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Barack Obama

Why can't Obama be more like Roosevelt?

The call is sounding for a new jobs-creating WPA. But even FDR would have had trouble getting things done today

In the wake of 10.2 percent unemployment, the usual suspects are calling for more stimulus and even dreaming of a new Works Progress Administration. The subtext: Why can't Obama be more like Roosevelt? People are out of work, so instead of subsidizing car purchases or home ownership, why not just hire them to build the kinds of parks and schools and bridges that made Roosevelt's WPA such a lasting influence on the American landscape?

The politics of then and now are quite different, of course. Roosevelt faced nothing remotely like the intransigence currently being demonstrated by the opposition party. But could there be other constraints? While defending Obama from critics who are directly blaming the president for the current unemployment numbers, Megan McArdle makes an interesting point:

Stimulus is at best an incredibly blunt instrument. And it is made blunter by all of the procedural checks we've accumulated over decades of government growth, not to mention very powerful public sector unions. FDR could tell his government to go out and hire people to paint hallways or build dams. The current president needs Environmental Impact Statements, public review periods, and the okay of AFSCME.

McArdle is onto something. Consider the city of Berkeley, which is dotted with amazing relics of the New Deal, for instance, the lovely Codornices Rose Garden, an amphitheater of roses carved into the Berkeley hills by WPA workers. If a similar project was conceived today, it is impossible to imagine its progress occurring at anything even approaching a snail's pace. In addition to a no doubt hotly-contested Environmental Impact Statement, there would be massive NIMBY-ism from the local hill-dwellers, protests against the displacement of indigenous plants and animals from a motley crew of activists, and endless City Council meetings debating the merits of every aspect of the new project until the wee hours. Just getting new bike lanes in San Francisco has required a titanic -- and highly litigated -- struggle over the last half-decade. To pull off something on the scale of the WPA, which hired millions of workers to build thousands of schools and bridges and parks all over the country, would require battling "procedural checks" of gargantuan proportions.

Which is not to say that we should do away with impact statements or public review or protest. Making it difficult to remake the landscape has its drawbacks, but also serves to protect our landscape from being remade willy-nilly by the best connected developer or empire-building corporation. In China, the government can get things done fast, but in China, the farmer on the outskirts of Shanghai doesn't have much power to do anything but accede to the authorities when Disney and the Party decide to build a new theme park. Over the centuries in the U.S. a baffling encrustration of contraints has limited the power of the government and the private sector to accomplish their will... but not necessarily for ill.

Obama is not Roosevelt in part because, well, he's not Roosevelt, but also because the times (in addition to the Senate) will not let him be Roosevelt.

It doesn't pay to be polite

8. President Obama bowed to a foreign leader. The United States of America was never the same
AP
President Obama bows as he is greeted by Japanese Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko in November.

It could have been a controversial moment: the president of the United States, bowing to a foreign leader. Was the commander in chief showing weakness -- or worse, fealty to some power besides the one that stands tall for baseball, Mom and apple pie?

Except that it happened in 1971, and the president involved was Richard Nixon (shown here bowing to then-Japanese Emperor Hirohito). Of course, Nixon would wind up being accused of plenty of un-American activities, but most of them involved blithely disregarding the Constitution. Yet somehow this year, when President Obama met with foreign leaders, right-wing commentators and the media alike seized on a couple of bows as if Obama had torn up his passport live on television.

"Barack Takes a Bow: The President Shows Fealty to a Muslim King," the Washington Times editorial page sneered in April, after Obama appeared to bend down when greeting Saudi King Abdullah at the G-20 summit in London. "Symbolism is important in world affairs," the paper declaimed. "By bending over to show greater respect to Islam, the U.S. president belittled the power and independence of the United States." When Obama bowed again in November, to Japanese Emperor Akihito, more of the same followed. Outraged patriots everywhere reacted badly. Americans simply don't bow to foreigners, the theory went, and especially not presidents.

"This president seems quite willing to embrace weakness as a position for the United States," Fox News' Brit Hume said on the network's "Fox News Sunday" in November. "I mean, the bowing and scraping that we see -- Saudi Arabia we saw it. We saw it on this trip in Japan. These kind of gestures -- they wouldn't mean anything if they didn't seem to be of a piece with the general approach that the president has taken."

The problem with that line of attack is that it's easier to list the presidents who have bowed to foreign leaders than to list the ones who haven't. Besides Nixon, there's also Bill Clinton, who drew mild mocking, but not the full outrage treatment, for bowing to Akihito in 1994. His predecessor, George H.W. Bush, bowed to Hirohito's body while attending his funeral in 1989. Dwight Eisenhower appears to have been unable to resist bowing to almost anyone he met -- one liberal blog compiled a photo montage showing Eisenhower bending at the waist before a pope, the wife of an Italian prime minister, a Greek Orthodox primate, and French President Charles de Gaulle. And despite the huffing and puffing from the right, the ban on American presidents bowing that they all kept citing doesn't actually seem to exist. Even Fox News had to admit the bows "may not have violated any official protocol."

So while it's true that Obama did bow to a couple of foreigners, this still counts as one of the year's bogus stories because there's just no story. Plenty of presidents have done the same thing. There seem to be new rules for this one.

Dog bites man!

2. The first few times the torture-loving former V.P. smeared Obama, it was news. After that, it was propaganda
CBS

It was news when Vice President Dick Cheney came out of his bunker to blast Barack Obama before he was even inaugurated as president. There was Cheney, on PBS Jan. 14, insisting Obama would "put the nation at risk" if he kept his promise to discontinue Bush-Cheney interrogation/torture policies. Never in modern history had a sitting vice-president attacked a new administration so harshly before it even got started. But the interview made headlines, deservedly. "NewsHour" anchor Jim Lehrer asked tough questions and got interesting answers. It was good journalism.

Less than a month later, Politico went back to Cheney, and the former V.P. made similar shrill allegations. He blasted Obama for pledging to close Guantánamo prison, and distorted Obama's position: "When we get people who are more concerned about reading the rights to an al-Qaida terrorist than they are with protecting the United States against people who are absolutely committed to do anything they can to kill Americans, then I worry," Cheney said. On March 15, Cheney raised the alarm level with CNN's John King. "President Obama campaigned against it all across the country, and now he is making some choices that, in my mind, will, in fact, raise the risk to the American people of another attack."

OK, got it. Cheney's regime was repudiated by Obama and the American people, Cheney's not happy about it, he makes hysterical accusations; next story. Three months, three crazy charges. But Cheney kept popping out of his hole and repeating his rants, and it started to seem like "Groundhog Day": New morning, same story, the alarm goes off and Cheney's still singing. But the coverage didn't stop. Some of it was from right-wing outlets: Sean Hannity in April, radio talker Scott Hennen in May.

Also in May there was a CBS "Face the Nation" interview and a speech to the conservative American Enterprise Institute. All of Cheney's specious, tedious attacks got covered widely, as though they were news, when they were not.

The silliness continued all year, with Cheney making headlines for the same charges (as well as an idiotic attack on Obama for bowing, ignoring the bow his old boss Richard Nixon gave to then-Japanese Emperor Hirohito). But this bogus story reached its low point Dec. 1, with yet another breathless Politico interview: "Dick Cheney slams President Obama for projecting 'weakness'" – on the eve of Obama's speech announcing an escalation in Afghanistan. Back in the day, Cheney and friends would have called that kind of criticism traitorous, especially at such a crucial time. But Politico just transcribed Cheney's rant and ran it as its top story.

A lot of liberals blast Politico for carrying the GOP's water, and its symbiosis with the Drudge Report seems beyond dispute. To be fair, it also breaks some news. So it was sad to see top editors John Harris and Jim Vandehei serving as Cheney's stenographers on one of the most bogus stories of the year. They have the resources to do better; let's hope they do in 2010.

Candidate flip, president flop

Obama crushes a medication policy he'd vowed to endorse. Such bogus election-year promises undermine democracy
AP
President Obama speaks about healthcare reform Tuesday. With him, from left, are, Sens. Christopher Dodd, D-Conn., Max Baucus, D-Mont., and Harry Reid, D-Nev.

Every now and then, an insider inadvertently exposes the hideous rationalizations that run the American political grotesquerie. The best known of these statements are memorialized on TV as "gaffes." But the ones that never become famous tend to reveal the ugliest assumptions of all.

Case in point is the comment the pharmaceutical industry recently let fly in the Washington Post. The newspaper this week examined how the Obama administration crushed legislation that would have allowed Americans to purchase lower-priced FDA-approved medicines from abroad -- legislation that President Obama promised to support as a presidential candidate; legislation that would have reduced drug profiteering and saved the government and consumers $100 billion.

"It's about being a candidate as opposed to being president," said the drug industry's top lobbyist in defense of Obama's flip-flop.

This explanation is common among politicos -- we last heard it when the New York Times' John Harwood quoted an administration aide attacking those demanding Obama fulfill his campaign pledges. Disenchanted activists, said the White House, "need to take off [their] pajamas, get dressed and realize that governing a closely divided country is complicated."

These "candidate vs. president" idioms are standard among Beltway elites who belong to what New York University's Jay Rosen calls "the Church of the Savvy." Their catechism says that anyone demanding a president deliver on campaign promises is naive because, allegedly, there is an inherent difference between what a candidate can tell voters and what that candidate can support as president. Those rejecting this "savvy" interpretation are therefore lambasted as petulant children who refuse to "take off their pajamas" and "get dressed."

It's a canard, of course -- one sculpted to excuse selling out. And there are two huge problems with it.

First, ignoring presidents' broken promises defiles our republican democracy. In America, we only get to choose presidents every four years, meaning we must rely on campaign promises as metrics for electoral choices. But if the entire idea of the campaign promise becomes an assumed joke, then we have no metrics by which to elect leaders.

Second, an obvious but taboo truth: There are almost no substantive reasons candidates cannot champion their election-year promises once in office. These pledges are made through deliberative processes. Candidates shouldn't make them if they're not serious about follow-through -- and it's not unreasonable to ask officeholders to at least try to honor the campaign commitments that informed voters' electoral decisions. That's especially true on something like drug importation, whose opposition is about enlarging profits, not, as Obama aides argue, about protecting consumer safety.

Drug companies already manufacture medicines in the developing world so as to evade U.S. labor, environmental and safety regulations. They then legally import those products for sale to Americans at inflated prices. The new bill would have merely let wholesalers, not just manufacturers, import medicines -- but at the lower prices the manufacturers concurrently sell those medicines abroad. Such wholesale importation is permitted throughout Europe and the rest of the industrialized world. So two questions: If the administration actually believes importation is unsafe, why isn't it banning current drug imports? And if the administration specifically insists wholesale importation is unsafe, then where are all the dead Europeans?

Certainly, some "candidate vs. president" differences might justify rare instances of dishonesty. A president might momentarily dissemble to, say, protect soldiers on the battlefield.

But fibbing for the public good is different than breaking promises for private gain. In the latter cases, "candidate vs. president" apologias are non sequiturs. They justify nothing -- and they clearly do not rationalize an importation U-turn by Obama designed only to protect a drug cartel.

That kind of power-coddling reversal insults voters, and absolving such an insult isn't savvy -- it betrays our nation's founding principles.

Happy holidays from the banks

Obama stands by as Wall Street lives it up and the rest of America struggles
AP/Marcio Jose Sanchez
Homeowners get help from counselors at the Cow Palace in Daly City, Calif., on Oct. 16.

Never mind President Obama's audacity of hope. It's the audacity of the banks that takes your breath away. Mean old Mr. Potter in "It's a Wonderful Life" seems like Father Christmas by comparison.

A recent report that Citigroup and Goldman Sachs may have received preferential treatment getting doses of the swine flu vaccine was enough to give Ebenezer Scrooge the yips. Then came news that in order for us to get back the taxpayer bailout money we loaned it, Citigroup is receiving billions of dollars in tax breaks from the IRS.

And there's a new study this week, "Rewarding Failure," from the public interest group Public Citizen, revealing that in the years leading up to the financial meltdown, the CEOs of the 10 Wall Street giants that either collapsed or got huge amounts of TARP money were paid an average of $28.9 million dollars a year.

In 2007, that amounted to 575 times the median income of an American family. Now, thanks in part to the banks' monumental malfeasance that led to our economic swan dive, food stamps are now being used to feed one in eight Americans and a quarter of all the kids in this country. A new poll from the New York Times and CBS News reports that more than half of our unemployed have borrowed money from friends and relatives and have cut back on medical treatments. The Times wrote, "Joblessness has wreaked financial and emotional havoc on the lives of many of those out of work ... causing major life changes, mental health issues and trouble maintaining even basic necessities."

Yet according to the nonprofit Americans for Financial Reform, the reported $150 billion that Wall Street is paying itself in compensation and bonuses this year would be enough to solve the budget crisis of every one of the 50 states or create millions of jobs or prevent all foreclosures for four years.

All of this wretched excess is occurring as more and more people can't afford a roof over their heads. Foreclosures were up another 5 percent in the third quarter -- 23 percent more than a year ago. Fewer Americans are willing to buy foreclosed properties, and the Obama administration's foreclosure prevention plan has been a bust so far -- way too timid, critics say, and many of the banks won't play ball, refusing to negotiate in good faith with homeowners desperate to hold on.

We got a firsthand look at the crisis this week when thousands lined up at the Jacob Javits Convention Center just a few blocks from our Manhattan offices to attend a mortgage assistance event sponsored by the nonprofit Neighborhood Assistance Corporation of America (NACA). So many showed up for this leg of the "Save the Dream Tour" that on many days, staff and volunteers stayed to help until 1 in the morning.

NACA has had success getting homeowners and banks together to work out a deal to prevent foreclosure. But the big banks' return to the government of the TARP bailout money with which we underwrote them over the last 14 months is a mixed blessing -- great to have the cash returned so quickly, terrible because any leverage Washington held over the banks because of the loans virtually vanishes with the payback. They're back in the saddle and not inclined to be of much assistance helping anyone else out, especially those in mortgage trouble.

As Andrew Ross Sorkin of the New York Times wrote in the wake of Obama's Monday meeting with Wall Street's top guns (three of whom failed to show up because of airport delays)

Executive compensation, leverage limits and lending standards were all issues that Washington said it planned to change -- and when the taxpayers were the shareholders of these firms, it probably could have done so. But now the White House has been left in the position of extending invitations, rather than exercising its clout. And in the figurative and literal sense, it is getting stood up.

Afterward, Obama said, "The problem is there's a big gap between what I'm hearing here in the White House and the activities of lobbyists on behalf of these institutions or associations of which they're a member up on Capitol Hill."

That's putting it mildly. This week, the American Bankers Association sent out an update and "call to action" memorandum crowing over its success in watering down the bank reform bill that was approved by the House and urging its members to beat back similar legislation in the Senate. Self-righteously, it concludes, "As one of your New Year's resolutions, please vow to do everything in your power to show, and to have your colleagues in your bank show, your Senators the right path to true reform."

It helps when the right path is paved with silver and gold. As "Crossing Wall Street," a November report from the Center for Responsive Politics, notes:

The finance, insurance and real estate sector has given $2.3 billion to candidates, leadership PACs and party committees since 1989, which eclipses every other sector ...

The financial sector has also been a voracious lobbying force, spending an unprecedented $3.8 billion since 1998, while sending an army of lobbyists to Capitol Hill to make its case. That's more money than any other sector has spent on influence peddling. Not even the healthcare sector, which spun up a lobbying frenzy this year over health reform, has spent more.

The banks are making a list and checking it twice. And we shouldn't forget that during his run for the White House, the finance sector filled Obama's stocking with $39.5 million worth of campaign contributions, more than for any other presidential candidate.

God bless us, every one!

Research support provided by "Bill Moyers Journal" producer William Brangham and associate producer Katia Maguire.

The White House is friendly to its enemies, patronizing to its friends

The president's base won't easily forget being talked down to
This column originally appeared at the blog Dissenting Justice.
Reuters/Larry Downing
U.S. President Barack Obama leaves after speaking about healthcare reform in the press briefing room at the White House

The New York Times has now covered an issue that many liberal bloggers have discussed for several days -- the White House's anger directed toward progressives who oppose the Senate healthcare bill. Several liberals have criticized the bill because it does not include a public plan option or a Medicare buy-in.

Many Democrats -- including President Obama -- previously argued that such measures, particularly the public plan, could provide competition for insurers and reduce the cost of insurance premiums. Indeed, one of the strongest arguments in support of a universal mandate -- which the bill contains -- is that the public plan would reduce costs and make insurance affordable for the uninsured.

Under orders from the White House, Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid deleted the public plan and Medicare buy-in from the healthcare bill. This move has angered liberals, who rightfully point out that Obama is betraying promises from his own very recent presidential campaign. Howard Dean, a medical doctor and former head of the Democratic National Committee, has advocated that senators "kill" the bill and craft a new measure that offers "real reform." Furthermore, Senator Bernie Sanders, who actually prefers a single-payer system, announced yesterday that he was not committed to voting for the legislation in its present format.

As I have already written, White House officials have moved to attack and discredit liberals who oppose the Senate bill. White House Press Secretary Robert Gibbs, for example, said that Dean was acting irrationally. Also, White House Senior Advisor David Axelrod said that liberal opponents of the Senate bill are "insane." The White House response has only enhanced anger among liberals.

Axelrod conducted a conference call with liberal bloggers on Wednesday, and he faced numerous questions regarding the White House response to progressive opponents of the Senate bill. One blogger asked Axelrod whether the White House would respond with similar anger to Ben Nelson, the moderate Democrat who also announced his opposition to the Senate bill because he wants tougher provisions related the delivery of abortion services. According to The Nation, during the conference call, Axelrod tried to back away from the harshness of his previous comments regarding liberals:

"I'm not professionally qualified to judge insanity and maybe I should have used a different word," Axelrod said, and he noted that "everybody's a little on edge at this point" in the long legislative battle. He also stressed his respect for allies in the "progressive community," but reiterated his view that it would be "wrongheaded" to squash all of health care reform at this point, which is "infinitely better" than the status quo.

My take: I suspect that liberals will remain disappointed. The White House did not describe Lieberman, Mary Landrieu or Bill Nelson as "insane" or "irrational" when they threatened to vote against or filibuster the proposed legislation. Instead, the White House moved to appease them.

Liberal activists, many of whom worked to elect Obama, feel betrayed by the White House's angry response to their legitimate complaints. Furthermore, this is not the first time liberals have felt let down by the White House. On issues as diverse as gay rights and the Afghanistan War, liberals believe that President Obama has not taken their interests into account or that he has moved away from his campaign promises. These types of feelings do not vanish easily.

The Great Recession

Obama's invoked the FDR analogy in a much more direct, rhetorical way

As I noted in a previous post today, in response to news of the House's passage of the $174B jobs bill, President Barack Obama used the term "Great Recession." Maybe I have a tin ear, but that was the first time I noticed him using that specific phrase.

Obviously, there was plenty of "worst economic crisis since the Great Depression" usage both during the campaign and even after Obama and Vice President Joe Biden took office. That line seemed to be used at some point in almost every campaign speech--and with cause.

But "Great Recession" is a different semantically, is it not?

For one, the usage not merely invokes directly, but ryhmes with and includes the capitalization of, "Great Depression." (The White House release yesterday capitalized it, making it not merely an adjective-noun combination, but a proper noun.) And, of course, as a rhetorical device it analogizes the magnitude of our present situation to that of the 1930s and 1940s.

In any event, if you do a google search of the White House website for "great recession," there are 14 mentions or references to the term during 9 separate public statements from four different persons: Press Secretary Robert Gibbs, who made first mention back on July 29; White House senior adviser Robert Gibbs; Obama; and, more than any of those three combined, Biden.

Here, as best I can tell (and with thanks to fantastic work by Salon intern Emily Holleman) is the chronology:

July 29, Press Secretary Robert Gibbs:

“We all have watched and we've all heard and read stories -- some of which you all have written -- where the discussion wasn't whether or not we were improving of what have you, but how far -- how much further we could fall; could we go off the edge of that cliff into what some are calling the Great Recession, or as some were betting that we could fall into a depression.” (Press gaggle, Air Force One en route to Bristol, Virginia)

September 3, Vice President Joe Biden:

“President Obama and I, when we entered office, we were in the midst of what I refer to as the Great Recession.” (Remarks on the 200 Days of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, Brookings Institute, Washington, DC)

September 22, Biden:

“And even in Michigan, which is being battered now as a consequence of this Great Recession, and Michigan, which was the best--where there was only a 37 percent gap between premium and wages is actually the smallest -- but still a 37 percent gap.” And later: “During this Great Recession, when inflation actually fell .7 percent. Inflation fell .7 percent, and premiums increased 5.5 percent.” (Address to National Association of Insurance Commissioners, Gaylord National Hotel and Convention Center, National Harbor, Maryland)

September 27, President Barack Obama:

“Our entire financial system was poised on the brink of collapse with many fearing that what has been called the Great Recession would become another Great Depression.” (Address to Congressional Black Caucus Foundation's Annual Phoenix Awards Dinner, Walter E. Washington Convention Center, Washington, DC)

October 2, Biden:

“We will recover. And we're determined that when we do, the middle class is in a better position coming out of this than when it went into this Great Recession.” (Remarks on Unemployment Numbers, White House, Roosevelt Room, The White House)

October 30, Biden:

“[The President] termed the Recovery Act the beginning of the end of the Great Recession that we faced. And we called it a Great Recession not to engage in hyperbole; it's the worst recession America has ever faced short of a depression. So unfortunately, it was the greatest--meaning worst-recession we've had in modern American history, short of a depression.” And later: "The reason we're here today is to meet the commitment I made to you all when the President put me in charge of this, to assure the American people that this unprecedented investment in the midst of this Great Recession would be totallytransparent, and we would be accountable for every penny we sent out there; and also to let you know in the first quarter of the reporting, the first report that we're making--and we're going to make subsequent reports--that we in fact --what the progress has been, what has been the consequence of the investment made so far." And later still: "Even if we did not have this Great Recession, we should be investing in this infrastructure." (Vice President "Reports over 1 Million Jobs Created", Washington, DC)

November 9, Biden:

“We want to come out of this Great Recession, and we will come out of it, we will come out if strong, but we want to come out of it with the middle class positioned better in the new economy then [sic] they went in.” (Discussion on Middle Class Families, Center for American Progress, Washington, DC)

November 11, White House senior adviser David Axelrod:

“Asia represents a great emerging market for American products and as we rebuild our economy from this great recession, one of the things that’s going to power it is expanded markets for American products.” (“Axelrod Previews President's Arrival in Singapore,” aboard Air Force One en route to Singapore)

December 16, Obama:

“All over our country this holiday season, Americans who lost their jobs in the Great Recession are looking for work.” (Statement on House Passage of Jobs Bill)

Perhaps I'm making mountains of rhetorical molehills here. But nobody disputes that the term Great Depression is a proper noun. Whether we are in fact living through the Great Recession or not is, I suppose, an arguable proposition. In fact, we won't know until it's over just how "great"--meaning bad, as the VPOTUS might say--it is.

Speaking of Biden, he seems to be particularly fond of dropping the GR. Five of the nine speeches in which it was used belong to him, as do 10 of the 14 total mentions. I presume these are prepared remarks, but I'm not sure; the VPOTUS could be freelancing a bit here.

The White House messengers are correct when they said "Great Recession" is a term used by others first, and thus not of their own making. Back in March, Catherine Rampell conducted an etymological inquiry. She found that the term was used sparingly throughout 2008 but mentions ramped up in early 2009.

In that regard, you could say the White House has been slow and sparing in adopting the term. But this fall the White House--or Joe Biden, at least--seems to be warming to it.

Page 1 of 391 in Barack Obama Earliest ⇒

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