Fiction
“Trance” by Christopher Sorrentino
This ambitious and powerfully written novel uses the Patty Hearst kidnapping to capture a uniquely terrifying period in American history.
If history invokes a scientific process for raising the dead, historical fiction is (or should be, anyway) something more like a siance: The dead groan and clank their chains, they utter foul curses, leave their socks in the hall and eye our money and our cars covetously. They possess no wisdom we don’t already share, and their motives are no less impure than ours.
Christopher Sorrentino’s big and ambitious novel “Trance” is trying to raise the spirit not just of dead people — although there are some of those — but of an era that in some ways is still close to ours but in others seems as dead as King Tut’s cat. That era is the mid-1970s, when the previous decade’s revolutionary ardor had burned down to embers and America seemed a dirty, declining nation mired in permanent “stagflation.” Like other commentators before him, Sorrentino sees the 1974 kidnapping of newspaper heiress Patty Hearst, by a left-wing splinter group called the Symbionese Liberation Army, as an event that embodied the spirit of the age.
It’s actually surprising that none of the obvious candidates in American fiction have tackled the Hearst affair directly — I’d nominate Don DeLillo, Denis Johnson or Robert Stone. It may be that they’re old enough to remember the events almost too vividly, and to regard them in a sense as common property. Someone a bit younger (Sorrentino’s around 40) might have absorbed these things through a child’s myth-making consciousness, and is now aware how distant, and how hallucinatory, they really are. If Sorrentino has clearly read those three authors in particular, there’s nothing shameful in that. His DeLillo-esque vision of the Hearst case as the moment when we slipped into a Matrix-like media coma, never to awaken, is both haunting and inevitable.
I’m not sure “Trance” sheds much light on Hearst herself or the SLA, partly because they’ve been worried over by intellectual hyenas for three decades, and partly because no amount of candlepower can illuminate a black hole. Both in life and in this book — where she appears under the name of Alice Galton, but with her personal history intact — Hearst seems to have been a curiously affectless young woman. Raised in the closest approximation of an old-money family California could offer, this granddaughter of William Randolph Hearst played the role of a mildly disaffected debutante. Dragged from her Berkeley apartment in the middle of the night by a post-Stalinist revolutionary cult, she turned out to be an all-too-willing brainwashee, switching almost immediately to the role of Tania, the infamous guerrilla poster girl.
So while Sorrentino spends plenty of time focused on the quandary of Patty/Alice/Tania (more than he ought to, maybe), the broad canvas of this novel is far more engaging than its alleged central figure. “Trance” hopscotches back and forward in time, moving from one character’s consciousness to another with vigorous, almost 19th century aplomb. FBI agents, marginal SLA members, the parents of marginal SLA members, an ex-convict hustler, and a mean-spirited drunk who may or may not be a CIA assassin all take their turns in the spotlight. His most important, and most compassionately drawn, characters might both be described as bystanders rather than main actors: Alice’s adoring news-baron father, Hank Galton, and the big-dreaming radical sportswriter Guy Mock, who rents houses for SLA members and “lends” them money.
This simultaneously old-fashioned and cinematic method reaches its apex when Sorrentino spends several heartbreaking pages with Myrna Opsahl (her real name), a woman killed by the SLA during a botched bank robbery in suburban Sacramento. Myrna was accompanying a group of women from her Lutheran church as they deposited the week’s collection; she died because she took a moment to set the church adding machine down on a table.
As may be clear already, Sorrentino sticks pretty closely to established facts and chronologies in the Hearst/SLA case, and for many readers of his generation this will create a sort of background buzz that is more bewildering than enlightening. All right, Patty Hearst is still alive, so she gets a pseudonym. Myrna Opsahl isn’t, so she has no legal rights. But Guy Mock is based, detail for detail, on real-life radical sportswriter Jack Scott (a close friend of basketball star-turned-sportscaster Bill Walton), who died several years ago. On the other hand, attempted presidential assassin Sara Jane Moore is alive, but appears here by her real name. It may reassure Sorrentino’s lawyers that Moore is now 75 and resides in federal prison — but it doesn’t reassure me about what the hell is going on in his book.
To muddy the waters further, surviving SLA members appear under fake names but real noms de guerre: The nutso couple who traveled around the country with Hearst were indeed known to the movement as Teko and Yolanda, as here. But their real names were Bill and Emily Harris, and Sorrentino gives them new ones (although they’re hardly mentioned). It’s true that Sorrentino’s prose is so powerful, and his evocation of the era so scarily vivid, that after a while I stopped caring much about the fuzzy conjunction of fiction and history. I don’t know whether the real Patty Hearst actually worked a shift serving kosher dinners at Grossinger’s, the legendary Jewish resort in the Catskills, while she was on the lam. If she didn’t, so much the better — it’s a perfect anecdote to have invented. (Of course the FBI ignores this tip as too outrageous.)
This Grossinger’s interlude allows Sorrentino to introduce one of his various authorial stand-ins or, in this case, stand-ups — a Borscht Belt comedian who monologues extensively on the recent resignation of Richard Nixon and, when heckled, tells unsatisfying jokes. (“Question: How many Hasidic rebbes does it take to change a lightbulb? Answer: What is a lightbulb?”) Much of “Trance” works this way: Its characters struggle to hold onto some sense of their historic significance but get lost in quotidian details, like shopping or marital jealousy or an urgent need to defecate. Then the landscape or the vapid media commentary or the book itself intervenes to explain the grand outlines. You either go with this sort of thing or you don’t; it’s both the strength of “Trance” and its weakness.
I lived in the same city as Patty Hearst when she was kidnapped, watched the televised firebombing of the SLA’s South Central Los Angeles bungalow in horror one night while my parents were at a dinner party, and have an older brother who inhabited cavelike Bay Area group apartments entirely too similar to the SLA’s crash pads. I don’t know whether that puts me in Sorrentino’s best possible audience or his worst, but I can testify that his eye and ear for the period are terrifying. (The following furniture-store commercial jingle, all by itself, made my hair stand on end: “Dublin, Berkeley, San Lorenzo, Cupertino, San Jose!”) If we emerge from “Trance” knowing about what we knew before, and if it’s as full of questionable decisions as the period it chronicles, its method and scope are breathtaking.
50 shades of Shutterstock
Slide show: Everyone's favorite light-bondage bestseller illustrated by inexplicable stock photography SLIDE SHOW
This week, for roughly the millionth time, E.L. James’ romance-bondage trilogy “50 Shades” nabs the No. 1, 2 and 3 spots on the New York Times bestseller lists. We don’t get it either. Every page of that book, which famously began as “Twilight” fan fiction, elicits a sigh of confusion and weird secondary embarrassment. The question is: Who would read this? (The answer is: Apparently everyone.) It’s the same baffled, helpless feeling we get when we sort through stock photos on a daily basis. Stock photos – which have been the subject of recent outstanding Internet satire – are used by this site, and many others, to illustrate our flood of content. Many are plain and simple, but a good portion are flat-out mind-blowing. Why did anyone think that photo was a good idea? It only made sense to join these forces. And so, we present to you passages from the most head-scratching bestseller of our time, illustrated with the assistance of inexplicable stock photography.
Megaphone by Natalie Bakopoulos
Miracles happen, even in an Athens crippled by a garbage strike, to a young mother unsure of her ability to love
(Credit: iStockphoto/caracterdesign) It’s the third week of the garbage strike and Athens has begun to smell. Bright-colored trash bags fill the curbs and alleyways, and we have learned to step over the rubbish and avoid the blocks that had become unnavigable. We know which stretches are particularly foul — a stretch along Mavili Square, or the entire top end of Monastiraki. Odos Athinas is a sea of trash, and Omonia is ghastly but we don’t go there anyway. May has gone from unseasonably cool to raging hot, and the garbage seems to be melting. In front of the museum it’s like yet another installation project. When I arrive each morning I want to wretch.
Continue Reading CloseNatalie Bakopoulos's first novel, "The Green Shore," will be published by Simon & Schuster in June 2012. Her work has appeared in Tin House, Ninth Letter, Granta Online, and The O. Henry Prize Stories 2010, and she is a contributing editor for the online journal Fiction Writers Review. More Natalie Bakopoulos.
Almost by Chris Pavone
She never thought of herself as ambitious, until motherhood and career collided in one horrifying hospital ride
(Credit: iStockphoto/caracterdesign) It’s just before dawn when Isabel puts the final page down on the fat stack of paper that sits on the rumpled bedspread, next to an overflowing crystal ashtray and a crumpled soft-pack of cigarettes. She’d tried Wellbutrin and Xanax; she’d used patches and gum. In the end, the only thing that made her quit smoking was being pregnant.
But then, after everything, she couldn’t help but start up again. At first it was just a single cigarette per day, or two. Then it became a few, and within months she was back to full-throttle. Over the past couple of years, she’s tried to quit a few times, but not seriously. She anticipates — she accepts — failure. Because she doesn’t want to quit, not really. She wants instead to try, and fail.
Continue Reading CloseMemorial Day fiction: Are we there yet?
Salon exclusive: At the start of the summer fiction season, new stories from Chris Pavone and Natalie Bakopoulos
(Credit: iStockphoto/caracterdesign) “Are we there yet?”
It’s a dreaded sentence. When it’s spoken by an anxious child from the back seat, it’s enough to make stressed-out parents wish they’d never taken a family vacation in the first place. And even if it’s delivered as a sing-songy punch line, from an impatient partner or spouse on a long road trip, it’s an irritating eye-roller of a joke.
So this Memorial Day weekend — the unofficial start of the summer vacation season, and therefore the summer fiction season — we asked two novelists to reclaim the sentence in a new and adult context. For our latest fiction project, there was only one simple rule: Each story had to include the line “Are we there yet?” in a fresh and surprising way.
Continue Reading CloseDavid Daley is the senior culture editor of Salon. More David Daley.
“Frankenstein” remixed
This masterful new adaptation of Mary Shelley's classic novel may be the best interactive fiction yet
Whatever interactive fiction is (and we’re still figuring that out) it suffers from all the problems of traditional fiction and then some. The vast majority of novels and short stories aren’t much good, but when a branching fiction — along the lines of the old “Choose Your Own Adventure” children’s books — fails to engage, the first impulse is to blame the form rather than the content. Let “Frankenstein,” just released by Inkle Studios and Profile Books, serve as a reproach to that reflex. The app is a creative, subtle and sensitive adaptation of Mary Shelley’s classic novella, and it has singlehandedly renewed this critic’s hopes for interactive fiction.
Laura Miller is a senior writer for Salon. She is the author of "The Magician's Book: A Skeptic's Adventures in Narnia" and has a Web site, magiciansbook.com. More Laura Miller.
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