Teenagers
Sex freaks
In "Black Hole," Charles Burns' remarkable graphic novel, sex spreads among scared, horny teenagers like a terrifying disease.
“Everything’s either concave or -vex,” the Danish poet Piet Hein once wrote, “so whatever you dream will be something with sex.” In Charles Burns’ decade-in-the-making graphic novel “Black Hole,” the natural concavity and -vexity of everything leaps out at you: Nearly every image is a sexual metaphor, with the distorted clarity and mutability of a nightmare. And sex in “Black Hole” also means body horror, sickening transformations and loss. The first page’s abstraction — a thin, wobbling slit of light on a black background — opens up to become wider and fleshier, then to become a blatantly vaginal gash in a frog on a dissecting pan (surrounded by pools and pearls of liquid). That’s only the beginning of the book’s array of weenie roasts and clumsy tongues and trees leaning away from each other like spread legs.
Burns originally serialized “Black Hole” as a 12-issue comic book series, beginning in 1995; a New York Times Magazine article last year offhandedly compared its reputation in the comics world to that of “Ulysses.” That’s not a particularly useful analogy, not least because Burns’ narrative gifts are much more visual than verbal. The only thing the two books really have in common is a formally audacious structure, with a chronology complicated enough that it takes a few readings to work out. (“Black Hole” is riddled with flashbacks, flash-forwards, and multiple perspectives.) What made each issue of the comic worth the long wait was its sustained tone. Chip Kidd (who designed the jacket), speaking on a panel this summer, pointed out that Burns had managed to keep his drawing style perfectly consistent for the 10 years it took to finish. The mood of the story moves in a slow, graceful arc from its initial plunge into repulsion to its final glints of hope; every panel suggests that Burns knew what it would look like from the moment he began the book.
“Black Hole” is set in the suburbs around Seattle, circa 1974. Its characters are all high school students: they hang out with their cliques, they’re cruel or kind to each other in a high school way, they get high on whatever’s available, they’re dragged along by sexual urges they barely understand. And there’s a disease going around, “the bug.” Once you get it, your body changes, and everyone notices. You might just get little tadpole-shaped growths on your chest, or bulbous things on your face, or your hair might all fall out, or you might grow a tail, or worse. You are never the same again, and you don’t belong at home anymore. “The bug” is, of course, sexually transmitted.
It’s not a metaphor for AIDS — too early — or for herpes, or even pregnancy (although a sobbing girl tells her philandering boyfriend that “maybe now that I’m starting to SHOW you’re getting grossed out and want to move on”; what she’s showing is webbing between her fingers). The disease that these scared, horny teenagers are passing on to each other is, basically, sex itself.
In a delicious touch, the endpapers of the book are close-ups on a page from a high school yearbook. On the inside front cover, we see a selection of mid-’70s teenagers smiling for the camera (with terrible hair, little mustaches, protruding teeth); on the inside back cover, the same characters and facial expressions are reprised, but this time everyone’s faces have mutated. (Evidently, everybody got it on in high school in those days.) Look back at the first pictures, though, and you can see the hints of what each of them will become. Burns specializes in drawing people and things that look like they’re just beginning to curdle.
“Black Hole” begins with sideburned teenager Keith Pearson dissecting the aforementioned frog in his high school biology class, with “sweet and perfect” Chris Rhodes as his lab partner. He suddenly collapses and sees a vision of the future: the gash in the frog, a gash in a foot, a huge tear opening up on Chris’ back, a hand over a woman’s crotch, and then a whirlpool of tiny, iconic images from the events that follow. At a party, Chris heads off for a graveyard tryst with a tall, handsome boy named Rob Facincanni; as they’re having sex, she notices that there’s a tiny mouth on his neck, making groaning noises. But she doesn’t realize that she’s got the bug until a week later, when she goes swimming with a bunch of her classmates, who notice the skin splitting open along her spine. Before long, she’s realized that she’s repeatedly shedding her skin, like a snake. Rob apologizes to her, and she kisses his neck-mouth: “It was warm and salty. It was like the ocean … a clean, sharp taste … and further inside, a tiny tongue. I could feel it trembling, fluttering up against mine.” (Burns’ work has a lot of virtues, but subtlety is not always one of them.) Soon, she’s run away from home to live in a tent in the woods, near the bonfire where all the infected kids go, and one day Keith, getting high with his friends, sees Chris’ abandoned skin hanging on a tree.
Keith, it turns out, has been flirting with the bug himself. He’s been hanging out at a local drug dealer’s pad, and an artist named Eliza who lives in the spare room there has her eye on him — she’s got a tail, and he’s a little turned on by that. Eventually, she has her way with him, and while she’s deflowering him, a piece of her tail breaks off in his hand. Meanwhile, something terrible is closing in on the alienated kids; there are weird, chopped-up dolls appearing all over the forest, people are disappearing from their bonfire clique and never returning, and somebody swears he saw a severed arm deep in the woods. And there’s an image that Burns keeps slipping into the story, of something awful in the forest, a young man lashed to a tree, a gag around his mouth, his hands tied in front of his crotch. It might be Keith; it might be someone else; it might not be there at all.
What makes all these Cronenbergian grotesqueries work is that Burns doesn’t play them for gross-out value — everything looks subdued and formal, and the story’s tenor very rarely departs from what you’d see in a monster-free coming-of-age story. In one scene, a group of rough-living kids have trashed the house their acquaintance is taking care of for the summer; in another, a girl stands in the dark, outside a party thrown by a friend she’s fallen out with, realizing she’ll never see her again. These characters are mutated creatures, but their mutations stand in for the physical and emotional changes of adolescence. The horrors of “Black Hole” are the horrors of high school, just made more vivid.
Burns’ name isn’t yet widely known outside the comics world, but his style will be instantly recognizable to people who read more than a few magazines. His sweating, beady-eyed characters have appeared in a bunch of Altoids ads, and he’s drawn the cover of most issues of the Believer. His ink brushwork is so clean and assured it almost seems like plastic, frozen into place (even when he draws smoke or falling detritus, nothing in these images ever seems to be moving), and the panel and page compositions in “Black Hole” are direct and unfussy, with fringes of light glinting out of the blackness that dominates almost every page.
The story strikes a few sour notes near the end with a violent wrap-up of one of its subplots, but the last chapter is magnificent: two visions of what can happen after the turbulence of a sexual awakening. In the first, a pair of Burns’ bug-mutated characters run away together, talking about how they’re going to start a new, idyllic life in a new place. It’s the kind of fantasy that tends to get cut down by fate, and even earlier in “Black Hole” it would have been. This time, though, it’s accompanied by a dream sequence that reprises the structure of one of the book’s first scenes, transformed from a vision of hellish squalor into an apparition of serenity and stark beauty; the implication is that maybe things will work out, that their grotesque fumblings have become something meaningful.
It’s followed by an overwhelming final scene, in which we see what Chris has shed her skin — metaphorically, as well as literally — to become. What sex has made of her isn’t a monster but a whole being. She can never have her childhood back, as much as she’s longing for it; she has to work out a new way to relate to the rest of the world. But on the last few pages, we see another recapitulation of an earlier dream, an image that Chris once thought would be “my end … a sparkling ceiling … some cheap, glittery shit,” under which she was naked, stumbling over ground littered with mangled corpses and bones, broken glass and snakes, things concave and -vex decayed into garbage. As she actually experiences it, it’s the beginning of her new life: a million stars in the sky above the icy water, beyond a soft beach where she’s buried the symbol of the change she’ll remember forever.
Douglas Wolk’s graphic novels column runs at the beginning of each month in Salon Books.
Douglas Wolk is the author of "Reading Comics." More Douglas Wolk.
Interview With My Bully: The bully who asked me out
Caleb insulted my dead boyfriend in front of our entire class. Years later, I learned what he'd really been after
(Credit: Tad Denson via Shutterstock/Salon/Benjamin Wheelock) My prep school may have been home to the offspring of politicians, federal judges and national media personalities, but first and foremost we were teenagers. And so in the spring of 1998, my class gathered in the school library to plan our senior prank.
“We should direct all highway traffic into the school parking lot!” somebody suggested.
“Let’s cover everything in Vaseline!” someone else said.
I played along, but I was having a tough time. Eight months before, my boyfriend Ben had been killed in a car accident. He’d been different from the other guys: almost preternaturally kind and, like me, overly intellectual. On the way to our junior prom, we’d sat in the limo discussing “The Great Gatsby.”
Continue Reading CloseJennifer Miller's debut novel, "The Year of the Gadfly," is out now from Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. More Jennifer Miller.
Desperately seeking survival
I was 13 and diagnosed with terminal cancer -- then Madonna showed me how to live
A detail from the cover of "Madonna & Me" When I was 13, my parents drove us 45 minutes from our home on a rural wooded peninsula to a suburban-mall movie theater to see “Desperately Seeking Susan.”
I wasn’t eating popcorn: One year after a surgery that removed a portion of my jaw, I could barely chew. This was just one of the small humiliations that had accumulated after I had been diagnosed with terminal thyroid cancer, undergone extensive surgery and testing, survived a recurrence of the cancer, and traded a death sentence for the murkier and far less glamorous reality of a rare genetic disorder. My neck was sliced halfway round, my jaw riddled with holes, and I had been diagnosed with a second, separate and distinct, type of cancer. The treatments had just started to remove the skin cancer ravaging my torso. Over the next three years I would have nearly four hundred biopsies.
Continue Reading CloseBee Lavender was born and raised in the Pacific Northwest but emigrated to Europe in 2004, where she lives in London with her family. Her books include a memoir about danger titled "Lessons in Taxidermy" and the anthologies "Breeder" and "Mamaphonic." Bee is the publisher of the online edition of "Hip Mama" and created and publishes Girl-Mom, an advocacy website for teen parents. More Bee Lavender.
A teen’s blog-inspired coming out
A plea for tolerance motivates a high-schooler to enlighten his mom
Dan Pearce (Credit: danoah.com) There’s a saying that nobody ever changed his or her mind on the Internet. And most of the time, that sad maxim holds a lot of water. But sometimes, something amazing happens.
Take, for instance, what happened after Utah blogger Dan Pearce wrote a frank and lovely essay on his Single Dad Laughing blog back in November, titled “I’m Christian. Unless you’re gay.” In it, he wrote about his friend he calls Jacob, a gay 27-year-old who lives in his conservative Christian community, and how “love, kindness, and friendship are three things that Jacob hasn’t felt in a long time.”
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Mary Elizabeth Williams is a staff writer for Salon and the author of "Gimme Shelter: My Three Years Searching for the American Dream." Follow her on Twitter: @embeedub. More Mary Elizabeth Williams.
Expelled for profanity
An incident in Indiana raises the question: Should tweeting an F bomb get you kicked out of school?
Austin Carroll and Garrett High School (Credit: AP) Austin Carroll is a 17-year-old high school senior in Garrett, Ind., who recently did something so outrageous that it got him expelled from school. He used profanity. On Twitter. Oh my stars and garters! What is the world coming to?
To hear even his own family describe him, Carroll sounds like a bit of a handful. Last month, he earned a suspension for violating the school dress code and wearing a kilt, and last fall, he ran afoul of the school administration for tweeting an F bomb via a school computer.
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Mary Elizabeth Williams is a staff writer for Salon and the author of "Gimme Shelter: My Three Years Searching for the American Dream." Follow her on Twitter: @embeedub. More Mary Elizabeth Williams.
The sexual politics of “The Hunger Games”
The anticipated new movie and "Twilight" have one thing in common: It's women who have the power and passion
Kristen Stewart and Jennifer Lawrence If there were ever a good time to be a young woman, this isn’t it. As if a massive backlash against contraception and sexual freedom, a recession and a perverse diet culture weren’t enough, it’s almost impossible to get tickets for the new “Hunger Games” film.
As you certainly know by now, in “The Hunger Games,” Katniss Everdeen is a teenage girl living in a dystopian far-future America where children from slave communities are forced to slaughter one another on television for the amusement of the wealthy. Katniss is moody, rebellious, deeply committed to protecting her mother and baby sister, and can incidentally shoot a man’s eye out through his windpipe. Right now, millions of nice young ladies all over the world want to be her. This should probably worry Rick Santorum more than it seems to.
Continue Reading ClosePage 1 of 45 in Teenagers
These stories are also fairly obviously about class. Vampire novels are straightforward tales of class treachery, all about wanting to offer yourself to wealthy social leeches who will, in return, grant you power, beauty, eternal life and pots of money; one somehow never reads about vampires who have to work for a living. “The Hunger Games,” meanwhile, is an occasionally eye-watering narrative arc about economic inequality and social unrest, in which the hero finds herself fighting to survive between the cruel, cartoonish extravagance of an overbearing ultra-capitalist state and the murky machinations of the neo-Stalinist rebels. Sex, class and power: Three things that are on most little girls’ minds far more than polite society likes to contemplate. No wonder these films have them screaming in the streets.