Psychology
“Can Love Last?” by Stephen Mitchell
A philosophically inclined psychoanalyst's daring final work explains that the ecstasy of romantic love doesn't fade away over time -- we kill it.
Sometimes, on a bad day, I start to think that the only people who really believe that love endures are the guys doing the ad campaign for de Beers. You know — the urgent violins, the silhouettes of middle-aged but glamorous people gazing passionately at one another and exchanging gifts involving many carats. Oh, sure, I find myself muttering. As if anybody past 30 could be that beautiful! More to the point, as if any man as fabulous as that would be giving important jewelry to his original, doubtless slightly shriveled partner, instead of to some taut young lovely! As I said, a bad day.
But now, having read psychoanalyst Stephen Mitchell’s thoughtful, compassionate and profoundly optimistic “Can Love Last?” I think my bad days may be behind me. Because Mitchell isn’t trying to sell me anything, yet what he says affirms the message of the throbbing strings. Love can last, he says, if you have the courage and the imagination for it.
Mitchell, who died in December 2000, announces at the outset that his book is about “romance and its degradation.” Romance he defines as “a particular sort of love in which there are erotic currents”; degradation, I think we’re all familiar with. Why, Mitchell asks, should romance so inevitably wane, to be replaced — and this is if you’re lucky — by something solid, steady … and slightly-to-excruciatingly dull? Popular explanations are thick on the ground: Romance depends on mystery, but long-term relationships depend on understanding. Romance gets its fizz from sexuality, but partnership demands tenderness and caring, not lust. Romance is based on idealization of the other, and idealizing anyone is asking for trouble. Freud described his yearning patients neatly: “Where they love, they have no desire; where they desire, they cannot love.”
The problem is real, and all the explanations are true, Mitchell says, but only partly, inadequately true. His own view, both warmed and deepened by a 30-year clinical practice of what came to be called “relational psychoanalysis,” is that romantic love doesn’t die a natural, inevitable death: We kill it, out of fear. It’s just too dangerous, he says, to experience erotic currents toward somebody you actually know, somebody who shares not only your bed but the chores and the cable bill. What if he or she stopped desiring you? Compared to the emotional risks of long-term domestic passion, Mitchell observes, the zipless fuck is as daring as oatmeal.
Drawing on case histories, as well as sources as disparate as Heidegger’s “Being and Time” and Presley’s “All Shook Up,” Mitchell builds a quirky, original and ultimately convincing case. His is emphatically not a glib, accessible self-help book, which makes summarizing his argument hard; everything is connected to everything else. Still, the overall freshness of the thought is unmistakable.
Take his dissection of idealization, for example. Traditional analysis has “generally taken a dim view of the romantic, idealizing dimension of loving, understanding it as fundamentally regressive and defensive.” Not so, says Mitchell: Idealization is wonderful, as long as you choose your object wisely. Idealizing the beloved isn’t a recipe for heartbreak; the real killer is idealizing movie stars and mysterious strangers. OK, so you’re kidding yourself when you let yourself believe your partner is the funniest guy in the world. But you’re kidding yourself even more if you believe that there are guys out there who are both funnier and who don’t, say, screw up the crossword in ink, or insist on leaving for the airport three hours early. Both are illusions, but only the second one will lead you, inevitably, to lonely perusal of the personals in the New York Review of Books.
Perhaps the most counterintuitive of all Mitchell’s ideas is his take on the role of will in love. He agrees with the poets and songwriters that chemistry is real; you can’t make yourself love anyone. On the other hand, you can’t sustain love without making a conscious commitment to do it. Mitchell draws a lovely distinction here between deciding to do something — rationally weighing the pros and cons — and choosing one path or another in the face of some “fundamental ambiguity.”
Even though Mitchell is a philosopher, not a pop psychologist, he does eventually outline some strategies for identifying and neutralizing our impulse to murder love. For instance, recognize that the security and predictability so often seen as passion’s enemy are themselves illusions; anything can happen, anytime. (This sounds eerily prophetic, in the wake of The Events.) When you feel romance going stale, don’t engage in a “labored struggle to contrive novelty.” Instead, think about your ingrained patterns of loving. “Spontaneity is discovered not through action but through refraining from one’s habitual action and seeing what happens next.”
If you were having a bad day you could find fault with some details of “Can Love Last?” For instance, in his eagerness to make a point Mitchell sometimes sets up straw men and false dichotomies: He ascribes our own era’s fascination with spirituality, for instance, to the waning of confidence “that science itself will generate wisdom.” Somehow I doubt that astrologers and practitioners of hot yoga ever gave the contributions of science much thought. And he drags out Thomas Kuhn’s “Structure of Scientific Revolutions” and, later, Heisenberg’s tired old uncertainty principle to prop up the droopy observation that “what one discovers in another person depends a good deal on who one is.”
But in the end, it seems ungrateful to quibble with a thinker so humane and large-hearted. Romance, Mitchell concludes, is a “sandcastle for two,” a structure that requires constant rebuilding, an awareness of life’s fragility and the mindful interweaving of reality and fantasy. And though important jewelry isn’t actually necessary, what could it hurt?
JoAnn Gutin is a writer and anthropologist who lives in New York. More JoAnn Gutin.
We were breast-fed really late
My mother continued to let us touch her for years after feeding stopped, and now it feels creepy and revolting
(Credit: Zach Trenholm/Salon) Dear Cary,
I don’t know how to put this any way but bluntly, so here goes. My mom let me and my brother breast-feed really, really late– until we were 4 or 5. She let us touch and play with her breasts for years after that. She never told us what sex was, and later when I found out for myself, my body changing on its own, I felt revulsion at the all-too-recent memories of how I touched, and wanted to touch, my own mother. I hated that she hadn’t stopped me.
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Cary Tennis writes Salon's advice column, leads writing workshops and creative getaways, publishes books, writes an occasional newsletter and tweets as @carytennis.
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Life is empty at the top
I've won the game. Now what?
(Credit: Zach Trenholm/Salon) Dear Cary,
I’m not exactly sure what’s wrong with me. I’m not yet 30 and have a great job, a great apartment and the freedom to do whatever I want whenever I want. I’m debt-free, travel a lot, eat out for lunch and dinner most days and buy whatever I want. I should point out that I live abroad, having moved thousands of miles away from home after college to chase something. To make a long story short, I started from scratch, built a life, worked my way up and through three jobs, with my eye always on something bigger. I built up massive credit card debt in the process, but that’s all paid off now. I’m a totally free man. In a way, I’ve achieved everything I had been working to obtain. My work is interesting and fast-paced. Family and friends admire me. I live in an exotic locale as an expat. I honestly don’t know many other people my age who are as advanced or comfortable in their careers. So many people I went to college with are still making $10 an hour, interning, or even living with their parents, not including those who are still in school pursuing a second or third advanced degree! I’m good-looking and healthy.
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Cary Tennis writes Salon's advice column, leads writing workshops and creative getaways, publishes books, writes an occasional newsletter and tweets as @carytennis.
- Send me a letter! Ask for advice! Letter writers please note: By sending a letter to advice@salon.com, you are giving Salon permission to publish it. Once you submit it, it may not be possible to rescind it. So be sure.
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My deathbed second thoughts
After my mother's death, I dedicated my life to helping people die on their own terms. Then my father got sick
(Credit: Iwona Grodzka via Shutterstock) I walk into our kitchen. My mother is standing at the kitchen sink, whistling to the red cardinals in the plumeria tree. As I hurry to slip past her, she turns and looks at me as though her gaze could wrap its arms around me. “I love you so much,” she says softly. I roll my eyes and tsk, responding as an independent 13-year-old striking out to sever the umbilical cord. My mother is cut down to silence.
Without warning, a week later my 8-year-old brother wakes me in the morning saying, “Mommy’s sick, and she’s throwing up.” I respond as I think she would and bring her a tray with cinnamon-sugar toast and orange juice. I tell her I will take my brothers down to the playground so she can sleep. When we return three hours later, her bed is empty. There is a note from a neighbor that she has taken my mother to the hospital. A neighbor comes over to stay with us while our father is with our mother in the hospital long into the night. It is a long, lonely day and night without answers. I write a letter to God trying to describe my confusion and asking God to let her come home.
Continue Reading CloseLani Leary PhD is the author of the international bestselling audiotape "Healing Hands" and served as director of mental health services at Whitman Walker AIDS clinic and as professor of Death Studies at George Mason University. More Lani Leary.
Look at my scars
The remnants of my own illness have taught me that when it comes to difference, don't stare -- but don't turn away
(Credit: Natalia Klenova via Shutterstock) “Do I freak you out?” she had asked.
It was the kind of question adults rarely pose. But Abigail (a pseudonym, like some other names in this piece) is 8, and she doesn’t have any qualms about being direct. The person she was asking, my daughter Beatrice, likewise didn’t hesitate in her reply.
Abigail is new to our school this year. She is in every way a typical second-grader, except that she was born without a left hand. It’s a trait that makes her undeniably noticeable, and so, sometimes, people ask questions. Sometimes Abigail has questions of her own. Sometimes, when you’re different, you want to know.
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Mary Elizabeth Williams is a staff writer for Salon and the author of "Gimme Shelter: My Three Years Searching for the American Dream." Follow her on Twitter: @embeedub. More Mary Elizabeth Williams.
I’m the meltdown master — I panic constantly
Since I can't afford health insurance or therapy, how do I get over my anxiety attacks?
(Credit: Zach Trenholm/Salon) Hey, Cary,
I have a problem with nerves, but no health insurance and very little money to spare for therapy, even on a sliding scale, so maybe you can give me some free insights.
Whenever I end up in any kind of remotely adversarial or stressful situation — and by adversarial, I mean something as minor as having to say no to someone for any reason — I find myself having a strong physical response. I don’t know if you could quite call it a panic attack, but my heart starts pounding, my hands and voice start shaking, and I start to sweat profusely.
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Cary Tennis writes Salon's advice column, leads writing workshops and creative getaways, publishes books, writes an occasional newsletter and tweets as @carytennis.
- Send me a letter! Ask for advice! Letter writers please note: By sending a letter to advice@salon.com, you are giving Salon permission to publish it. Once you submit it, it may not be possible to rescind it. So be sure.
- Make a comment to Cary Tennis not for publication.
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More Cary Tennis.
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