Sexual abuse
Redefining pedophilia with pedophiles’ help
"Minor-attracted persons" say we need to rethink how the mental illness is defined -- and some experts agree
We usually hear pedophilia talked about in terms of mental illness — if not evil — but Aug. 17 a motley crew of self-identified “minor-attracted persons” and mental health professionals have gathered in Baltimore to talk about it as a sexual identity. At hand is an issue deeply important to both groups: the revision of the diagnostic criteria for pedophilia.
The sponsor of the event, B4U-ACT, a support group aimed at preventing pedophiles from acting on their attraction to children, hopes to influence the relevant entry in the upcoming revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Understandably, the idea of pedophiles helping to define their own mental illness has some unnerved. Earlier this week, the Daily Caller wrote about the event in a piece headlined, “Conference aims to normalize pedophilia.” It’s true that many in the community believe that attraction to pubescent or pre-pubescent children isn’t a mental illness at all, but the symposium itself has the stated aim of raising awareness about fundamental problems with the proposed revision to the DSM’s entry on pedophilia.
Richard Kramer, director of B4U-ACT, argues that the panel of experts responsible for the revision “represents only the narrow field of sex offender assessment and treatment.” He believes it’s important to also represent minor-attracted folks who have not offended and would like to keep it that way: “[The panel] bases its work almost exclusively on assumptions about, and research on, sex offenders, who do not represent minor-attracted people in the general population,” he wrote me in an email. “As a result, the DSM includes inaccurate and misleading information and ignores the existence of minor-attracted people who are law-abiding.”
It might seem counterintuitive for non-criminals to fight to be recognized alongside criminals, but B4U-ACT sees this as a way of fighting the stigmatization of attraction to children and the conflation of pedophiles with child molesters. Of course, “pedophile” has become cultural shorthand for “abuser” for good reason: We fear they will act on their attraction to children. An article on the DSM debate in the Harvard Mental Health Letter says the scientific evidence supports that concern: “Several reports have concluded that most people with pedophilic tendencies eventually act on their sexual urges in some way. Typically this involves exposing themselves to children, watching naked children, masturbating in front of children, or touching children’s genitals.” Kramer and his ilk argue that such scientific wisdom is based on skewed data that looks only at offenders, and that many child molesters are not technically pedophiles (i.e., they offend because of opportunity, not sexual attachment).
Such claims seem rather dubious when visiting a message board like Boy Chat, where it’s easy to find men discussing how society just doesn’t understand that many “young friends” enjoy having a friendship with a “boy lover.” There are no mentions of sexual activity with children, as such posts are forbidden, and posters are effusive about how they would never think of “hurting” a child — but one gets the sense that they’re operating under a different understanding of “hurt.” Most of the discussions focus on feelings of love and tenderness for young boys; it’s all very reminiscent of how Michael Jackson would talk about his friendships with children. There are also conversations about how to find a “YF” — for instance, one man says he is renting a room in his house to a woman with custody of her grandsons. He writes, “The boys have taken to me, naturally, and my landlady loves me. I’m taking it slow, but I’ve already been trusted to watch the boys … another night coming this week; an overnight. They’re cutie pies.”
There is a general consensus within the medical community that pedophilia is a sexual orientation and as such is unlikely to change, so treatment focuses on helping them to suppress their desires through psychotherapy and medication. Fred Berlin, director of the Sexual Behavior Consultation Unit at Johns Hopkins and an expert presenter at today’s event, compares it to the sort of treatment people with drug addiction or alcoholism go through. “They need to learn to not give in to cravings which are satisfying and very pleasurable but which their intellect and their conscience and society is telling them they ought not to act on,” he told me by phone. “Now, can everybody succeed? No, but there are large numbers of people who experience these attractions and with proper help go on and don’t continue to offend. There is good evidence to show that that’s the case.”
He says many pedophile activists are concerned that the term “has become a stigmatizing pejorative,” a way of saying “that somebody is less than human.” They’re unlikely to get much sympathy from the general public for being stigmatized, but Berlin says it’s in society’s best interest to resist demonizing them. “The idea is to try to get folks who are sexually attracted to children to come forward and get help before acting so that children are not harmed,” he said. “That’s certainly a goal that I would fully support.” He adds: “None of us as little children sit down and ask ourselves the question, ‘Do I want to grow up to be attracted to men or to women, to boys or to girls?’ Nobody sits down, reflects about that and then decides,” he argues. “If someone realizes while growing up that they’re attracted to pre-pubescent children, it seems to me it is very important for them to know that there are places they can go to get help before they act on those feelings.”
This debate goes far beyond the push by pedo-activists, raising fundamental questions within the medical community about how we define mental illness. Controversially, the proposed DSM adds hebephilia (attraction to pubescent children) to the entry for pedophilia (attraction to pre-pubescents), creating the hybrid “pedohebephilic disorder.” Psychiatry professor Richard Green, founding president of the International Academy of Sex Research, wrote in the Archives of Sexual Behavior, “In several European countries, the age of legal consent to have sex falls within the range proposed for the DSM as signifying mental disorder for the older participant,” he writes. “If the general culture is accepting of participation by the younger party, but psychiatry pathologizes the participation by the older party, then the mental health profession pronounces a moralistic standard and, if successful, becomes an agent of social control.”
Few of us in the general public are capable of thinking about pedophiles, or hebephiles, in emotionless, scientific terms — but, luckily, we aren’t the ones charged with treating them, or defining who “they” are.
Tracy Clark-Flory is a staff writer at Salon. Follow @tracyclarkflory on Twitter. More Tracy Clark-Flory.
Who says men can’t be raped?
A tabloid story about a German "nymphomaniac" makes an absurdly sexist error
(Credit: Matthew Benoit via Shutterstock) You know what you call someone who demands sex after a partner refuses? Who forces a person to have sex? Whose victim has to escape out a window and call the police? Someone who, according to news accounts, faces charges of “sexual assault and illegal restraint”? You call that person an alleged sex offender. Or, if you’re the UK Mirror and the assailant is a female, you just call her a nymphomaniac.
As first reported in the Canadian site the Province last month – complete with a snuggly picture of a happy couple in bed – a 43-year-old German man told Munich police he had met the 47-year-old woman in a bar, went home with her, and had sex a few times. But when he said he’d had enough, she demanded more and refused to let him leave. He then fled out a balcony and called the cops. The Mirror then picked up the tale — this time along with a coy image of a pair of feet in bed – and described the woman as an “insatiable lover.” She then allegedly struck again early this week, leaving a second man who’d gone home with her after a chance meeting on a bus “sobbing in the street” and pleading to police, “Oh God, it was hell. I can’t walk. Please help me.” She has reportedly now been placed under psychiatric evaluation.
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Mary Elizabeth Williams is a staff writer for Salon and the author of "Gimme Shelter: My Three Years Searching for the American Dream." Follow her on Twitter: @embeedub. More Mary Elizabeth Williams.
America’s expensive sex offenders
Ballooning costs are making states rethink laws that would keep these criminals in civil detention for life
The 300-bed Virginia Center for Behavioral Rehabilitation in Burkeville, Va., Tuesday June 29, 2010. Virginia's program for indefinitely containing those considered sexually violent predators is facing a more than $26 million budget shortfall over the next two years (Credit: AP/Dena Potter) In February, a Minnesota judicial panel ordered the release of 64-year-old Clarence Opheim, a convicted child molester who had served nearly 20 years in the Minnesota Security Hospital in St. Peter.
Before being committed to St. Peter, Opheim had served a five-year prison sentence for molesting an 11-year-old boy. (He also has admitted to molesting nearly 30 other children.) He is currently the only sex offender to ever be successfully released from the state’s Sex Offender Program.
The historic significance of the moment, however, was lost on many residents of Golden Valley, Minn.
Continue Reading CloseHannah Rappleye is a freelance reporter based in Brooklyn, NY. Her work has appeared on MSNBC.com, The New York Post, the Wall Street Journal, and the Mail & Guardian. She welcomes comments from readers. More Hannah Rappleye.
Want to friend a sex offender?
A push is under way to restrict registrants from social networking, virtual gaming and online dating
(Credit: iStockphoto/bet_noire) Imagine a little boy playing Xbox Live with a registered sex offender, a girl striking up a Facebook friendship with a child molester, a Match.com member going on a date with a convicted rapist. These are just a few of the both real world and imagined scenarios that have inspired attempts in recent weeks to restrict registered sex offenders from social networking, virtual gaming and online dating.
The aim of these approaches is understandable, but their effectiveness is questionable, and some experts see potential for it to backfire. What’s more, the breadth of these restrictions, and the inexactness of who is targeted, raise an issue unlikely to garner much sympathy: fairness to sex offenders.
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Tracy Clark-Flory is a staff writer at Salon. Follow @tracyclarkflory on Twitter. More Tracy Clark-Flory.
I pick the wrong men. Why?
In life, I'm an A student. When it comes to men, I get an F
(Credit: Zach Trenholm/Salon) Hey Cary,
I don’t even know what to write to you. I feel like writing out my life story is such a disaster. The thing is, most people wouldn’t think I’m such a disaster. I function amazingly. I’m 30, have my degree, work a job I totally love, doing something I feel is incredibly important, and I have children that I adore and adore me. When it comes to parenting or my job or even when I was getting my education, I had no problems. Those were and are all cake.
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Cary Tennis writes Salon's advice column, leads writing workshops and creative getaways, publishes books, writes an occasional newsletter and tweets as @carytennis.
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- Make a comment to Cary Tennis not for publication.
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I have a secret I have to tell
I've never told anyone what my dad did to me when I was 10. Should I just keep it bottled up?
(Credit: Zach Trenholm/Salon) Dear Cary,
Well first of all, man, I’ve never done something like this, ever, so it’s kinda scary. But here’s the deal. I’m a guy and when I was in the fourth grade, age 10 I suppose, I was raped. I was raped by my dad. It wasn’t good, to say the least. I suffered some damage to my anal sphincter muscle then which is with me to this day. Of course, not as bad; it’s healed but there is a leftover consequence. After that happened things went from bad to worse in my family. All the gory details aren’t necessary for the purpose of this letter.
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Cary Tennis writes Salon's advice column, leads writing workshops and creative getaways, publishes books, writes an occasional newsletter and tweets as @carytennis.
- Send me a letter! Ask for advice! Letter writers please note: By sending a letter to advice@salon.com, you are giving Salon permission to publish it. Once you submit it, it may not be possible to rescind it. So be sure.
- Make a comment to Cary Tennis not for publication.
- Send a letter to Salon's editors not for publication.
More Cary Tennis.
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