor is director of the Knight Center for Digital Media Entrepreneurship at Arizona State University's Walter Cronkite School of Journalism & Mass Communication. Follow Dan on Twitter: @dangillmor. More about Dan here.

Google gives Gmail users more control over inboxes

Now users can choose chronological stacking over threaded messages

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Google Inc. is addressing one of the biggest complaints about its free e-mail service by giving people more control over how their inboxes are organized.

The new option announced Wednesday will allow Gmail users to choose whether they prefer their incoming messages stacked in chronological order, instead of having them threaded together as part of the same electronic conversation.

Gmail has been automatically grouping messages by topic or senders since Google rolled out the service six years ago.

But this so-called “conversation view” confused or frustrated many Gmail users who had grown accustomed to seeing all their newest messages at the top of the inbox followed by the older correspondence. After all, that’s how most other e-mail programs work.

The complaints grew loud enough to persuade Google to revise the Gmail settings so users can turn off conversation view and unravel their messages.

“We really hoped everyone would learn to love conversation view, but we came to realize that it’s just not right for some people,” Google software engineer Doug Chen wrote in a Wednesday blog post.

The aversion to conversation view doesn’t seem to be widespread. Gmail ended July with nearly 186 million worldwide users, a 22 percent increase from the same time a year ago, according to the research firm comScore Inc. Both Microsoft’s Windows Live Hotmail (nearly 346 million users) and Yahoo’s e-mail (303 million users) are larger, but aren’t growing nearly as rapidly as Gmail.

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