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A pilot's story
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Graveyard spiral

Graveyard spiral
Did bad judgment or bad luck doom JFK Jr.?

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By Joan Walsh, Daryl Lindsey and Anthony York

July 20, 1999 | He was reckless. He was henpecked. He risked his own life and the lives of loved ones because of his macho Kennedy arrogance. He was a dutiful brother-in-law who wanted to make sure his wife's sister got shuttled to Martha's Vineyard as promised.

In the days since John F. Kennedy Jr.'s plane disappeared off Cape Cod Friday, there has been no end to speculation about what made him fly that night. The questions are vexing: Why would a novice pilot with an injured foot and a new plane at least partly controlled by foot pedals take off at night in hazy weather, to fly an over-water route to a tiny airport where he had never before landed at night by himself?

The details about why Kennedy flew that night and what caused his plane to crash may never be fully known. The National Transportation and Safety Board says it will be weeks before the plane wreckage is recovered, and it may never be. A full investigation could take up to a year.

But in advance of the investigation, several questions are emerging as crucial:

  • How much training and experience as a pilot did Kennedy have, and was he prepared to fly at night, over water?

  • How bad were conditions over Martha's Vineyard Friday night, and what would it have taken to make the flight safely?

  • How much did Kennedy's foot injury -- he had a cast removed from his broken foot the day before the flight -- compromise his capacity to fly the plane, which was at least partly controlled by foot pedals?

  • Did pressure from his wife force him to take a route he didn't feel qualified to fly?

    This much is known about Kennedy's last flight:

    Kennedy, Carolyn Bessette Kennedy and her sister Lauren Bessette arrived at Essex County Airport near Fairfield, N.J., where Kennedy kept his single-engine Piper Saratoga II plane, at dusk on Friday.

    Kyle Bailey, the New Jersey pilot who is believed to be the last person who saw the trio, was also planning a flight to Martha's Vineyard, but he canceled his plans because of poor visibility. "The weather was very marginal, four to five miles visibility, extremely hazy," Bailey told the Washington Post. "Over open water, you have reduced visibility anyway. With the haze, in the dark, you lose sight of the horizon. You don't have landmarks."

    After loading their baggage and taxiing, the Kennedys' plane departed at 8:38 p.m. from runway 22. The plane made a 180-degree turn toward the northeast. According to radar data, the plane then climbed to 5,600 feet and continued easterly along the coast until it came to Westerly, R.I., at 9:26 p.m. After passing Westerly, Kennedy's plane began its descent toward Martha's Vineyard.

    At 9:40, the plane was about 17 miles from the airport at Martha's Vineyard, and had descended to 2,200 feet, maintaining that altitude for 20 seconds. The last blip on the radar screens at Provincetown, Mass., and Cape Cod approach controls, where the plane was tracked, came 14 seconds later, at an altitude of 1,100 feet. In just 14 seconds, the plane dropped 1,100 feet, compared to the 400-500 feet per minute norm at that stage of landing. Then complete radar silence. No signs of distress. Eerie silence.

    . Next page | "The airplane could be upside down, and passengers would not know"



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