Oprah Winfrey

Silence the snobs!

They may look down their noses at Oprah, but what have the literati done for books lately?

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I don’t need Oprah Winfrey to tell me what to read. I’m a literate, library-card-carrying adult who has spent a lifetime developing a sharp sense of personal preference. But I’m not so arrogant as to believe that something that’s of no particular use to me is of no particular use, period. Quite the contrary.

Although I’ve never shopped for novels that bear the Oprah imprimatur, I don’t particularly care if my local book shop is out of “Mother of Pearl,” and I couldn’t pick Bernhard Schlink out of a lineup, I think target="new" href="http://www.oprah.com/bookclub/archives/book-selection.html">Ms. Winfrey’s book club kicks ass. I may not get my reading list from it, but I’ve nevertheless learned something from its success — what an astonishing difference one person can make, and what elitist twits people who pride themselves on their erudition can be.

It’s been such a long time for some of us that it’s easy to forget how it felt when reading initially enthralled us, when it clicked in our minds that books were a portal to realms that stretched far beyond the reach of parents and school and the old neighborhood. Whether that moment came by way of Tom Sawyer or Jo March or Nancy Drew, we became alive to the power of words and imagination, and nothing would ever be the same again.

We’re the lucky ones, and we’re a distinct minority. Despite the proliferation of superstores and the reading groups that have sprung up like Starbucks in the last few years, we are still not an especially book-loving nation. Approximately 40 million American adults can barely read or write. Libraries are languishing. And the guy next to you on the subway or in the carpool lane probably hasn’t picked up a novel since he snoozed his way through “The Scarlet Letter” in 12th grade.

Given how far we still have to come in terms of collective literacy, you’d think that Oprah Winfrey’s status as a champion of the written word would be assured, that her recognition at the National Book Awards this year would be a cause for cheering. For three years now, she has been using her fame, her reach and her ratings to promote the noble habit of regular, thoughtful reading. Her on-air book club has catapulted respected authors like Toni Morrison and Kaye Gibbons into blockbuster bestsellerdom. It has launched new writers like Edwidge Danticat and given them a mind-bogglingly huge audience. And it’s enthusiastically encouraged millions of viewers to experience, perhaps for the first time in their lives, the thrill of releasing the bookworm within. What’s so bad about that?

Oprah’s critics see things differently. They’re troubled by the dominance she has over the publishing industry — her monthly selections inevitably set off the kind of buying frenzies that leave blank spaces on bookstore shelves and send publishers into reprint panic. They bemoan the fact that authors of merit struggle to find an audience while Oprah-approved ones gain seemingly effortless public acclaim. Worst of all, they grouse, she turns her viewers into sheep, imposing the tastes of an overpaid TV star on helpless consumers.

Oh, please. As if the rest of us magically decided on our own to pick up Kipling or, later, Sartre. As if we live our lives in a pure and holy bubble free of reference and recommendation. Readers aren’t born, they’re made — made when someone takes the time to nurture curiosity and offer helpful suggestions along the way. And a novice bibliophile could do a hell of a lot worse than listening to what Oprah likes: Alice Hoffman, Wally Lamb, Janet Fitch, and the list goes on.

I used to feel pretty ambivalent about Oprah’s reading group, until the backlash kicked in. Underneath the hand-wringing about manipulating the bestseller list and mass mind control, there seemed something else at play — a spiteful irritation that someone who wasn’t the editor of a literary review or a fixture on C-Span’s “Booknotes” could have such awesome reach as a taste-maker, and that an audience could be pliant enough to trust her. What a narrow, snotty attitude.

That Oprah has the kind of influence she does says less about the ignorance of her audience than it does about its profound hunger. Did anyone in the notoriously complacent, self-congratulatory publishing industry ever seriously try, pre-Oprah, to market literary fiction to the same audience that watches daytime TV? Or had they given up on it as a vast wasteland of yokels who couldn’t get beyond anything that didn’t have Fabio on the cover? What single author, editor or critic has attempted, with a fraction of Oprah’s ambition, a campaign to get quality books into the hands of adults? Oprah, the microphone-wielding, diet-obsessed chat show personality triumphed where so many others disappointed because she was the one who never underestimated the public or its capacity for discovery.

More threatening to her critics still, Oprah has made the world of books and ideas less intimidating. Until just a few decades ago, literary success and merit were not mutually exclusive goals, and heavyweights like Steinbeck and Hemingway could enjoy a mass appeal. But somewhere along the way a schism grew, and the world divided into sophisticated quoters of Pynchon and glazed slaves to “The Price is Right.”

Oprah changed all that. She shocks those who prefer literature to be the province of genteel, understated tea-drinkers. So what if she brings a show-biz glitz to a traditionally dusty province, or if she’s found a cozily social hook to an otherwise solitary pursuit? Good for her. She makes this stuff look fun. Smartly choosing books that are challenging but not cryptic, easy to relate to but diverse, she pushes her audience to become not just readers but thinkers and talkers. She makes it harder for the rest of us to feel quite so smug in our ivory towers, and she offers proof of the victory of encouragement and opportunity. What a satisfyingly populist blow to those with a lot invested in the notion of us and them. If the unwashed masses are able to appreciate Ursula Hegi, too, then maybe a few people need to rethink their own imagined innate cleverness.

It seems a revealing irony that so many of the most contemptuous critics of Oprah and her audience posit themselves as “real” readers, successful products of a liberal education. They’re the intellectual equivalent of those fundamentalist Christians who bang the intolerance drum the loudest. They wear their learning like armor, a thing that keeps the riff-raff out rather than inviting the world in. They’ve lost touch with the infectious joy of reading, the humanity and universality of it. What a waste to hoard literature like misers, when, as Oprah proves, it’s so powerful when it’s shared.

In the rush to condemn Oprah for her hold over the publishing industry and the reading public, for her perceived and imagined egotism as a leader, her detractors have neglected not just the talented authors whose livelihoods have been enriched by the book club, but the scores of television viewers who never knew that they could also be passionate readers. It’s the people who can now walk into a bookstore or library and not feel overwhelmed, who can choose to turn pages when they might otherwise surf channels, that Oprah started her club for, and it is they who know best how to judge her merits. But if some of them can now say that they don’t need Oprah to tell them what to read, she deserves whatever accolades the book world can heap on her. Because she’s accomplished something pretty great indeed.

Mary Elizabeth Williams

Mary Elizabeth Williams is a staff writer for Salon and the author of "Gimme Shelter: My Three Years Searching for the American Dream." Follow her on Twitter: @embeedub.

NBC comedy stars keep themselves relevant after finales

Alec Baldwin and John Krasinski shill baseball hats in viral ads, "Community" character gives Emmy picks, and more

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NBC comedy stars keep themselves relevant after finalesYankees vs. Red Sox, Baldwin vs. Krasinski, or "30 Rock" vs. "The Office": who is your favorite?

What do the stars of NBC’s Thursday night comedy lineup do during their summer vacation? Keep themselves fresh, of course. Sometimes it’s a little hard to tell if these guys can separate themselves from their characters, but who’s complaining if there’s a real Ron Swanson or Jack Donaghy walking around?

“30 Rock’s” Alec Baldwin and “The Office’s” John Krasinski have figured out what they’re doing with their off-season, and that’s punching each other in the face about baseball. No, seriously. In this series for New Era Caps, Baldwin goes head to head with Jim Halpert over their Red Sox/Yankees rivalry. So far there have been three spots, and if you play them in succession it’s kind of like watching a crossover episode between the two shows.

Meanwhile, Amy Poehler isn’t the only cast member of “Parks and Recreation” keeping herself in the spotlight. While the comedian is off giving speeches at Harvard, her costar Nick Offerman (who plays her boss and meat-lover Ron Swanson) has been wooing Oprah to come play his first ex-wife next season.  As he told the Huffington Post:

“I think Oprah would be the only, she’s the only person we can think of that might be intimidating to Megan Mullally. It would be so good.”

He then added, “I can assure you if it’s not Oprah, I will quit.”

And while that’s doubtful, Oprah should actually consider it. She did cameo on “30 Rock,” so it’s only fair.

Rounding out the news cycle is Danny Pudi, who plays Abed on “Community.” Anyone who still thinks that show isn’t being taken seriously should check out Variety right now, where “Abed” has been given a column in-character for Emmy season. He’s predicting who will win the awards based solely on his extensive knowledge of television and film (despite never having seen the shows in question), as well as his more savant-like tendencies:

I sort the last four into two groups: a) shows that have won an Emmy, so it seems like they’ll win again, and b) shows that haven’t won yet, so it seems like their turn. Sorting every winner since “I Love Lucy” in 1953:

 B A B B A B A B B AA B B AB B A A B B AA A B A A B B A B B A B AB                              A A B B A A A A B B B B B B A B B A A B

The “ABBA” pattern emerges soon and repeats often, as people’s urge to shake up a system always results in systemic shaking. I totally get it: I once missed a week of school by trying not to touch my chin 7,000 times. The stretches of non-ABBA you see are “cable scares,” like when we just kept giving Emmys to “Frasier” until “Larry Sanders” went away. Think of TV as Rain Man getting through HBO’s smoke alarm by chanting “I like the guy from Cheers.”

The whole article is amazing, and by far my favorite post-finale offering from an NBC comedy actor. Then again, I’m a little biased.

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Drew Grant is a staff writer for Salon. Follow her on Twitter at @videodrew.

Pop Torn: 10 pieces of culture we’re feeling iffy about

From "True Blood" to Mark Zuckerberg killing a goat to a purse made out of jerky, this week is all about meat

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Pop Torn: 10 pieces of culture we're feeling iffy about

Memorial Day weekend, you guys! I know that I will be happy to wear all my white clothing again, because nothing says “I’ve been to a summer barbeque” like visible condiment sauce all over my clothing.

And with this warm weather comes tons of pop culture news stories that are just to the right of funky. We’ve rounded up some of the stranger stuff that we missed this week, and leave it up to you to decide if maybe being raptured wasn’t such a bad idea.

1. People who think the Onion’s headlines are real: Oh, it happens. And now it’s a Tumblr. (Expect a book deal in the near future.)

2. Abed from “Community” shows up on “Cougar Town”:

Easter egg for the super fans and the people who love Subway.

3. OWN picks up new series, “Don’t Tell the Bride“: Groom and future wife are separated for a month before the wedding; he has to make all the decisions about planning the event. Hope she likes nachos and a boob-shaped cake.

4. Student makes Chanel bag out of beef jerky:

(Photo by Nancy Wu)

Oh what? It’s all cowhide, no matter which way you look at it. Calm down and take a bite.

5. Museum-going men are happier than their counterparts: That 2 percent of the male population must be having a blast.

6. This mommy kitten is hugging her baby kitten:

Yes, dear, it’s very, very cute. Please let me go back to bed now, I have work in the morning. Well, if it’s so great, take a video of it! I’ll watch it later.

7. “Pop-Up Video” is coming back to VH1: Though now it’s just called “tweeting during music videos.”

8. “Jersey Shore’s” Ronnie and the Situation get into a fistfight in Florence: Really, guys? Really? Italy was ready to boot you out before you even showed up, and this is how you show your good behavior?

9. Mark Zuckerberg, woodsman: The Facebook CEO will only eat food he kills himself. His private message to friends on FB just read: “I just killed a pig and a goat.” And not on FarmVille.

10. “True Blood’s” fourth season trailer:Oh great, now I have to deal with witches?

Our thoughts exactly.

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Drew Grant is a staff writer for Salon. Follow her on Twitter at @videodrew.

Conan’s Oprah fan taxonomy

O'Brien's guide to Oprah's audience rounds up familiar types, from "The Weeper" to "The Man Who Rocks and Claps"

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Conan's Oprah fan taxonomy

Last night, Conan O’Brien celebrated Oprah Winfrey’s final show by honoring “the people who made the The Oprah Show truly special” over the years: her audience members. His team compiled a jokey Oprah-fan classification, encompassing all sorts — from “The Jumping Clapper” and “The Face Fanner” to “The Extremely Alarmed Grandma” and “The Man Who Rocks and Claps.”

 

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Emma Mustich is a Salon contributor. Follow her on Twitter: @emustich.

Oprah’s warm, funny, self-aggrandizing goodbye

Winfrey ends her show with a 42-minute monologue that encapsulates her many baffling contradictions

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Oprah's warm, funny, self-aggrandizing goodbye

Oprah Winfrey’s final show summed up everything she’s been about for a quarter century. It was funny, warm, sweet and informative, and felt easygoing even though it was clearly written and rehearsed within a millimeter of its life. The episode had sharing and oversharing, confessions and anecdotes, photographs of Oprah in unfortunate clothes and hairstyles, and callbacks to shows and guests that made a big impression on the host during her journey toward self-knowledge — which, she assured us, was what her boundary-breaking, influential, astoundingly popular stint on daytime was truly about, anyway.

No, wait, scratch that. Her show wasn’t truly about Oprah at all. It was about you. All of you. But especially you, the individual sitting there watching her “every day,” as she said.

She had a message for you, the individual. Several messages, actually — and they were all intertwined: Take responsibility for your life. Be honest with yourself and others. Be responsible for the energy you put out in the world, because that energy comes back around eventually. Also: There is a God, or a life force, and you should get to know him/her/it, because he/she/it can improve your judgment and guide your life.

There was a clip reel of people admitting things on TV that they had never told close friends and family members. They said they were alcoholics or drug addicts, that they had HIV, that they had endured or inflicted spousal abuse. The confessions had a snowball effect and became collectively cathartic, Oprah said: “Little by little, we started to release the shame.”

One of the clips was of Oprah herself circa 1986, revealing that she herself had been sexually abused as a child. Another clip referenced the recent broadcast in which actor-director Tyler Perry said he’d been sexually abused as a child, then led an audience of 200 fellow sexual abuse survivors, all men, while they stood together holding pictures of themselves as kids.

Long sections of Oprah’s final syndicated broadcast, which amounted to a 42-minute monologue interspersed with video clips, suggested a church service, though precisely what kind varied from moment to moment.

Sometimes it felt like Sunday school for kids. Other times it felt like a sermon, or the opening remarks of a self-help group leader opening a meeting in a church basement.  “Don’t wait for anybody else to fix you, to save you or complete you,” she said. “‘Jerry Maguire’ was just a movie. [But] no one completes you. We have seen that with guest after guest. When you accept that you are responsible for your life, you…get….free.”

Still other times the broadcast evoked the famous sequence in “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer” where Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn, presumed dead, attend their own funeral service and hear themselves eulogized. But here was Oprah doing the eulogizing. In an especially unfortunate moment, she suggested that God was responsible for the meeting of her father’s sperm and her mother’s egg. That may very well be true, but if so, it’s true for every other human being as well — and when you put it in the words that Oprah chose, it can’t help but sound oddly messianic.

Oprah’s last words before exiting stage left were, “to God be the glory.”

She talked about how, deep down, she really wanted to be a teacher, and near the end of the broadcast, she introduced her very first mentor, her fourth grade teacher Mrs. Mary Alice Duncan, who was sitting there in the audience, tearing up and grinning.

She said that her guests taught her that there was “no need to feel superior to anybody” because “there is a common thread that runs through all of our pain and all of our suffering, and that is unworthiness, not feeling worthy enough to own the life that you were created for…Your being here, your being alive, makes worthiness your birthright. You alone are enough.”

She said that within each person, no matter what his or her race, creed, color or life experience, is a little voice that asks, “Do you see me? Do you hear me? Does what I say mean anything to you?” That voice, Oprah said, was what she hoped to answer, encourage and embrace over the course of 25 years and 4,561 shows.

It would have been nice if, at some point during the telecast, even a single audience member had been permitted to utter one syllable. There was no dialogue, only monologue interspersed by cheers, laughter and applause. The key to Oprah’s success, she assured us, is that she knows that deep down, everyone wants to be heard. But in this last broadcast, nobody else got a word in edgewise.

It was a final summation in a career which, judged in terms of social good and emotional healing, required no defense. Oprah is a force for good, period. She may inspire love, loathing, bafflement, amusement, irritation, you name it, but there is no possible way to evalute the sum total of her career on TV without concluding that the world is a somewhat better place because she was in it. And yet here she was making a case for herself, Oprah Winfrey for the defense, as if she wasn’t worthy of all this attention and acclaim. As if she didn’t get her own memo. It was poignant in ways she herself probably didn’t intend.

She left her stage, her classroom, her pulpit, unfinished. A work in progress.

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Celebrities flock to Oprah’s penultimate show

From Jamie Foxx to Maria Shriver, the stars turn out to celebrate and honor daytime's favorite talk show host

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Celebrities flock to Oprah's penultimate showOprah and Maria Shriver.

Oprah Winfrey’s final show airs tomorrow, and today’s second part of her “Farewell Spectacular” saw celebrities turn out in full force, a touching tribute to the woman who has been America’s best friend for 25 years.

Oddly enough, Oprah spent most of her show not trending on Twitter, though “surprise” guests like Tom Hanks, Michael Jordan, Maya Angelou, Jerry Seinfeld, Jamie Foxx, Stedman and Gayle all did. I use quotation marks because there are no surprise guests for Oprah … if Obama himself had taken the stage to wish her well, it would not have been that unexpected.

So perhaps the biggest surprise of today was a heartfelt speech by Oprah’s silent partner Stedman Graham. Looking nervous, Stedman said that he didn’t know of anyone else who could change so many people’s lives and also bring a bagged lunch to work.

Meanwhile, Dr. Maya Angelou’s contribution to the ceremony was a new poem, which she read accompanied by Alicia Keyes on the piano:

“Unplanned and unrehearsed, this big-eyed black girl from Mississippi, showed the world how to look at itself … She listened to the rich and the poor, the famous and the infamous … For 25 years she listened. … She said, ‘Be strong, be kind, and call me Oprah.’ I can. I will. And I shall. Be Oprah. I am. Oprah. Oprah. Oprah.”

Of course, not everyone took the same approach to honoring the living legend. Jerry Seinfeld used his five minutes to complain about his marriage, women in general, and how it’s Oprah’s fault that ladies mock their husbands. Then Jerry took his seat, directly next to Oprah, because they are best friends anyway.

Simon Cowell introduced a musical number where Rosie O’Donnell sang a reworked version of “Fever,” with special appearances by Dr. Phil, Nate Berkus and Dr. Oz (the last of which said Oprah’s gift to the world was teaching everyone about S-shaped poop). Usher, Kristin Chenoweth and Aretha Franklin filled out the non-ironic singing portion of the show.

The oddest moment of the episode was when Maria Shriver joined Oprah onstage with Gayle King to thank her friend for “giving me  … the most important gift of all … telling me the truth.” It was a loaded moment, though if Arnold was watching, the camera didn’t cut to him. This was Oprah’s day, after all.

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Drew Grant is a staff writer for Salon. Follow her on Twitter at @videodrew.

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