Sunday's New York Times Vows section led with quite the politically charged pair: Feministing's Jessica Valenti, author of "Full Frontal Feminism," and Andrew Golis of Talking Points Memo. I say "politically charged" because the very fact of Valenti's nuptials sparked controversy. Some people argued that this was an ultimate surrender to the patriarchy that rendered her feminist credentials null and void, and called it a betrayal of the campaign for marriage equality. As Melissa Harris-Lacewell argues in the Nation, the response to this off-white, nontraditional wedding reflects the depth of the marital conflict facing progressives: It's wrong to deny same-sex couples the right to marry -- but it will take more than gay marriage rights to fix the flawed institution.
Of course, it makes political sense to pick your battles. Why not win the fight for marriage equality and then give the creaky old tradition a modern makeover? After all, conservatives' worst nightmare is that same-sex marriage will destroy the institution as they know it, and we don't want to stoke their fears. That's why same-sex marriage advocates so often publicly insist that our aim is one of assimilation: They're simply being subsumed into hetero tradition -- not to worry, they'll totally fit in and (mostly) follow your rules! But Harris-Lacewell says we've got it all wrong.
Interestingly enough, her essay was inspired by "Til Death or Distance Do Us Part: Love and Marriage in African America," a book that details how many black families managed to maintain robust, lifelong marriages throughout American slavery, despite the fact that the unions weren't legally recognized. Love can survive even without the privileges and protection of official state recognition -- of course. But, she says, the right to legal recognition doesn't guarantee a union or its endurance -- again, of course. Today, despite "formal, legal equality, marriage has never been more rare or more insecure among African Americans," Harris-Lacewell says. She goes on to argue:
Fewer people who can marry are choosing to do so. More people who do marry are choosing to exit. This is not solely about selfish individuals unwilling to sacrifice for joint commitment. Marriage itself is still bolstered by a troubling cultural mythology, a history of domination, and a contemporary set of gendered expectations that render it both unsatisfying and unstable for many people.
This is a long and circuitous route to her ultimate point, which is that marriage needs a major overhaul. Her credo: "Let's use this moment to re-imagine marriage and marriage-free options for building families, rearing children, crafting communities, and distributing public goods." In other words: Let's campaign for true civil rights -- for everyone. Not just for couples who want to marry and adhere to the traditional rules of marriage, but families and individuals of all stripes. If marriage were to resemble anything even close to a fair and just social institution, it would support the well-being of people, not a particular ideology or institution. Not to mention, as Harris-Lacewell puts it, "contemporary heterosexual marriage is a bit of a mess."
The critical question is whether we can remake the institution from the inside out, or whether marriage is too constrained by tradition to fully evolve and needs to be demolished (at least in the government's eyes) and rebuilt from the ground up. The latter scenario represents the danger in limiting the marriage equality movement to same-sex access. So, thanks to Harris-Lacewell's essay, I now find myself considering a truly vexing question: Are we progressives fighting the wrong fight?
Kids these days! If they're not shoplifting or sexting, they're insisting on solo circumnavigating the globe. On Sunday, Australian 16-year-old Jessica Watson departed Sydney Harbor on a pink yacht, aiming to become the youngest person to sail around the world nonstop and unassisted. Last summer, American Zac Sunderland completed a similar trip at age 17, holding a world record for all of six weeks before the U.K.'s Mike Perham unseated him. In August, a Dutch court forbade 13-year-old Laura Dekker from setting out on her own round-the-world journey. (Previously, she'd been taken from her parents temporarily after they let her cross the North Sea alone.) It's madness! Next thing you know, parents are going to actually let their 6-year-olds take solo balloon flights, instead of just pretending it happened accidentally.
Or not. I can certainly understand the concern about letting a 13-year-old spend a year alone on a boat, and I think it's probably a good thing that Dekker's been forced to cool her young heels. And just in general, the idea of a world record for "youngest person ever to pull off a life-threatening stunt" is a bit unsavory, given where it must inevitably lead. But still, it's hard to say what the minimum age for such a trip should be, since A) so much depends on the individual, and B) attempting to sail around the world alone is extremely dangerous and slightly bonkers at any age. My grad school classmate Tania Aebi did it at 18, pre-GPS, with very little sailing experience and a boat plagued with problems. That she lived to tell the tale in two books and make a career out of sailing doesn't make her original decision to go one iota less batshit, in my opinion, but I am neither a sailor nor a particularly adventurous soul. What I've learned from Tania, and from reading about all these teenage voyagers, is that those of us whose personalities are fundamentally incompatible with the thought "Solo circumnavigating the globe sounds like a hoot!" really just don't understand enough to offer a useful opinion.
Meanwhile, I can't help noticing that there's been a lot more hand-wringing about Watson doing it than there was about Sunderland and Perham -- both of whom I only heard of after their trips were complete. "I do not want to shatter your dreams but to undertake such a voyage requires more experience than you currently have," wrote sailor Andrew Cape in a painfully condescending letter to Watson. Recently, the L.A. Times asked "Is the girl strong enough, mentally and physically, to deal with considerable hazards at sea, or the long, lonely calm stretches she's sure to face?" and fretted that the color of Watson's boat, "Ella's Pink Lady," would "announce to other mariners the presence of the fairer sex." Hmm, I wonder why folks are so much more worried about Watson than they were about those other two teenagers. There must be some difference there, but I can't quite put my finger on it.
Watson's been sailing for half her life, has logged over 5,000 nautical offshore miles, and knows damned well what she's up against, as do her parents. Her father, Roger, has explained the calculation they've all made quite bluntly: "It would be devastating if we lost her ... but I still think it would be worse to say 'no you can't go' because of that risk, because of what she's put into it." Again, I have trouble imagining myself coming to a similar conclusion, but setting world records for perilous tests of human endurance is really not my thing. So I will defer to the opinion of someone whose thing it was, and who paid the ultimate price for her adventurous spirit: Amelia Earhart, whose new biopic comes out this Friday, 72 years after her disappearance. In a letter she left for her husband before her final flight, Earhart wrote, "Please know I am quite aware of the hazards. I want to do it because I want to do it. Women must try to do things as men have tried. When they fail, their failure must be but a challenge to others."
As far as I can tell, that's what it comes down to for Jessica Watson: She is quite aware of the hazards, but she wants to do it because she wants to do it. And in light of that, I'm with Australian Deputy Prime Minister Julia Gillard: "I'm nervous for her. But my words at this stage, given that she's determined to go, would be to wish her the best of luck and to urge her to keep safe."
Looking back on some of things I thought were a good idea to wear in college, I have to cringe. Culled mostly from thrift stores, my wardrobe involved everything from layered slips worn as skirts to a garish pair of faux snakeskin boots with 4-inch platform heels. For a while, my personal motto was, "Every day is Halloween." But now that the slips have disintegrated and I only keep the shoes around for costume parties, I wouldn't trade my memories (or photos!) of the fun I had in them for the world. College is a time -- and, for some, the only time, between the parental regime of childhood and the repressive dictates of the working world -- to figure out who we are and will be, to push our self-images to their logical extreme, just to see what sticks. Clothing is a small but essential part of that process.
That's why it's so disheartening to hear that Morehouse College, an all-male, historically African-American school in Atlanta, has instituted a dress code banning this kind of experimentation. The "Appropriate Attire Policy" dictates that students refrain from wearing caps, do-rags, sagging pants, "clothing with derogatory or lewd messages either in words or pictures" and sunglasses ("in class or at formal programs"). Most controversial is the college's decision to outlaw "clothing usually worn by women (dresses, tops, tunics, purses, pumps, etc.) on the Morehouse campus or at college-sponsored events."
Now, a few of these guidelines make sense: It's disrespectful to wear sunglasses in the classroom, where you're expected to be paying attention to the professor and participating in a discussion with classmates. And depending on how "clothing with derogatory or lewd messages" is defined (and who defines it), that may also be a wise call. But what about the do-rags, sagging pants and ladies' clothing? Who is that hurting?
Well, for one thing, the drag ban isn't aimed at what you might assume: preventing frat bros from their typical, occasionally minorly offensive, homecoming-season cross-dressing high jinks. CNN quotes Dr. William Bynum, Morehouse's vice-president for student services, as saying, "We are talking about five students who are living a gay lifestyle that is leading them to dress a way we do not expect in Morehouse men." Bynum also claims that, when he discussed the new policy with Safe Space, the college's gay group, "Of the 27 people in the room, only three were against it." It's interesting, then, that Safe Space's co-president, in an interview with the Atlanta Journal-Constitution, calls the drag ban discriminatory. In fact, he says, "Some believe that this restriction is what the entire policy is correlated around." It's notable that while most items on the list are banned solely in academic or public buildings, it is now impermissible for Morehouse students to dress in women's clothing anywhere on campus -- even in the privacy of their own dorm rooms.
Bynum claims that the "Appropriate Attire Policy" is designed to help Morehouse "get back to the legacy" of educating "Renaissance men." And Cameron Thomas-Shaw, the student government's co-chief of staff, tells the Journal-Constitution, "The image of a strong black man needs to be upheld ... And if anyone sees this policy as something that is restrictive then maybe Morehouse is not the place for you." While Thomas-Shaw is the most explicit about the connection between the dress code and race, the subtext about Morehouse educating "strong black men" is ubiquitous in stories about the ban. So we're not just talking about masculinity here -- we're talking about black masculinity, a topic that has fueled controversy over everything from Tyler Perry films to Barack Obama. It is, to say the least, a sensitive subject.
And, as the other stipulations of the Morehouse dress code illustrate, ideas about what black masculinity should entail don't just cut one way. The school won't allow black men to feminize themselves by wearing makeup, but it also views sagging pants and do-rags -- that is, articles that connote violent, hyper-masculine gang or thug culture -- as inappropriate. A respectable black man, Morehouse seems to be saying, can't be too feminine or too tough. The college isn't just banning items of clothing; it is, in effect, proscribing entire identities.
As Queerty points out, a school that brags about having graduated Martin Luther King Jr. may want to reconsider its stance on censorship: "Is wearing pumps in class really going to distract from academia? Only if Morehouse contributes to a campus that ostracizes those individuals. Or they could teach tolerance and acceptance. You know, like that Martin Luther King Jr. fella." As America continues to make progress on racial issues, we need to broaden our understanding of what a black man is and should be. Morehouse's mission, to educate the next generation of African-American leaders, is laudable. But until the school acknowledges that those leaders may be rocking a do-rag or carrying a purse, it won't be fully embracing the diversity it champions.
(Note: This post contains several links that are NSFW and may lead to sexual nightmares.)
On etsy.com, the beloved outpost for creative, kitschy and beautiful handcrafts, every listing includes a link that asks "Got a question about this item?" But there’s no easy answer to "What’s up with the painting of the naked girl with the mittens and being fondled by a bear?" or "Penis in a Jack-o-lantern, WTF?"
For that, there’s regretsy.com. Since its launch last month, regretsy, with its motto, "Handmade? It looks like you made it with your feet," has become a hall of fame for artistic impulses gone oddly awry. And if there’s one theme that’s emerged from day one, it’s that "handcrafted" and "adult content" go together like vulva portraits and pendant charms.
The site has a minimum of commentary, letting the fetus catnip toys do most of the speaking for themselves. And if a recent search of "mature" on etsy itself is an indication, regretsy will be with us for a long, long time.
There’s something almost inspiring knowing that somewhere right now, someone is toiling patiently to sew an "OVERSIZED" vagina on a teddy bear or spray paint a masturbating dinosaur or crochet a "plug rug" tampon cozy. If you can believe in a ribboned, flower-festooned porcelain dildo, you can achieve it.
In this weekend's Washington Post, Robin Givhan considers the outcry over the prevalence of extremely thin models on the runways, and comes up with an interesting conclusion: It wouldn't be a problem if we weren't all so fat.
The argument is more complex than that, of course. “All those emaciated models have to be seen against the backdrop of a population that is overwhelmingly afflicted with obesity,” she writes. And later: “The fatter the general population, the thinner the idealized woman.”
It's true that fashion is about fantasy, and that includes the beauty of the models. They're hired to look better in clothing than most of us ever will. It's also true that beauty changes in response to cultural norms, and that it's always been somewhat unattainable. Victorian women who wore corsets or Medieval women who bled themselves white weren't doing so because they thought all the other women had wasp waists or naturally ghostly skin, but because corsets and paleness both signified a delicate, upper-class femininity. Whatever beauty is, it's never the norm.
Givhan may also be right that “as a culture, we hate what we are becoming: fat.” There's a lot of self-loathing out there. But when she writes that skinniness is a “test of willpower and determination,” or seems to approve of women on "The Biggest Loser" “passing out and throwing up in the gym to become size 8 or 4 or 0,” she ignores the fact that, due to many factors, including the work of people like Broadsheet's Kate Harding and the fact that we know how Photoshop works, people increasingly don't believe that they can look like models if they work hard enough. The backlash isn't always about health or body image, but about wanting a standard of beauty that actually seems semi-attainable. At least you could buy a corset (good luck carrying that Photoshop eraser tool around with you at dinner).
“The culture” isn't insisting on emaciated models and greeting larger ones with hostility; the fashion industry is, and as such, it seems increasingly out of touch with consumer demands. “The culture” is developing new aspirational models, like much-beloved, noticeably not-emaciated Christina Hendricks of "Mad Men." Most of us will never look like her, either. But at least she looks like herself without any computerized assistance. And, for the moment, that's enough.
Last Monday, as we have already covered, DoubleX "Friend or Foe" advice columnist Lucinda Rosenfeld (who, full disclosure, I know socially and professionally) angered her readers -- and the blogosphere -- by telling a letter writer who said she was drugged at a concert and later ended up alone in the emergency room that she could not expect her two “best friends” to come to the hospital while she recovered.
The reaction was white-hot and furious. To say people did not agree with Rosenfeld is to put it mildly. Commentators shared stories of going to the hospital with their friends. “I cabbed her over to the ER and waited for her parents to show up,” one man wrote of a woman he didn’t even know, whom he’d found in her underwear in a stairwell, “and I didn’t even think twice about doing it. AND I AM KIND OF AN ASSHOLE.” The question was not open to debate: Every commenter was a good person who would go to the hospital -- no matter what, no questions, no caveats -- and Lucinda Rosenfeld was a shit. She was also a shit for her blame-the-victim stance, which many felt veered uncomfortably close to the sort of “mentality we’re so used to hearing and striking down when it comes to rape,” as Samantha Henig wrote, in an apology of sorts, posted on DoubleX.
But did Rosenfeld really blame the woman? If yes, what for? Let’s start with the basic premise that if your friend calls you at 4 a.m., you go to the hospital. It's certainly what I believe, and from what Rosenfeld writes, she mostly agrees, too, at least in a dire emergency, though she is a cooler customer than most, who draws a distinction between a near-death situation and comforting a friend in hysterics, especially if that friend is well enough to call and ask you to come comfort her. (How you deny a friend who asks for this, even if you’re already in bed and annoyed with the request, I’m not sure.) So if your friends won’t go to the hospital for you, if they refuse, even when you call sobbing, even when your mother calls, if they show up the next day angry and annoyed, something is wrong. There are three options: There is a problem with them, there is a problem with the friendship or there is a problem with you. Why did this woman’s friends not have what is, if all the comments are to be believed, the instinctive human response?
Rosenfeld faults the friends for not driving the letter writer “all the way home the next morning,” or “following you there to make sure you got through the door on two feet,” but she doesn’t outright call them crappy companions. Partly, of course, this is because she doesn’t believe friends are obligated to provide comfort in the wee hours of the morning, a point of view that is eminently open to criticism, but that’s her view, let’s let her have it. I suspect she also avoided bashing the friends outright because if the girls were categorically bad people, or categorically bad friends, they would have had a different reaction entirely -- they would not have shown up at all -- and the letter writer would presumably not have been close with them in the first place. Instead, the two friends arrived indignant. And so the question arises: How could anyone be infuriated with someone who had just been through such an ordeal?
Rosenfeld theorizes that the pair thought the letter writer was “lying about the mickey.” In fact, they could have been mad at her for any number of reasons -- the letter writer tends toward melodramatic antics, they'd had an argument before they went out, whatever, whatever -- but Rosenfeld hazards a guess based on the information at hand. Hers was a spectacularly tone-deaf guess, true, in its failure to recognize that blaming the woman for an incident like mickey-slipping is behavior so common in our culture that people are sensitive to it, and will sometimes react even when it has not occurred. But what she was trying to figure out is this: “Why were they so unforgiving?” What had pissed them off? “The fact that ‘Drugged’s’ friends were described as ‘angry’ the next morning made me think there might be a back story we weren’t hearing,” Rosenfeld wrote in her apology letter, as readers began calling for her head, "I'm not suggesting that the writer is lying about what happened. But possibly she has asked favors like this more than once in recent years. Otherwise, there is no reasonable explanation for why her close friends would be anything less than sympathetic for what was, by all accounts, an awful night.” There is, of course, another explanation, and in her apology Rosenfeld finally alights on it. “Unless they’re simply nasty people. Which, in turn, begs the question: How did they become ‘Drugged’s’ best friends?” Had Rosenfeld raised this possibility in her first letter -- even if it didn’t seem likely, given how hurt the woman was by their rejection -- she might have saved herself the past week of grief.
If Rosenfeld blamed the letter writer for anything, it was for her friends’ reluctance to retrieve her, for the shaky state of the friendship -- not for being drugged. Blaming her for this is not the same thing as saying she asked for it, as defense attorneys often claim of rape victims. It’s just not. In her first letter, Rosenfeld did write that saying you were slipped a mickey is “sometimes used as a cover for irresponsible behavior.” This is actually true. Rosenfeld doesn’t say the letter writer was slipped a mickey because she was irresponsible, rather that women sometimes claim it to cover for irresponsible behavior. But again, why go there? The friends might have declined to come pick up the writer for any number of reasons; it didn’t have to be that they suspected she was lying about having been drugged. (And if Rosenfeld thought the letter writer was lying about having been drugged, why use the letter at all?)
As it happened, the friends had a reason for their poor showing, and a lame one at that. In a response written by “Advice Seeker” published late Thursday evening the letter writer herself fills us in: “[A]s it turns out, there was one big piece of the puzzle missing that fell into place later -- the explanation for why my friends were angry the next morning. When I was drugged, my friend tells me I ended up dancing with a boy my friend had a crush on.” That’s about as small, selfish, juvenile a reason not to pick up a friend at the hospital as I can think of, but it seems to point to the fact that, again, there may be a deep reservoir of ill will in this friendship, a paucity of trust, for whatever reason. It also reveals that Rosenfeld was right to suspect that there was more to the story.
But she erred by filling in the contours of that story in ways that were speculative and, to many, offensive. Rosenfeld is first and foremost a novelist -- a rather good one, though with a generally dark view of female friendships -- and perhaps this explains her imaginative leap. The job of an advice columnist has traditionally been to give generalized guidance; she (or he) directs her words to one person, but they are dispensed for the masses. The best advice columnists are thus clear, direct, uncompromising, even overly simplified at times. Their job is to reduce ambiguity, not to increase it. (That’s why people solicit their help; the world is an ambiguous place.) There is little room for nuance or relativism, for shades of gray -- if your friends didn’t come meet you, they suck. You might say the advice columnist acts as a final arbiter with an accessibility denied the rest of us to the absolute verities of life. A novelist, on the other hand, must understand human motivation in all its bizarre and glorious and sometimes-perverse complexity. Ambiguity is her métier. She who is a good novelist may be an unorthodox giver of advice.
“If you wanted to know whether I have a history of getting drunk and wandering off (I don’t), or even just getting wasted-drunk (again, I don’t), could you not have emailed me?” the letter writer asks in her wounded response. Rosenfeld could have emailed, I guess. Though to do so would have broken the fourth wall separating advice columnist from advice seeker. Between these two parties there has always been a tacit contract -- pick a letter and answer it based on the information within -- an implicit barrier crossed as infrequently as that between a reviewer and the author of the book she reviews. Of course, one could argue that if Rosenfeld was going to deviate from classical practice by assuming context beyond the letter, why not throw tradition to the wind and fire off an email as well? In the end, Advice Seeker’s reply points out not only that her friends are creeps, but also that the advice column format may be a fossilized form in the age of the Internet. Why not have the columnist and those seeking her pearls of wisdom email or IM back and forth? The columnist could ask clarifying questions. There would be no doubt, in any muddy situation, who was the victim and who was the perpetrator.