Arlington National Cemetery Investigation

Why did Arlington National Cemetery rehire Bobbie Garrett?

Garrett was investigated for fraud while working as a contractor for the cemetery. Why did he get his job back?

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Why did Arlington National Cemetery rehire Bobbie Garrett?An honor guard stands at attention at Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Va., Monday, 25, 2009, as the motorcade of President Barack Obama drives past on Memorial Day.

Arlington National Cemetery has rehired a private contractor who was involved in a recent wire fraud scandal at the cemetery. Bobbie Garrett was employed by a computer company working on a multimillion-dollar project at the cemetery when he and cemetery deputy superintendent Thurman Higginbotham were caught hacking into the computer files of a former cemetery employee. After Garrett left the company and the Washington area, eluding Army investigators, he started a new computer firm in Florida — and the cemetery granted this new firm a six-figure contract.

For nearly a decade, Higginbotham, the de facto boss of the cemetery, has managed a contractor-run effort to computerize burial operations at Arlington, which holds the remains of more than 300,000 service personnel and their family members. Other cemeteries years ago computerized operations and started keeping track of grave locations via satellite. Despite nearly 10 years of effort, however, Arlington still tries to keep up with 30 burials a day using a blizzard of paper grave cards and burial records along with more than 100 paper maps.

As Salon recently reported, problems with the paper records mean some headstones might not match the graves beneath. Salon detailed one example where workers went to bury someone in what they thought was an open grave, only to find unidentified remains already there. Current and former employees claim these problems occur with disturbing frequency. The Army recently launched an investigation into the cemetery following the reports in Salon.

For several years now, much of the money to computerize burial records went to Alpha Technology Group, a government contractor with offices in Waldorf, Md., and Newalla, Okla. Cemetery workers say, and internal e-mails show, that the company was a personal favorite of Higginbotham, who worked closely with an Alpha employee, Bobbie Garrett, on the effort to digitize Arlington’s burial records.

But Higginbotham and Garrett also shared a role in a recent cemetery scandal. In May, the Army’s Criminal Investigation Command (CID) cited both men in a seven-months-long investigation that found Higginbotham and Garrett hacked into a former employee’s government computer without authorization from the Army, which oversees the cemetery.

The Army probe completed in May found wire fraud after Garrett hacked into the employee’s government computer and then someone impersonated her online. Investigators from CID also cited Higginbotham for making “false statements” to investigators in that case. Investigators were able to determine that Garrett had hacked into the woman’s computer on Higginbotham’s behalf and found e-mails from Higginbotham containing information from that computer, but were unable to prove conclusively that either of the men was the person who had sent out e-mails using the former employee’s account and pretending to be her.

Garrett resigned from Alpha Technology Group soon after the Army probe began in October 2008. When Army investigators sought to interview him, the company said Garrett was visiting his sick mother in Ohio. Investigators were unable to find him or interview him. The U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Eastern District of Virginia declined to prosecute. Alpha Technology Group has not returned an e-mail or phone call from Salon.

As the Army investigation was winding down this spring, however, Garrett and the former chief operations officer at Alpha Technology Group, Carlton Wells, launched a new company. In March, Garrett and Wells incorporated Optimum Technical Solutions in Jacksonville, Fla. Corporate records list Wells as the president and Garrett as the vice-president.

The cemetery confirmed that in June, Arlington hired Optimum Technical Solutions to do work on the computerization of records — the same work Alpha Technologies had done. Optimum Technical Solutions apparently has a four-month, $193,000 contract. Carlton Wells answered a call placed to Optimum’s phone number in Florida, but declined to talk with Salon, calling his work for the government “a private matter.” Garrett also failed to respond to Salon’s request for an interview.

Thurman Higginbotham declined Salon’s request for an interview. But Arlington’s insistence on using Bobbie Garrett’s company is odd, since Optimum Technical Solutions is a small, two-person operation with no track record, the kind of firm unlikely to win a government contract. It is also odd because other more established companies probably would have the job done by now.

In 2004, Arlington hired another company, Roanoke, Va.-based Interactive Design Group, to perform a pilot project and computerize the records on a subset of 300 graves in the cemetery. It was a success. “We did 300 graves and showed that the system would work,” recalled the company president, Bill Hume. “Our pilot project was relatively cheap and fast,” he said. “It would give you walking directions to a grave site.” Hume said the whole cemetery could have been easily done by now.

But when it came time to do the whole cemetery back in 2004, the contract went elsewhere. “It came to my attention that a company called ATG was hired to do some work,” he recalled, remembering Garrett’s old company, Alpha Technology Group. Hume remembered that ATG had no experience with that kind of a project. “But they got the contract,” he remembered.

The decision to hire Garrett again by granting a contract to Optimum Technology Solutions shocked some cemetery employees who describe the failed, years-long effort to track graves via satellite as a boondoggle. “It’s ridiculous,” said a former IT manager at Arlington who resigned last month in protest. “They’ve been throwing good money after bad.”

The IT manager, who asked that his name not be used because it might interfere with a job search, said the rehiring of Garrett made him so suspicious of favoritism and perhaps other contracting irregularities that he sent a letter to Brig. Gen. Karl Horst, the commanding general of the Army’s Military District of Washington, which oversees the cemetery. The July 17 letter warned of “unethical contracts preference for IT subcontractors and poor management and oversight of the Information Technology operations of Arlington National Cemetery,” among other things. “Mr. Higginbotham has entered into a contractual obligation that I have serious concerns as circumventing US Army channels for approved contracting practices,” the manager wrote. “My concern lies in the fact that the supposed contractor operating under the name of Optimum Technology Solutions … is operated by a terminated (Alpha Technology Group) subcontractor employee.”

A spokesman for Horst would not discuss whether the ongoing Army investigation at Arlington on the heels of the Salon articles currently includes a probe of possible contracting irregularities. “I can only tell you that we take these kinds of allegations very seriously,” said Col. Dan Baggio. “But as a matter of general policy, we do not discuss matters pending investigation.” 

Mark Benjamin is a national correspondent for Salon based in Washington, D.C. Read his other articles here.

Marine’s father: Arlington officials broke their word on disinterment

Scott Warner just wanted to make sure his son's remains were properly buried, but officials wouldn't cooperate

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Marine's father: Arlington officials broke their word on disintermentMarine Col. Gregory Boyle, left, pays his respects to the parents of Pvt. Heath D. Warner, of Canton, Ohio, Melissa and Scott Warner, after handing them the U.S. flag that was draped his casket, during funeral service at Arlington National Cemetery, in Arlington, Va., Tuesday, Dec. 12, 2006.

Scott Warner traveled to Washington from Canton, Ohio, this week for the disinterment of his son’s remains at Arlington National Cemetery. Warner wanted to be sure his son Heath, a Marine killed in Iraq in 2006, was buried in the right spot. He was worried because the Arlington National Cemetery scandal, uncovered by Salon in a yearlong investigation, had unnerved him, and some of his son’s burial paperwork contained disturbing discrepancies.

The media covered Heath’s disinterment Wednesday closely, including the conclusion that Heath was buried correctly. But that’s far from the whole story.

“This thing has been portrayed as some big success story,” Warner told Salon during a telephone interview Thursday as he drove back to Ohio. “It was a disaster. It was a desecration of honor.”

It was also macabre. Warner says what really happened that day shows just how far the public trust in Arlington has evaporated and that the Army should be stripped of oversight of the cemetery. “Did I expect to be digging through my son’s casket looking for an arm? No,” he said. “For a family to go through what my family went through yesterday is beyond reproach.”

Warner had been suspicious even before he arrived in Virginia. During a Sept. 9 phone call with Kathryn Condon, the new executive director at the cemetery who was put in place this summer to clean up the scandal, Condon said a local funeral home had confirmed holding Heath’s remains just prior to his burial at Arlington in 2006. The same funeral home, however, had informed Warner there were no such records, Warner said.

Next, when Condon agreed to dig up Heath’s remains, she wanted it all done at 7 a.m., Warner says, before the cemetery opened to the public. “She tried to change the time from 8 a.m. to 7 a.m. so she could keep people out,” Warner said. “I told her I would be there at 8.” (He was.)

Then Condon said that Warner could bring two reporters to the cemetery with him, but no photography or video was allowed. “I said to her, you don’t have a problem with the media when everything is picturesque and you get those amazing photos,” Warner recalled. “But when it gets to the ugly side of your mistakes, you want to hide it.” (Warner lost this battle.)

Warner was so suspicious of the cemetery, he made Arlington agree not to open Heath’s casket until he got there. He wanted to see that process to make sure it was on the up-and-up.

“They said they were going to dig out the grave the night before and pump out any water that was in the vault,” but not open his son’s casket. Warner said he was insistent and the agreement was clear. “They said they would not open the vault or open his casket until we arrived on the 15th.”

The plan was that Arlington would pull up the casket with Warner there, and a friend of Heath’s would look at the remains to confirm his identity. This way, Warner would not have to see his son’s remains. Heath was killed in a roadside bomb attack in Anbar Province, Iraq. His body was badly ravaged by the blast, requiring a closed-casket funeral.

But when Warner arrived near his son’s gravesite, he was shocked when Condon handed him Heath’s dog tags. “Kathryn approached and said that they had opened the grave,” he said. “They proceeded to tell us they opened the vault, brought up the casket and made an external identification and gave me his dog tags,” he remembered. “They broke the agreement,” he said.

Warner said his mind raced. He felt unsure of who or what to trust. “Everything had been compromised,” he said.

Warner insisted they raise his son’s casket again. Arlington agreed. “The lid was (partly) open,” Warner said he noticed as the casket came up. “It looked like my son’s remains were going to fall out.”

Arlington workers put Heath’s casket on a flatbed truck, covered it with plastic and an American flag, and drove to a secluded warehouse on the cemetery perimeter. “It was like a garage,” Warner recalled.

When the casket was opened, Warner panicked. He felt like he would never get real closure unless he did the unthinkable. “I literally jumped up on the flatbed. Don’t ask me how I did it,” he said.

He looked at the remains. His son’s body was unrecognizable from the blast and the decomposition. “I could not even tell you what was there,” he said, describing the grisly inside of his son’s coffin. “It was so bad. It was a ghastly sight.”

Warner remembered a distinctive tattoo on his son’s arm. “I took my hat off. I took my jacket off. I began to dig in his casket,” he said. “They gave me a pair of latex gloves.”

Warner found his son’s torso. “The body had rolled,” he said. Under the torso was Heath’s arm. “It was underneath his back,” Warner said. “I began to rub some mud off his arm. I was able to make an identification because his tattoo was intact and viewable.”

Warner said he wants people to know what happened that day, how a scandal and further missteps by Arlington have driven grieving families past the edge. He says the scandal at Arlington followed by the cemetery’s bungling of the disinterment made him desperate for closure, and that his trust in Arlington has deteriorated to nothing. “I had no choice,” he said about going through his son’s remains. “This was just beyond anything I ever imagined. It is something I will have to live with for the rest of my life.”

Warner said he has no confidence that the Army, which has overseen the cemetery for years, can also be responsible for fixing the problems there: “These people should all just be fired.”

For weeks, the Army has not responded to any questions from Salon or any requests for interviews about the Arlington scandal, including a request to interview Condon.

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Mark Benjamin is a national correspondent for Salon based in Washington, D.C. Read his other articles here.

Investigators blast Arlington contracting

Officials confirm millions in "questionable or improper" spending with little oversight first reported by Salon

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Investigators blast Arlington contractingA member of the honor guard taking part in a wreath laying ceremony by Britain's Prime Minister David Cameron walks past the gravestones at Arlington National Cemetery outside Washington, July 21, 2010. REUTERS/Jim Young (UNITED STATES - Tags: MILITARY)(Credit: © Jim Young / Reuters)

Army contracting officials have produced a scathing report on Arlington National Cemetery that documents the “questionable or improper” spending of millions of taxpayer dollars, supposedly used to pay contractors and purchase supplies at Arlington. The Army probe found little proof of services rendered for some contracts and payments.

Investigators mostly discovered a convoluted, incomplete and sometimes conspicuously absent paper trail to account for the money — both at the cemetery and in the files of Army contracting officials who oversee the cemetery.

The Army launched this stand-alone financial investigation in June as the yearlong Arlington scandal exposed by Salon rapidly became more public. Salon reported that many at Arlington had tried to blow the whistle on questionable spending to computerize burial records, under the supervision of deputy superintendent Thurman Higginbotham, with contracts going to some of the same people more than once, even after they failed to produce a product. After spending somewhere between $5 million and $20 million, Salon reported, the cemetery’s years-long effort to computerize its records wasn’t completed.

Last week, Higginbotham invoked the 5th Amendment when he was asked about the contracts during a congressional hearing.

Army contracting specialists reviewed cemetery contracts and spending on everything from landscaping work to cellphone bills over the past five years. The resulting July 27 “Procurement Management Review of Arlington National Cemetery” report documents a dizzying blizzard of disappearing money, missing or incomplete contracting paperwork and fishy-looking spending on all sorts of things.

In one section of the report, investigators examined between $400,000 and $800,000 of spending per year on various purchases at Arlington. The probe found numerous examples of “no evidence of delivery and/or acceptance of services and supplies” in return. The report documents the purchase of cameras, refrigerators, computer equipment, software and car parts, as well as cellphone charges and payments for car repairs. For those expenditures, investigators found “limited or no supporting documentation or validation of the location of the items.” The report called signatures on some purchase orders at the cemetery “questionable,” noting that, “signatures purported to be signed by the same person appeared to be totally different.”

“Based on the lack of documentation, justification for the items being purchased, independent receipt and acceptance, and the location of property purchased which should be maintained in the files, most of the purchases reviewed … would be considered questionable or improper,” the report says. When it comes to the Army, which oversees Arlington, the report says the Army failed to “ensure only authorized items were purchased, and receipt and acceptance was documented.”

In addition to the purchase of items, the Army report also looks into millions of dollars paid to contractors for services. Here, too, investigators found widespread lack of proper documentation and common deviation from government contracting procedures designed to ensure fair competition among contractors and preserve taxpayer funds — but that was only when the Army investigators could find the files at all. Investigators were unable to locate more than half the files for 167 Arlington contracts awarded through the Army’s National Capital Region Contracting Center, covering everything from horticulture work to construction.

The investigators also sought to review a separate set of 34 cemetery contracts awarded through an Army Corps of Engineers office in Baltimore. Four of those files were “incomplete” enough that they could not be reviewed, investigators found.

The report is particularly critical of millions the cemetery spent on contractors to computerize Arlington’s antiquated, faulty burial records still managed in a flurry of paper that has resulted in thousands of burial errors at Arlington. Despite payments to contractors who were close to top cemetery officials, Arlington received little to nothing in return, leading to the scandal exposed by Salon over the past year. “The contract files did not contain evidence that the government received deliverables as stated in the contract,” the report said of this modernization effort that was supposed to prevent burial mistakes. Arlington blew somewhere between $5 million and $20 million on this fruitless endeavor. No one is sure of the total amount, or exactly where the money went.

The report highlights the role of cemetery deputy superintendent Thurman Higginbotham, who handpicked the contractors who were supposed to perform that computerization work and managed the contractors to carry it out. “Contract file documentation indicated that the deputy superintendent ANC acted with apparent authority to receive services and provided direction to the contractors,” according to the report. “Receiving reports reviewed at ANC were signed by the deputy superintendent ANC. The contract files did not contain evidence that the government received deliverables as stated in the contract.”

The Army allowed Higginbotham and cemetery superintendent Jack Metzler to retire unscathed last month. The Army has shown no sign of any intent to hold any Army officials accountable for anything that took place at Arlington.

The report was released Tuesday by Sen. Claire McCaskill, D-Mo. McCaskill chairs a Senate subcommittee that is investigating the scandal at Arlington and that held the hearing last week. 

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Mark Benjamin is a national correspondent for Salon based in Washington, D.C. Read his other articles here.

Hostile senators unload on ex-Arlington chiefs

Jack Metzler and Thurman Higginbotham make excuses, but a panel of senators doesn't buy them

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Hostile senators unload on ex-Arlington chiefsFormer Arlington National Cemetery Superintendent John Metzler testifies in Washington on Thursday.

Jack Metzler, the former superintendent of Arlington National Cemetery, and his ex-deputy, Thurman Higginbotham, faced a hostile Senate investigative panel on Thursday as they struggled to answer questions about the burial scandal that played out on their watch.

At various times, Metzler tried to say he was unaware of the issues at the cemetery, which include graves with no headstones, unknown remains in graves, urns of cremated remains tossed out in the landfill, and the apparent waste of millions in public funds that were designated to address the problems. (Salon documented these issues and others in a year-long investigative series.) Metzler also claimed that, as he became aware of problems, he fixed them — but Sen. Claire McCaskill, who chaired the panel, would have none of that.

“You did know about it and you did nothing,” she said. Then she turned to Higginbotham: “And you knew about it, Mr. Higginbotham, and you did nothing.”

Metzler went on to blame an inadequate budget — which senators quickly pointed had increased dramatically during Metzler’s tenure — and a busy burial schedule. But again, McCaskill was unsatisfied.

“This is not complicated,” she said. “It’s called keeping track of who you bury, where. That is not a complicated task.”

The subcommittee also examined the apparent waste of millions in taxpayer funds. Higginbotham directed somewhere between $5 million and $20 million to a group of handpicked contractors to modernize burial records at Arlington, but the contractors produced almost nothing in return, and burial records are still tracked on pieces of paper, which go missing. Higginbotham invoked the 5th Amendment when he was asked about the contracts.

Subcommittee ranking member Scott Brown, R-Mass., said it’s astounding that Arlington still tries to track 30 burials a day with a flurry of paper: “Let me get this straight: It is 2010 and you guys…are still dealing in cards? I just can’t get my head around that.”

Officials from the Army, which oversees Arlington, testified that they were mostly kept in the dark about the missing money and burial mishaps. Claudia Tornblom, the Army deputy assistant secretary who oversees the cemetery’s budget, claimed she was aware of burial paperwork “discrepancies,” but did not know that those discrepancies might reflect burial problems in the ground. “Obviously, we did not ask enough questions,” she explained.

Brown said the idea that the country’s most famous cemetery could not keep track of the dead was unimaginable. “It’s almost like learning there is no Santa Claus or Easter Bunny,” he observed.

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Mark Benjamin is a national correspondent for Salon based in Washington, D.C. Read his other articles here.

Arlington Cemetery ex-official accepts blame

The former superintendent of the scandal-wracked military burial site offers "sincere regrets to the families"

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The former superintendent of Arlington National Cemetery says he accepts “full responsibility” for the mix-up of graves at the famous military burial ground.

John Metzler ran the cemetery for 19 years before he was forced out because of the scandal. He told a Senate committee on Thursday that it pains him that his team didn’t do its job. He expressed his “sincere regrets to the families.”

Missouri Sen. Claire McCaskill said at the hearing that as many as 6,600 graves at Arlington could be unmarked or mislabeled because managers didn’t do their job properly.

That’s much higher than the estimate last month from Army investigators, who said about 211 remains were affected.

Metzler’s former deputy, Thurman Higginbotham, also appeared. Higginbotham says he plans to assert his Fifth Amendment right not to answer questions.

THIS IS A BREAKING NEWS UPDATE. Check back soon for further information. AP’s earlier story is below.

WASHINGTON (AP) — A Senate Democrat says that as many as 6,600 graves at Arlington National Cemetery could be misidentified because managers there didn’t do their job properly.

Sen. Claire McCaskill, D-Mo., spoke at a hearing Thursday, where the cemetery’s former superintendent and deputy superintendent were scheduled to testify.

McCaskill says she believes that between 4,900 and 6,600 graves may be unmarked or mislabeled on cemetery maps.

The estimate far exceeds one given by Army investigators last month that some 211 remains could be affected by the graves scandal.

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Senate memo: As many as 6,600 burial mistakes at Arlington

On the eve of a hearing, Claire McCaskill's office lays out far worse problems than the Army has acknowledged

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Senate memo: As many as 6,600 burial mistakes at ArlingtonRows of headstones are aligned in Area 60 in Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Va., Friday, July 2, 2010. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)(Credit: Alex Brandon)

The total number of unmarked, improperly marked or mislabeled graves at Arlington National Cemetery could be well over 6,000, according to an estimate by a Senate subcommittee investigating the cemetery.

The Senate Subcommittee on Contracting Oversight, chaired by Sen. Claire McCaskill, D-Mo., is conducting an investigation into the burial and contracting scandal at Arlington first uncovered in a year of reports in Salon. A July 27 memo to subcommittee staff credits Salon with exposing the problems now being investigated. The memo also warns that “The problems with graves at Arlington may be far more extensive than previously acknowledged. The Subcommittee has obtained information suggesting that 4,900 to 6,600 graves may be unmarked, improperly marked, or mislabeled on the Cemetery’s maps.”

The memorandum says that estimate is based on a review of more than 5,300 pages of Army documents, material from whistle-blowers, and interviews with current and former government officials.

McCaskill’s estimate of missing or mismarked graves could well be correct, and may even be conservative. The Army last month released a report documenting 211 problems in three sections of the cemetery, where paperwork showed remains in a grave for which there was no headstone in that section. (Or, conversely, there was a headstone in that section for a particular grave, but no paperwork to match.) But there are 70 sections at Arlington, holding a total of over 330,000 graves. And as Salon outlined over the past year, each single burial blunder can create a domino effect: If the wrong person is named on a headstone, then where is the body that should be under that headstone?

Salon reported Tuesday that Arlington budget chief Rory Smith tried to warn Army higher-ups of management and contracting problems as early as 2003, to no avail.

Read the full subcommittee memo here:

ANC Public Memo Final

 

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Mark Benjamin is a national correspondent for Salon based in Washington, D.C. Read his other articles here.

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