Liberalism

David Brock's new liberal friends

THE MAN WHO TURNED HIS BACK ON CONSERVATISM WILL DO OR SAY ANYTHING TO BE FAMOUS.

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David Brock is famous once again. In the April Esquire, and in
countless television interviews, the slayer of Anita Hill, the outer of
“Paula,” the relentless scourge of sanctimonious liberals goes down on his
knees to plant an unlikely kiss on the presidential posterior. In an “Open
Letter to Bill Clinton,” Brock apologizes to the president for not having
been interested in good government when he wrote the story of the
ex-governor’s alleged sexcapades in Arkansas and the state troopers’
allegations they were used to pimp his scores. The story, which Brock
modestly claims is the true origin of the present presidential crisis, was
motivated by a more primitive ambition. “I wanted to pop you right between
the eyes,” he now says.

This is but the latest chapter in Brock’s odyssey from right to left.
Chapter 1 appeared in the July 1997 Esquire, under the headline “I Was A
Right-Wing Hit Man.” Accompanying the article was a staged photo of Brock
tied to a tree, one nipple seductively exposed. The editors didn’t say
whether he was waiting to be shot, or to nurse.

“Writer Tells Truth, Conservatives Can’t Handle It” is the way Brock would
like to spin the story of his exit from the political right. He has already
been hailed by hit men of the left, like Slate’s Jacob Weisberg.
Weisberg followed Brock’s mea culpa with an obituary for
conservatives titled “The Conintern: Republican Thought Police.” Here, a
theme only suggested by Brock — that conservatives have become the very
enemy they despise — is presented as a foregone conclusion by the enemy
himself.

As in all such capers, however, there is the “story” and there is the real
story.

David Brock first made a name for himself as the only reporter who bothered
to track down the details of Anita Hill’s life and career, while the rest
of the journalistic community lazily accepted her own heroic version of
self. In “The Real Anita Hill,” he gathered enough evidence to blow a
barn-sized hole through the principal claims that had made Hill’s case
against Clarence Thomas seem credible — that she had no ulterior agenda in
pressing her charges; that she was a put-upon, apolitical (and even
conservative) victim; and that she was too shy, too timid or too
unsophisticated to have pressed sexual harassment charges when the
incidents allegedly took place, 10 years in the past.

Brock showed the reality to be quite different. Hill was, in fact, an
ambitious and aggressive climber, fashionably steeped in left-wing
feminism, with a penchant for lying when faced with adversity. Asked to
leave her first Washington legal job for reasons of incompetence, she found
refuge in the leftist victimology she had picked up at Yale. Ironically, it
was by claiming she had been sexually harassed at Wald, Harkrader and Ross
that she originally won the sympathy of Clarence Thomas, who generously
gave her a job in his Civil Rights Commission office. Brock also
convincingly established a pattern of petty ambition and spiteful revenge
that served to explain Hill’s otherwise inexplicable behavior before,
during and after her celebrated performance in front of the Senate
Judiciary Committee in opposition to Thomas’ nomination to the Supreme
Court.

For his efforts, Brock was pilloried mercilessly in the liberal press. In a
typically overheated attack, New York Times columnist Anthony Lewis
characterized the book as “sleaze with footnotes,” only to confess
privately afterwards that he had “breezed hastily” through it before
writing his condemnation. Brock was contemptuously dismissed as “not only
a sleazebag but the occasion in others for sleazebaggery” by Garry Wills,
who, like other liberal writers, didn’t appear troubled by the ransacking of
Thomas’ garbage, video-rental lists and divorce papers and the highly
questionable nature of the 10-year-old charge that no one outside of Hill
could corroborate. In another gutter attack, Frank Rich of the New
York Times accused Brock of hating the entire female sex, while not so
subtly outing him as a homosexual in the process.

In the event, Brock’s outing had no adverse effect on his reputation in
conservative circles. On the contrary, his star kept rising as a hero who
had single-handedly accomplished what a decent, nonpartisan press should
have done in the first place — check out the story of a
character assassin. When Brock followed his coup by interviewing the
Arkansas troopers who told of moonlighting as panderers for the governor in
Little Rock, his stock among conservatives soared even higher.

At this juncture, New York’s only (!) conservative publisher, Free Press,
offered Brock a $1 million advance to do an investigation of the career of
Hillary Clinton. Given what already was known about Hillary’s extraordinary
luck in the commodity markets, obstructions of justice blatant enough to
make Nixon’s transgressions look tame and a rumored liaison with Vince
Foster, expectations about a Brock investigation were predictably high. A
first printing of 200,000 copies was announced. Newsweek arranged
to run an excerpt and a major book tour was planned.

But somewhere along the way Brock lost his journalistic bearings. When the
book was finally delivered, none of the expected goods came with it. The
response at Newsweek was typical: “The editors are in tears that you don’t
have Hillary in bed with Vince, or at least someone,” was the message Free
Press relayed to him, along with the news that Newsweek would pass on the
excerpt. Not only did Brock not have anything new to reveal, his account of
the old was something less than incisive. So disappointing was his version
of Hillary’s Whitewater dealings, in fact, that James B. Stewart chided him
in the New York Times for bending over backwards to defend the first lady
on points that were indefensible.

As the rest of the media became aware that Brock had failed to deliver,
network appearances and scheduled interviews were canceled. The book tour
was aborted before it started, and the stacks of books from the 200,000
first printing, piled high in Barnes & Noble and other chains, were pasted
with “50 percent off” stickers. The “Seduction of Hillary Rodham” was remaindered
almost before it was even published, and the publisher was looking at a
total loss.

Brock had violated the most elementary principle of bestseller marketing:
Don’t defeat the expectations you raise. Fans of Brock, who expected an
exposé, felt let down by his kid glove treatment of a woman they despised.
Fans of Hillary Clinton, who despised Brock for exposing Hill, couldn’t care
less that he was now willing to give another feminist icon a break. Neither
audience bought the book.

But Brock was surprised. He concluded that conservatives were out to punish
him because he had “told the truth.” He was disinvited to parties. He was
no longer a hero. Conservatives, as he put it, could not forgive him for
being “somewhat sympathetic” to Hillary. This version of events is written
all over the anecdote with which Brock opens his kiss-off to conservatives
in the current Esquire. Brock tells how he was disinvited to an
A-list party of Washington conservatives and congressional staffers. “Given
what’s happened,” Brock quotes a voice-mail message the hostess left him,
“I don’t think you’d be comfortable at the party.” The impression left is
that because Brock was soft on Hillary he was no longer welcome among
conservatives who had once been his best friends.

What Brock withholds from the reader is that the anger directed at him came
from congressional staffers who had helped him on the understanding that he
would not reveal his sources. Brock had reneged on the agreement and blown
their cover. In other words, it was the betrayal of confidences and friends
rather than party lines that was at the heart of the matter.

Brock is apparently incapable of confronting shortcomings for which he has
only himself to blame. Egged on by promptings of the grandiose self, he has
transformed his personal screwups into an epic case. “The age of reporting
is dead,” he writes as though his was the story of a William Randolph
Hearst or a Rupert Murdoch, who could resonate with the Zeitgeist itself.
And then: “There is no ‘liberal movement’ to which [liberal] journalists
are attached and by which they can be blackballed in the sense that there
is a self-identified, hardwired conservative movement that can function as
a kind of neo-Stalinist thought police that rivals anything I knew at
Berkeley.”

This from a man whose conservative publisher accepted his final manuscript
(“With my publishers blessing, I was faithful to my reporting,” Brock
writes without noticing the contradiction) and put out 200,000 copies of a
book that didn’t sell, adding hundreds of thousands to the already
million-dollar loss. And this, from a man who (at the time his Esquire
article was published) had a half-million-dollar contract with the American
Spectator. In fact, the managing editor of the Spectator, Wlady
Plesczynski, had passionately defended Brock’s book to this very writer at
a “Dark Ages Weekend,” the big conservative New Year’s bash to which the
supposedly ostracized Brock was an invited panelist. Of course, as the
crotchety author of a big flop, Brock was no longer quite the star he had
once been, and his reception was probably less deferential than his
amour propre deemed appropriate. And when Brock’s contract with the
Spectator was canceled, it wasn’t because he had fallen out of
conservative favor, it was because he had failed to deliver the number of
articles called for in the contract.

Brock’s problem is not conservatism, it is narcissism. But now it is
politics as well. In the Esquire article, Brock declares his independence
from the right, even as he reaffirms his conservative views. Apparently,
he thinks he can be a free-floating journalist sans partisan baggage,
accepted as a writer for the liberal media. Well, good luck with your new
liberal friends, David.

Salon has already weighed in with a piece by David Futrelle with the predictable liberal response: You were a sleazebag then,
and you’re a sleazebag now. Jacob Weisberg in Slate goes a giant step
further, tarring all conservatism with the Brock brush: “The party where
humorless thought police work to enforce a rigid ideological discipline
isn’t made up of Democrats. It comprises Republicans … Brock portrays a
political subculture in which loyalty to the cause means everything, truth
very little.”
Such a thing couldn’t possibly happen in his political circle.
“The treatment of Brock has no parallel among liberals,” Weisberg writes.

Really? Peter Collier and I were bestselling authors, once editors of the
largest magazine of the left, and sought-after writers by liberal magazines
– until we strayed from the party line that Weisberg pretends doesn’t
exist. In my own case, it took more than 10 years before an invitation
came to write for a non-conservative magazine again. Ronald Radosh was
literally banned from writing on the subject of Nicaragua while still a
masthead editor of Dissent. The ban was triggered by his political
incorrectness on the issue and imposed by the magazine’s founder and icon
of democratic socialism, Irving Howe.

As for the conservative lock-step, what a hoot. In the last six months,
Arianna Huffington has attacked every conservative leader Weisberg could
name, without noticeably diminishing her invitations to parties or service
on the boards of conservative think tanks. Bill Kristol is regularly
slammed by Republican leaders and Pat Buchanan was labeled a “fascist” by
both the American Spectator and Bill Bennett without diminishing his
presence at conservative conferences. Newt Gingrich has been viciously
caricatured on the covers of National Review and the Weekly Standard, which
announced his “meltdown” and ran an article pillorying him as “Political
Road Kill.” Washington Post media critic Howard Kurtz, in a survey of the
Brock affair, managed to get three major conservative journalists — Robert
Novak, William Safire and Bill Kristol — to complain on the record, in the
liberal press, about other conservatives. So much for Weisberg’s
“Conintern.”

As a former partisan of the left, I can testify to how exhilarating it is
to breathe free in the conservative intellectual air. Today, in the pages
of magazines that Weisberg describes as under neo-Stalinist party discipline, conservatives war over immigration, abortion,
drug policy, homosexuality, openings to China, the place of religion, the
credibility of supply-side economics and the sanity of Jude Wanniski and
Jack Kemp.

By contrast, liberals war over how to position themselves to get elected.
How many serious clashes of values are there in liberal ranks? Are there
liberals who view the ending of welfare as a positive good, who would like
to see the non-defense budget drastically cut, who want to reduce the
capital gains tax to zero? Consider a more volatile issue like affirmative
action. Anyone who inquires quickly learns that there are many, many
deeply troubled liberal consciences afraid to express themselves publicly.
Is there a single prominent liberal who has dared to remain publicly
faithful to the civil rights principle enunciated by Martin Luther King
Jr., or who has had the courage to denounce racial preferences in the ’90s
in the same moral voice that liberals used to denounce racial preferences
in the ’60s? If so, I certainly missed it.

Let’s talk about the thought police. Two liberal reporters, Jane Mayer and
Jill Abramson, followed “The Real Anita Hill” with a counter-volume about
Clarence Thomas called “Strange Justice.” The book was an unending sordid
personal attack on the only Supreme Court justice who is also an African-American, a man who rose against extreme odds of poverty and racial
oppression to achieve high office. The only blemish in his entire public
career (how many liberal public figures can say that?) is the result of an
unproven libel about alleged events in a distant past, coming from an
embittered, unreliable and partisan source whose gripings never should have
been given a public platform in the first place.

“Strange Justice” was promoted and celebrated by the same shameless chorus
that prevented Brock’s own investigation from being taken seriously outside
the conservative ghetto. Was there a single liberal journalist or reviewer
who broke ranks to condemn the atrocity the left committed on the public
figure of Clarence Thomas and deplore the character assassination of an
extraordinary African-American?

On the other hand, when Ruth Bader Ginsburg, a longtime ideological leader
of the feminist left, was nominated to the Supreme Court, did
any conservative journalist rummage through Ginsburg’s garbage and
personal records in order to smear and taint her, as liberals did to
Thomas? Did conservatives mount any effort to destroy her ability to be a
role model to women, in the way liberals tried to destroy Clarence Thomas’
public persona and keep him from becoming an inspiration to his community?

Meanwhile, David Brock has dropped his bid to become a truly independent
journalist and moved on to the greener pastures of the conservative-bashing
press corps. He claims that he has seen the light, and in particular that
“if sexual witch-hunts become the way to win in politics, if they become
our politics altogether, we can and will destroy everyone in public life.”
Sounds like he’s been taking spin lessons from Sidney Blumenthal, the genie
behind Hillary’s “vast right-wing conspiracy” and inspiration of various
hit pieces against the staff of Special Prosecutor Kenneth Starr.

David Horowitz is a conservative writer and activist.

Is Bill Gates a closet liberal?

The money trail of his philanthropy suggests some clues to the political leanings of Microsoft's founder.

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In 1997, Bill Gates contributed $35,000 in support of a Washington state ballot initiative supporting gun control. In 1993, he ponied up $80,000 to fight a conservative initiative seeking to roll back state taxes. And ever since 1994, the William H. Gates III Foundation, Bill’s private philanthropic funnel, has been busy channeling millions to groups that specialize in “reproductive health and family planning.”

Gates is far from the first plutocrat to turn his attention to social welfare — the tradition goes back at least as far as Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller. But Bill Gates has always enjoyed a singularly apolitical reputation. Unlike the dynamo tycoons of yesteryear, Gates is a cipher, a platitude-spouting uber-entrepreneur who is indistinguishable, in the public eye, from his alter ego — the formidable, and rapacious, Microsoft corporation.

Indeed, given Gates’ current obsession with prying the Department of Justice off of his corporate back, one might assume that if the man has any political sympathies, they would most likely be of the techno-libertarian bent. Certainly, his struggle with the federal government has been adopted as a cause cilhbre by many Net-based libertarians.

But for once let’s try to separate the man from the Microsoft. Look at the personal checkbook record: pro taxes, pro birth control, against guns. The evidence is clear — Bill Gates is a bleeding heart do-gooder liberal.

Of course, you’ll never hear him say so, nor are you likely to find any of the recipients of his largesse eager to utter the dreaded L-word. His own father, Bill Gates Sr., who administers the approximately $300 million William H. Gates III Foundation, summed up the situation most succinctly: “If you think you’re going to get me to characterize what he does as liberal or conservative, you’re crazy.” Bill Jr.’s politics are not for public consumption. (Ignore those Roman numerals after Bill’s name; to avoid confusion we’ll refer here to Gates pere as Sr. and Gates fils as Jr.)

It’s the very opacity of Bill Jr.’s politics that makes them intriguing, and the money trail of his gift-giving sheds the only light available on them. Gates’ more grandiose gestures — $20 million for a computer center here, $12 million for a biotechnology building there and a whopping $200 million for wiring up rural libraries to the Internet — get the headlines. But his smaller philanthropic statements give us the few clues we have to what Gates, the man — as opposed to Gates, the software marketing machine — really cares about. And we ought to pay attention to what the richest man in the world thinks is socially important — especially if he lives up to his own oft-made promise to give away nearly all of his wealth before he dies.

To be sure, judging Bill Gates’ politics by what he gives away is an exercise in tea-leaf reading that teeters on the brink of absurdity. After all, 35 grand for gun control adds up to about .000001 percent of his total current wealth. Until just a few years ago, the rap on Gates had always been that of the skinflint supreme, our nation’s leading subscriber to the miser persuasion. Especially locally.

“There has been a lot of pressure to have him make donations that impact the region that has allowed him to become so wealthy,” said Don Chalmers, a fund-raising consultant and editor of the Northwest Nonprofit newsletter.

Few people in a position to know the details will go on record criticizing the pattern, or lack thereof, of Gatesian charity. Seattle Foundation president Anne Farrell dismisses local sniping as generated “more out of ignorance than anything else.” But the facts are hard to ignore. Sure, Bill Gates has given away close to $600 million. But more than 90 percent of that sum has been disbursed since 1994, and more than half the total was given away in 1997 alone.

1994, incidentally, was the year Bill Gates’ mother, Mary Gates, died of breast cancer. A longtime United Way board member, Mary Gates, by all accounts, persistently encouraged her son to do more with his wealth than simply accumulate it. After years of single-minded, voracious focus on the Microsoft bottom line, Bill Gates appears to finally be heeding his mom’s advice. Charity does, it seems, begin at home.

Since 1994, the philanthropy tap has been jacked wide open. Hardly a soul in the wired world can have escaped hearing the much-ballyhooed pledge from Bill and Melinda Gates to spend $200 million over the next five years on library Internet access. Less well publicized has been Bill’s 1997 gift of $115 million worth of Microsoft stock to the Gates Foundation, which has brought the total endowment of the foundation up to around $300 million. After a slow start, the foundation gave away some $40 million in 1997, a big jump from 1996′s $6.5 million.

Microsoft spokesman Greg Shaw said that in addition to the library grant and the foundation endowment, Gates has also given away at least another $100 million. This includes large-scale donations, such as $12 million for a law school library at the University of Washington (to be named after his father), $10 million for student scholarships in the name of his mother (also at Washington) and $1 million to Ursuline Academy in Dallas (where his wife, Melinda French Gates, was high school valedictorian) and smaller scale grants to museums, theaters, playgrounds and even a Seattle area rowing club.

The big-ticket donations do not come without associated waves of skepticism from Gates’ stable of critics. That $12 million grant for the new biotech building at the University of Washington? Just the price tag necessary to lure a star biotech professor to the Seattle area, where he can serve as Gates’ informal advisor on biotech investments. Last year’s $20 million pledge (through the Gates Foundation) to Cambridge University for a new computing center? A fine way to keep a close eye on one of the world’s most illustrious centers for cryptography research — and an investment sure to pay huge dividends as digital security becomes ever more paramount. And that oh-so-noble deal to wire up the libraries? An insidious scheme: Hook the poor kids on the Net, and then make sure that they’re all using Internet Explorer as the browser of choice. Future generations of Microsoft market domination will be assured.

No businessman as famous for being as ultra-competitive as Bill Gates can ever escape cynical accusations that his every move is motivated by greed. Nor should he. But the smaller details of Gates’ giving lead us to a different truth. It is much more difficult to discern strategic Microsoft advantage in his support for handgun safety. And his cold-cash concern for family planning could even be construed as asking for trouble. The groups that the Gates Foundation is giving money to have close ideological and organizational ties with pro-choice bastions like Planned Parenthood. Religious right zealots are already beginning to pay attention. Who needs that kind of controversy today?

The first overtly political statement on the Bill Gates balance sheet is his $80,000 contribution to a coalition working against the passage of Washington state ballot initiative 602. Robert Edie, a lobbyist for the University of Washington who also fought the initiative, recalled that its demand of an immediate, “really large” tax rollback was overwhelmingly supported by Washington business leaders.

But not by educators, who led the fight against 602, worried that passage of the initiative would hurt the quality of public education in Washington — just as Proposition 13 had similarly gutted public schools in California decades earlier.

Bill Gates has frequently emphasized the importance of education — both in speeches and in his book “The Road Ahead.” Seattle political reporter Mark Gardner argues that even here his motivations were selfish: Microsoft needs quality programmers and expects universities to provide them, and will oppose anything that could hamstring the university system. Gardner even suggests that all of Gates’ huge donations to universities are aimed at improving relations with potential sources of programming talent.

But the personal reasons explaining Gates’ support of the fight against the 602 tax cut turn out to be somewhat more complex. Gates has always been protective of the University of Washington: Both of his parents attended, and his mother served as a member of the Board of Regents. Furthermore, Teresa Moore, a spokeswoman for the Washington Education Association, remembered that Gates had been alerted to 602′s potential negative impact on the University of Washington by a professor named Leroy Hood.

And who is Leroy Hood? None other than the William H. Gates III chair of the UW biotechnology department — which is housed in the brand new biotech building that stands as Gates’ first multimillion-dollar act of philanthropy.

Was Gates just trying to keep Hood happy? Or was he really concerned about ensuring state support for public education? Microsoft spokesman Shaw couldn’t respond to the question and Gates himself was unavailable for comment, so there’s no real way to know. But the pattern is clear: The direction in which Gates’ money flows satisfies a network of personal connections and concerns; it is as natural as water going downhill.

The anti-602 campaign was victorious. Gates’ next foray into initiative politics met with less success. Initiative 676, a handgun safety bill in 1997 that would have increased licensing and training requirements for new handgun purchasers, went down to overwhelming defeat. In a campaign where the National Rifle Association spent $4 million, $35,000 turned out not to be enough. Still, Gates had made his stand on a classic hot-button issue — gun control.

Did that classify Gates as a liberal? Joe Waldron, chairman of WeCARE, a coalition of anti-gun control activists that led the local opposition to 676, refused to speculate.

“I don’t want to put it in those terms,” said Waldron. “It’s like kicking Superman in the kneecap: You can do it, but you may not like the consequences.”

And $35,000 doesn’t add up to chump change for Bill Gates, anyway, added Waldron. “I wouldn’t read too much into it. You must recognize that with the money that Mr. Gates has, that he is going to give to any number of causes, and in this case the amount of money is relatively small.”

Yes, the sum was small. But no, Gates does not give to “any number of causes.” Although the past few years have seen him rapidly increase dollar totals devoted to building computing centers, wiring up libraries or funding student scholarships, the instances in which one could say he was contributing to a cause are extremely rare. And there is absolutely no evidence of Gatesian financial support for measures that could be considered “conservative” in a political sense.

But again the specter of personal motivation rises. Was this really Bill Gates’ own issue? After all, his own father contributed $150,000 to support Initiative 676 — more than four times as much he did.

“I suspect it was as much his father asking for it as anything else,” said Waldron.

“That’s dead wrong,” snapped Gates Sr. when asked about Waldron’s speculation — clearly unappreciative of any supposition that Gates Jr. isn’t his own philanthropic man.

But Gates Sr. did acknowledge that he and Mary Gates exerted pressure on their son to do more with all his billions.

“His mother and I always pushed a little,” said Gates Sr. Like Mary Gates, Gates Sr. has long been involved in philanthropy — ever since “I first gave a nickel to the Salvation Army man,” he joked.

Ultimately, separating out what is attributable to the parents and what to the son may be pointless. It’s a joint venture. Nothing better illustrates that fact than the William H. Gates III Foundation.

Gates Jr. created the foundation in 1994, the same year his mother died of breast cancer. One of the first two grants made by the foundation was to the Swedish Medical Center in Seattle, for a “cancer pain management” study.

Bill Gates Sr., with the part-time help of one private secretary, administers the foundation from the comfort of his home. It is, he said, “the thing that occupies the largest percentage of my time.”

The foundation does not accept unsolicited requests for funding nor does it give out grant-giving guidelines. But a review of its tax returns, which are public record, reveal some clear points of social concern.

All told, the foundation has disbursed about $55 million, with some $40 million, according to Gates Sr., having been “committed” in 1997, mainly for the establishment of academic computing centers.

The grants fall into three categories. First, there are the big-ticket donations — the general fund grants, the grants allocated to building improvements and all the money distributed to institutions that the Gates family has personal connections with (like Gates’ own high school, or the Seattle Art Museum, where Gates has sponsored an exhibition of Leonardo Da Vinci’s notebooks). Second, there are a large number of penny-ante donations — $10,000 for refugee relief, $6,000 to the Magnolia Adult Day Center in Seattle and so on. But the third and smallest group, medium-sized donations, stands out: They’re the only ones with political import.

The Gates Foundation has given $750,000 over three years to the Seattle-based PATH (Program for Appropriate Technology in Health) — funding that has in part been used for such work as “a quality assurance survey of contraceptives in 22 countries.” The Alan Guttmacher Institute received $1 million over three years for “an international examination of issues facing young women around the world.” And finally, most recently, the Department of Population Dynamics at Johns Hopkins University received $2.3 million for an array of programs aimed at training international specialists in “reproductive health and family planning.”

“Reproductive health and family planning” is a buzz phrase that emerged out of the 1994 United Nations Cairo conference on population issues, said Dr. Gordon Perkin, president of PATH. In the past, the research topic used to be referred to as “population control” — though, said Dr. Perkin, “the words ‘population control’ are not used any more, except by people who don’t know the field.”

Billionaires have always had a fond spot in their hearts for population control: Ted Turner is a big supporter, as is Warren Buffett, a Gates family friend.

“If you think about what people like Buffett, Turner and Gates all have in common — they are more global in their thinking, more risk-taking, more revolutionary in their business practices,” said Beth Frederick, development director at the Alan Guttmacher Institute, “and as such they look for larger answers to some of the problems that seem so close to home.”

But whatever you call it — “population control” or “family planning” — this isn’t just a billionaire fad for the Gates family.

“Bill Gates Sr. has been deeply involved in this issue for decades,” says Laurie S. Zabin, a professor at the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health. Zabin, who served with Gates Sr. on the national board of Planned Parenthood, was instrumental in getting the Gates Foundation grant for Johns Hopkins.

But that doesn’t mean Gates Sr. is the only one who cares about overpopulation, said Zabin: Gates Jr. “has supported issues of real social concern and certainly this is one of them.”

Gates Sr. agreed: “It’s an interest he has had since he was a kid. And he has friends who are interested in supporting research into world population problems, people whom he admires — it’s just a matter of a fit between his proclivities and mine.”

A “proclivity fit” is one way to put it. Or one could surmise that Bill Gates is growing up to be the man his parents raised him to be.

“His parents were involved in charitable activity, and I’ve heard him talk about it quite a bit,” said Microsoft spokesman Shaw. “I think that set a strong tradition and ethic of giving back and I should say that we are only seeing the beginning of that now.”

One can always count on corporate public relations executives for a positive spin, but Shaw’s point is not without merit. Gates has spoken many times about how he intends to give away 95 percent of his wealth before he dies. So far, he has loosened the reins on a mere fraction of his massive bank account. But just this week, on a Silicon Valley tour, he repeated his promise: “I’m just a steward of this wealth and someday I will return it to society.”

The Gates Foundation is likely to be the vehicle for most future Gatesian philanthropy, at least according to Gates Sr. If it continues to give away money according to the principles by which it was established, the possibilities for social impact are spectacular.

“The potential is enormous,” said Anne Farrell, president of the Seattle Foundation.

We may never definitively pin Gates down as “liberal” — but actions speak louder than words.

“When we start to look at labels we miss the significance of individual action,” says Bryce Gryniewski, executive director of Washington CeaseFire, the leading sponsor of Initiative 676. “Obviously he is concerned about the society he lives in. He’s not only a business owner but he’s a father and a family man, and he’s concerned about the kind of world he’s going to raise his daughter in.”

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Andrew Leonard

Andrew Leonard is a staff writer at Salon. On Twitter, @koxinga21.

Lady and the tramp

In conservative bomb-thrower David Brock's surprisingly sympathetic book, "The Seduction of Hillary Clinton," the First Lady is neither a saint nor a bitch -- she's a woman who loved too much. A conversation with the controversial author.

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Consider the strange case of David Brock, the right-wing hit man
who’s come in from the cold. Or has he?

Best known for his vicious attack journalism, Brock is
the man who labeled Anita Hill “a bit nutty, and a bit slutty” (in his
1993 book “The Real Anita Hill”), and the man who authored the infamous
“Troopergate” story about Bill Clinton’s alleged sexual escapades while
the governor of Arkansas. As a writer for The American Spectator, Brock
has often seemed to be purely on the Sleaze Beat  the man who is willing
to express, under the guise of objective journalism, the skankiest
thoughts that swim through most conservative’s minds.

For liberals, of course, Brock has long been a man they’ve loved to
hate. He’s been criticized not only for relying on dubious sources for his
most salacious facts, but also for the inherent contradiction of being a
gay man who writes for the often gay-bashing American Spectator.

For all the controversy Brock has kicked up in his earlier work, it
is safe to say that no one quite expected the revelations in his latest
bestseller, “The Seduction of Hillary Clinton” (The Free Press).
Predictably, Brock dishes some dirt here  notably his allegation that
Hillary Clinton hired a private detective in the early 1980s to keep tabs
on her husband’s philandering. But what has really shocked readers on both
sides of the political spectrum is that “The Seduction of Hillary Clinton”
is actually a sympathetic, fairly glowing portrait of the First Lady’s
political convictions and activism.

In Brock’s view, Hillary Clinton’s One Big Mistake was getting
involved with Bill Clinton  a con-man who “brought her into contact with
the gritty money-politics system of Arkansas, entangling her in a web of
unsavory associations from which she attempted to distance herself 
first in Little Rock, then in Washington  but which followed her to the
White House and ultimately wreaked havoc on her life and reputation.”

It makes sense that Brock was drawn to Hillary Clinton’s story. Like Anita Hill, the First Lady is a lightning rod  people’s opinions about her are as visceral as they are factual. As with Anita Hill’s story, too, the Hillary Clinton saga has lurid sexual overtones. “My sense of it is that (Bill Clinton) is basically a sex addict,” Brock bluntly puts it.

Is Brock’s pro-Hillary tome the sign of a political conversion? He
doesn’t think so. “If they read the book, they’ll see that there are a lot
of themes in here that should appeal to conservatives,” he says. “There
are a lot of right-wing ideas in the book.”

Nevertheless, when Salon talked with him by phone at his home in Washington D.C., he said that “The Seduction of Hillary Clinton” has put him in a difficult
position, politically.

“Right now,” David Brock said, “I have no friends.”


Did you surprise yourself with your portrait of Hillary Clinton?

Yes, I also think I surprised a lot of readers. And I surprised the White House (laughs). What did I think going in? Only from what I’d read, I guess I thought that the Lady MacBeth caricature was close to it. And I could point to a couple of presumptions I had that were reversed. One of them would be the idea that, to the extent that she compromised her law practice in Arkansas, one of the things motivating her was to line her pockets — that she was a big rainmaker at the Rose law firm, and that she was abusing her position as the wife of the governor to bring in big clients. The more I looked at that — and I looked at it for a long time, thinking that I would be able to establish that — the less that seemed to be the case. In fact, as you saw in the book, she was the lowest paid partner at the Rose firm. A lot of the time she was away from the firm, doing political work for Clinton. And when she did take on these controversial representations, like the Madison Guarantee representation, there’s no evidence (it was for) her financial benefit. I think she made about $20 per month on that account. She may have been doing some things to try to help Bill, help his campaign contributors, things of that nature. But not out of any kind of financial self-interest. And that changes the picture somewhat — to me anyway — about what’s driving her.

Another misconception would be her public persona. She seems to be cool, maybe even aloof. I would assume she would be very, very difficult to work for. But in fact, the turnover on her staff is the lowest of any recent First Lady, and a lot lower than in the west wing. She has a very loyal staff, so that has to tell you something about what she’s like on a one-to-one basis, as far as working for her.

You’ve been accused of a good deal of bad faith in this new book. It’s the idea that your sympathetic portrait of Hillary Clinton is a kind of Trojan Horse that’s allowed you to sneak in a lot of nasty things about Bill Clinton.

I don’t know about that. The facts are the facts. Is there an effort to make Bill Clinton look bad? There’s no effort on my part to shape the material in any way — other than to get as accurate a picture of Hillary Clinton, and of their relationship as I can. The fact that she’s in a flawed marriage to somebody with a fair number of flaws and defects is well-established.

There’s also this notion that you’re trying to redeem your own reputation by redeeming Hillary’s.

Well, in my opinion, I’ve always had a good reputation. But it’s a fool’s errand. A lot of liberals are never going to like me, or say anything good about me, because of my Anita Hill book, because of Troopergate, because of various other things. So if that’s what I was thinking, it would have been foolish anyway.

The big hurdle was: Was I going to finish this book after I realized it wasn’t going to please anybody? And I knew it wouldn’t please a lot of people who have this image of Hillary as a demon. Particularly a month before the election. And people who hold Hillary up to be an icon, they’re not going to like the book either, because there’s a lot of criticism in here. So the question was: Because Hillary Clinton is such a lightning rod, can a book work that’s not black or white, that’s gray, that’s about a real person? I’ve always had that concern. And the question was just: Was I going to be true to what I found or not? And so I just did it. And right now I have no friends (laughs). I haven’t done myself any good in terms of wanting to be liked, I can assure you. I was disinvited to a big conservative party last Friday night here in Washington. So I’m just sort of sitting in my house now. Just waiting to see.

I’m interested in your notion of the seduction of Hillary Clinton. You portray her as a woman with very firmly-held political views, and it seems like — politically, at least — she would be a very difficult woman to seduce.

There is a contradiction there — some say it’s a contradiction in the book. I think it’s a dichotomy in the subject. It does seem like, here’s a strong, assertive, determined woman — how is she possibly seduced by Bill Clinton? But I just think that there are lots of strong, determined people who do get seduced. If you look at the portrait of what happened when they were at Yale Law School, I didn’t talk to anyone who knew either one of them at that point who didn’t think Hillary Clinton was in love. And she does a couple things, as you see in the book, that don’t necessarily make sense in any other context. One would be staying on an extra year at Yale Law School, when she was a year ahead of him. Kind of putting things on hold for a year. The other one would be moving to Arkansas after the Watergate period, when she really had anything she wanted to do in Washington, she had her choice. She was on a very fast track, and she moved to Arkansas.

And there seem to be these periods in ’81 and ’82, and again in ’88 and ’89, when there is consideration by one or both of them of divorce, and then she reenters the marriage. I think Bill is the quintessential second chance guy. And as I say at the end of the book, I don’t find it that surprising because millions of voters are charmed by Bill Clinton, too. The polls show they don’t trust him, but they still want him to be president. I sort of make that analogy … she certainly knows the full picture at this point, and yet she stays.

And I don’t think that it’s completely a political arrangement, a cynical power grab on her part. That’s the other view, and I don’t think it’s right. You talk to people even today who say, if you look at her, if you look at the way she looks at him — this isn’t in the book, because it’s all so speculative — that she’s still in love with him.

Isn’t there some sexism in this notion that Hillary is merely a victim, a woman passively seduced by her husband?

No. I mean, I just think it’s human relations. I don’t think it’s sexist. The women who’ve read the book have liked it better than men, in general.

Your book paints a very black and white picture of the Clintons — she’s almost entirely good, he’s almost entirely bad. Yet on some level, haven’t they made a pretty successful team?

Oh absolutely. I think if you want to know why he’s going to be reelected in three weeks, you have to look at Hillary Clinton. What I found interesting was that when they worked together, they were successful. At the periods when she was disengaged — like in 1980 when he was running for reelection, and she was pregnant with Chelsea and very busy chairing the Legal Services Corporation, and she wasn’t around much — he lost. Then if you look at the health care battle during his first year in the White House, when she was running the show and he was basically AWOL, you see they also went down to defeat. Some of his instincts, his ability to tap into the public mood, and to hone an agenda that’s going to fly with public opinion, and the salesmanship skills, they weren’t really there until the summer of ’94, which is a year and a half into the whole battle and it was too late.

But yes, on the whole, their partnership has been phenomenally successful. And they are almost, as I say at the end, two as one, as opposed to two for one.

You are the author of the infamous Troopergate story alleging Clinton’s flagrant infidelities while governor of Arkansas. In your new book you seem to argue that Hillary Clinton’s willingness to overlook his adultery also led her to overlook other, perhaps more serious things.

I think the thing that explains a lot of her behavior in Arkansas, not only on the philandering question but on some of the Whitewater stuff, is a conscious avoidance of the facts — a conscious avoidance of what’s going on around her. And so when you look at some of these deals in which she is really only peripherally involved, the question is: She’s a smart woman. She either knows what she’s doing — and I don’t think the evidence shows that — or she’s playing a quick cameo role and trying to forget that this stuff is going on around her. And it’s later that she gets into trouble, because during the presidential campaign it becomes her role to have to keep all this quiet.

People still wonder, why is there all this concealment, why is there all this evasion, when we don’t know that there are any crimes committed? And I think it’s because she’s walking a political minefield every day. She doesn’t know, given his history, given the people around him — the McDougals, Dan Lasater, people like this — what’s coming up next. So it’s almost an overcompensation on her part to give away nothing, to give away no document, to answer the question as technically correct as you can. I think that whole bunker mentality, not only is it from being a lawyer, but it comes from this whole culture of coverup that’s surrounded the Clintons for years. Garry Wills called it “the philanderer’s secret” — and I thought that was the best explanation I had seen for this whole thing.

In your opinion, does Bill Clinton’s promiscuity continue to be an
issue?

Well, I don’t know about continue to be, because I don’t have any
evidence since he’s been in the White House. But up until then, I think it
was very indiscreet, and it was at a level that I think it was legitimate
to discuss it. Where you draw the line, I dont know. It’s a gray area, and
there are no rules in journalism about this. But I reached the same
judgement that the L.A. Times did on the Troopergate question, which was:
Not only was he doing this stuff, but he was exposing himself to letting
people have this kind of knowledge of his private activities, and was using
people to procure women.

My sense of it is that he’s basically a sex
addict. My guess is that this hasn’t stopped since he’s been in the White
House. It may be at a much lower level, since he’s under so much more
scrutiny. That wasn’t my purpose in the book, to find out if this was
still going on. But I’d be surprised if he’d changed his stripes.

You’re often criticized, from the left anyway, for your use of
dubious sources. Some of your book’s bigger revelations — that Hillary
once hired a private eye to keep tabs on Clinton, for example — don’t
seem to come from the most credible places either. How did you decide what
to include and not include?

I think, in general, one of the problems with reporting in Arkansas
— and I’m not the only person who’s had this problem, you see it in James Stewart’s
“Bloodsport,” for example, which relies heavily on the McDougals, and the
McDougals’ credibility is open to question — is that a lot of the people
in the Clinton circle are themselves compromised. This was a problem with
the Trooper story. They might have been badly motivated. And so the only
thing you can do as a reporter is, when you have information that raises a
question about the material, you put it in there, you acknowledge it.

What is it about Hillary that’s so endlessly fascinating to people?

Part of it is who she is, but part of it is more on a symbolic
level — what she represents. There are a lot of people who are threatened
by Hillary Clinton for a variety of reasons. And I wouldn’t have thought
this going into the book. I found that with Hillary Clinton, you can’t not
consider the effect that she has as a strong woman on some men, and as a
professional working woman on some women who followed a more traditional
path. The main thing, I think, is her political profile. And that’s why
somebody like Elizabeth Dole, who has also followed a kind of a feminist
path, she doesn’t stand for anything different than what Bob Dole stands
for. There’s no real suspicion generated by her — you know, that she has
her own politics and her own agenda. But Hillary Clinton has a long
intellectual and political biography of her own, so she’s a threat to
people who don’t agree with her views. And certainly, as we saw when she
sort of threw the New Democrats out of the administration in the
transition period in 1993, she’s a forceful presence. So that’s going to
make her a lightning rod, I think. There’s just nobody else in our
politics — maybe Newt Gingrich, but probably not — who’s that much of a
lightning rod.

Is she is a tragic figure?

Yeah. I think it ends up being a tragic story. Only because it
seems like she is disproportionately paying for all the Clintons’ troubles. To the
extent that she has been a shock absorber for Bill Clinton on all this
scandal stuff, it’s done a great deal of damage to her reputation — even
if it doesn’t go further in the legal process. It just seems to me that
she is mostly cleaning up after him, rather than hiding her own misdeeds.
And I do think that has a tragic element to it, in the way that this whole
relationship has worked. She’s the decisive one, she’s the person of
action, and so she’s the one who’s going to have to play hide the ball
with these documents. That’s not something he’s going to do.

That’s my
personal opinion, as to whether it’s tragedy. Other people can read the
book and say she deserves everything and more, and want her to go to jail.
I don’t have that view. I can’t finish this without having some level of
sympathy for her. Others will say: She deserves her fate, she made her
choices, she should have left him.

Speaking of contradictions, you’ve taken some heat for being a gay
man who’s writing for a magazine, The American Spectator, that is less
than progressive on gay issues.

That’s never bothered me. First of all, we could go on forever
about this. Is The American Spectator anti-gay? I’m not sure what that
means. It doesn’t strike me that way. And since I publicly talked about
being gay two and a half years ago, I’ve never had any problems with The
American Spectator. They encouraged me to do that at the time. On an
article by article basis, are there some attempts to poke fun at gays?
Yeah. But in my opinion, everyone is fair game for a joke. I haven’t seen
anything that I consider objectionable in the magazine. And even if I did,
I don’t see myself as a gay cop at The American Spectator. I’m doing my
writing. I’m not editing the magazine, I’m not responsible for everything
in it. I’m perfectly happy, so I don’t see any problem.

Everyone who knew Hillary Clinton at Wellesley and then at Yale
clearly thought she was destined for great things. Where do you think she
would be now, if she hadn’t married Bill Clinton?

Well, I don’t think she would have run for public office. I think
she would have gone more the route of public interest law, and she might
have ended up in a position where she was appointed to a presidential
cabinet, perhaps the attorney general or something. I think she would have
been very successful. I suppose there’s a chance she would have gone back
to Illinois and gotten involved in politics, but the electoral route … I
think that by the time she was in her mid to late 20s, she really wasn’t
going to go that route. Although she did have, and continues
to have, great leadership potential. So it’s hard to say.

Will her influence increase in a second term?

I think her high point is over. Her high point was the first year
of the first Clinton administration. Although the only consistent
ideological thread in Bill Clinton’s political career is Hillary Clinton,
and that’s not going to change. Particularly because there will be no
countervailing forces — Dick Morris is out of the picture, for example.
So I think she will continue to be influential.

He has signaled that she
is going to be involved in the implementation of the welfare bill, for
example, and that’s really something. That takes a direction that’s
counter to everything she stands for. So I think that will be interesting.
She will also continue to be influential in the appointments process and
in the composition of the judiciary, because she has always
been involved in that. I just don’t think, partly because she has been so
battered, public-opinion wise, and partly because she will continue to be
the subject of this Whitewater investigation, however long it goes, she’s
ever going to have that moment that she had in the first year, and really
the first six months. Because once Vince Foster killed himself, I don’t think she
ever really recovered.

So she’s going to be fighting on several fronts, as
well as trying to continue to advance an agenda and protect Bill Clinton’s
place in history. Who knows about her own political future? They’re still
young. If she avoids all legal problems, who knows, in ten years, whether
she wouldn’t be a cabinet official in her own right or something. She’s
obviously very capable.

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Dwight Garner is Salon's book review editor.

The SALON Interview: Jerry Brown

Moving toward the abyss

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jerry brown was once a man ahead of his time. Elected governor of the
largest state in the union in 1974 at age 34, he was the first major liberal
politician to advance positions that have today become conventional
wisdom: the U.S. has entered an “era of limits” requiring increased
environmental concern; government cannot solve all problems; the budget should be balanced; the country must invest in people and technological innovation, among others.

And then, the fall from power. Brown went from being the standard bearer of new liberalism and a serious presidential contender to being tagged “Governor Moonbeam.” After losing a race for the U.S. Senate in 1982, he went into exile, making extended spiritual journeys to Japan and India. He returned to serve as chair of the California Democratic Party in 1989, later running a quixotic campaign for President in 1992.

As the mainstream moved closer to his 1970s thinking, Brown glided
further away. Today he lives in a large, refurbished warehouse in Oakland, California with a small group of fellow travelers, trying to fan the populist flames with his
“We The People” political organization and hosting a daily radio
show. His thinking is as unconventional as it ever was.

As Jerry Brown’s director of research in Sacramento between 1978 and 1982, I
found the major perk of my job was spending time with the governor. As an administrator he could be infuriating, but he was always fascinating to talk with, sometimes dropping by my apartment after midnight (he recognized me as a fellow insomniac) to expound energetically on the driving issues of the day.

Since then, I’ve mainly followed him from afar, getting decidedly mixed views of my former boss. Folks who accompanied him on his visits to Japan and India, where he worked with Mother Teresa’s charity, told me they were impressed with Brown’s commitment to his
spiritual work. But like many others, I was turned off by
the anger he projected during his 1992 presidential race — his unrelievedly grim rants struck me as
neither spiritually evolved nor politically effective. I had the general
impression that he had gone off the deep end.

Meeting him again recently was thus a pleasant surprise. Love or hate him,
Jerry Brown has pulled off one of life’s more difficult feats: becoming a
genuinely interesting person. He attacks his day with the same relentless energy, rising at 5:30 every morning to power-walk around Lake Merritt in downtown Oakland and then, after a communal breakfast at his warehouse home/headquarters, throwing himself into his various projects.

I am still repelled by all the anger — it seems to me that this is a time to unite, not divide society. But a nagging doubt remains: what if Brown is proven right again? If the global catastrophe he predicts does occur after all, then it will be true that neither he, nor we, were angry enough.



What are you up to these days?

I’m working in Oakland, with an organization called “We The People” that
sponsors a number of projects, one of which is a radio show that goes out to
major cities in the country, every day for an hour. I conduct discussions
with people ranging from Ivan Illich to Allen Ginsberg to Barbara Ehrenreich.
We also run a school that teaches more sustainable ways
of living and working together. We have a rooftop garden, and we’re getting
good at bio-intensive food production.

There is also a study group which has been focusing on the philosophy of
Martin Buber. About 20 of us have been reading “I-Thou” together each
Thursday evening. Martin Buber’s “Paths and Utopia” describes the central
question of our time: Will the state be called upon for more and more control
of an anomic, disconnected group of people? Or will people form relationships
in cellular-like communities, that will eventually form a community of
communities, as the basis for organizing the world?

Other people articulate these ideas, but what makes this so
intriguing is that you were once governor of California, one of the most
powerful positions in American politics. Most people go from being radical
while young to more conservative as they age, but you’ve reversed the
process. How do you explain this?

I certainly was very much attracted to being governor. But I know more
now. I learn, I study, I listen, I observe. I’ve traveled, I’ve talked to
people. I’ve had the privilege of listening to Gregory Bateson, Mother
Teresa, Ivan Illich, Gary Snyder and, more recently, Noam Chomsky. These
people are not looking at society in the conventional way, but in a deeper
and more honest way. And the insights from these very different people lead
me to a critical position. We’re living in an unsustainable situation that is
taking us in the direction of catastrophe — social, moral and ecological. And
it is my interest, perhaps my vocation, to resist that, and to work with
others to provide positive alternatives.

How do you feel about the choice the
American public is facing between Bill Clinton and Bob Dole?

Essentially, what we’re faced with is the evil of two
lessers. Both Dole and Clinton are moving the country in the
wrong direction, but they are doing so at a
different pace.

But wouldn’t you argue as a Democrat that Clinton is
preferable to Dole, that otherwise the Republicans will take
over the House, Senate and White House?

That’s an argument that has weight. Dole, with his
crime bill and his call for attacking Cuba and more B2
bombers, seems to be going off the deep end. Or he’s playing
conventional politics and going to the right. So he can adopt a
more moderate view in the fall, which would then be just
another case of corrupt politics.

On the other hand, Clinton has reneged on his commitment
to revitalize American cities, he has a slavish adherence to
global business, and he’s failed to deal with raising the family
income — and all this has been wrapped in such schmooze that a number of
groups that should be more active are lulled to sleep. So
all I can say at this point is it’s a real mixed bag, and
not one that calls for any great response.

Clinton is doing very well in the polls right now. If you were in a room with him and (White House image manager) Dick Morris, how would you argue with that success?

I wouldn’t argue with those guys. They have a formula.
And the formula is to run as a simulated version of George
Bush, with a beefy smiling cover. But success? That’s what the man said when he jumped off the Empire
State Building and passed the 60th floor. Someone leaned out
the window and asked, “How’s it going?” The guy said, “So far,
so good.” I am more concerned with the well-being of the country
than of the Clinton family.

Do you ever miss that kind of power you had as governor of the nation’s biggest state?

As governor, I believed I could do certain things, as a person who sees
more reality in ideas than some people do. It’s a personality type. And so I
was working at that level. One of the first things I did was create the
California Conservation Corps, which was an embodiment of the Jesuit
seminary, the kibbutz, the Marine Corps, and the utopian community, all in
support of ecological values.

There were certain recurring themes (in my administration): “protect the earth”, “explore the
universe,” “serve the people,” “Spaceship Earth.” This was the mid-1970s. It
was the time of the Whole Earth Catalogue. I was dealing with people like
Stewart Brand, Wendell Berry, Amory Lovins, Herman Kahn and Dick Baker from the Zen Center. I mean, it was a hotbed of
ideas. And there was a sense that we were on the threshhold of a new
politics. We were
building something new. It was very exciting.

You spent time in Japan and India between 1982, when you left the
governship, and 1989, when you returned to Democratic party politics. Did
these experiences influence your views of politics?

The training of zazen aims at emptiness, emptiness being a space without
illusion. Since politics is based on illusions, zazen definitely provides new
insights for a politician. I then come back into the world of California and
politics, with critical distance from some of my more comfortable
assumptions.

The work with Mother Teresa is a world of generosity, of seeing the person
in front of you — the poor of Calcutta that show up at your doorstep — as the
embodiment of Jesus, of God. There’s nothing more important. Politics is a
power struggle to get to the top of the heap. Calcutta and Mother Teresa are
about working with those who are at the bottom of the heap. And to see them
as no different than yourself, and their needs as important as your needs.
And you’re there to serve them, and doing that you are attaining as great a
state of being as you can.

People tend to associate spirituality with love. But many people were
shocked at the contrast between your relatively good-humored demeanor as
governor and how you reemerged in 1992 with so much anger, as sort of a grim
reaper or prince of darkness. What was that about?

Well, when you try to change the rules, when you are assaulting the
citadel, it’s not anxiety-free. You become the skunk at the garden party.
When they all want to talk about their little issues, which you know are just
soundbites and diversionary distractions, and you say, “Wait a minute, guys,
we’ve got to talk about the money. We ought to talk about how this
process works. And what’s really behind it.”

You know, Senator Tom Harkin (Brown’s 1992 Democratic presidential primary opponent) was playing the labor man, while his wife was making a
couple hundred grand at a major lobbying firm in Washington representing
the Seabrook nuclear power plant. And we’re all campaigning up in New Hampshire (site of the Seabrook plant). I mean,
what’s real here? And Bill Clinton is with the Democratic Leadership Council,
which has among its membership tobacco lobbyists, who are in the business of
killing people. Yeah, humor would be great, irony would be great. But how to
wake people up in a relatively complacent age?

Do you feel as angry now in 1996 as you did then?

I don’t know that I was angry enough. I think if we’re talking about
indignation at injustice and deception, I would say that I really haven’t
attained the level of anger appropriate to the evil that is engulfing the
country and the world.

The politics of America today is about supporting the continuation of
nuclear weaponry and testing, and genetic manipulation, the consequences of
which we do not understand, and the continuing isolation of living, feeling
human beings in inhuman structures, whether they be jobs or urban clusters.
This is going to create an explosion.

And it is all masked by this deceptive, allegorical, political play called
“minimum wage vs. gas tax reduction vs. Whitewater vs. balancing the budget” —
which is all so much sound and fury signifying nothing.

All the while, this great drift, the juggernaut, is moving us toward the
abyss.

On the one hand, you say the environmental threats are
accelerating. And on the other, you say our political system is so corrupt…

So sterile and so frozen, so static …

So where do you find the sense of hope to keep slogging on?

I can’t specify a rational basis for it, but I feel very hopeful. I can’t explain
why. I feel healthy. It’s a beautiful day today. And I walked around Lake
Merritt with some very nice people, so that disposes me to a more optimistic
interpretation of reality. Maybe it’s just hormonal balance. A religious
person would call it “stirrings of the Holy Spirit”. A materialist would call
it “animal spirits.”

So hope springs eternal in the human breast despite all reason?

I guess that’s what it is. Poetry. You need to be a poet.

I’m doing what I know how to do, and what I have the opportunity to do. It’s
part politician, part student, part activist, part seeker. I try to put all
these parts together.

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Fred Branfman can be reached at Fredbranfman@aol.com. His Web site is www.trulyalive.org.

Lazarus, arise and walk!

Liberals' night of the living dead is over

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When E.J. Dionne looks around, he sees what historian Robert Wiebe saw in the dying decades of the 19th Century: “Americans everywhere crying out in scorn and despair.”

And Dionne is encouraged.

Now, as then, he believes a fast-changing economy, social dislocation, moral squalor, and political cynicism — characteristics of the laissez-faire Gilded Age — are precursors of a new progressivism, one that will be dominated by the political heirs of FDR and Harry Truman, not Newt Gingrich.

“Not since the industrial transition at the turn of the century and the mass dislocation of the Great Depression have Americans felt a greater desire for creative approaches to governing,” Dionne writes in “They Only Look Dead: Why Progressives Will Dominate the Next Political Era” (Simon & Schuster).

As Dionne, a political columnist with the Washington Post, pointed out in his previous book, “Why Americans Hate Politics,” both liberals and conservatives have responded to such desires with little more than irrelevant sloganeering.


“In their search for answers,” Dionne writes in what is essentially a sequel, “the voters seem to be veering from one set of convictions to another” — from George Bush, to Bill Clinton, to Newt Gingrich. Each failure increases the anger and confusion of voters who want their government to do something — only to find confirmed their “disbelief bordering on cynicism that the government will actually do anything worth doing.”

But the resulting attacks on “big government” — on any government — are now backfiring, Dionne believes. “Far from routing Progressivism, (they are) a precursor of its renewal,” he continues. “For two decades, Progressives have been timid in defending their project, and distracted by cultural politics.” Thanks to Gingrich’s and his fellow “third wave conservatives” attempts to take America into a high-tech version of laissez-faire, “their opponents are forced to grapple with the task of constructing the 21st century alternatives.” Whether the progressives will get it right, however, is not nearly so certain.

The “new” progressives, says Dionne, will need to streamline and tailor government, along the lines proposed by the Progressive Policy Institute and Al Gore’s “reinventing government” program, without returning to the traditional Democratic “cult of governmentalism.” Government has a crucial role to play in such areas as health, education and the environment, Dionne says. But he agrees with Bill Clinton’s State of the Union message that “the era of big government is over.”

SALON spoke to Dionne on the eve of the New Hampshire primary.

Your book is subtitled “Why Progressives Will Dominate the Next Political Era.” When does that era start?

It’s already begun. It came about largely because the Republicans badly misread their mandate from the ’94 election. Voters were reacting mostly to Democratic failure — in health care, welfare reform, political reform, and all those other nice things President Clinton talked about, like using education and job training to help ease people through the new economy. Republicans acted as if voters were opting for much smaller government, cuts in Medicare, education and environmental regulation. The fact they turned on the Republicans gives you a sense of what the voters were really thinking.

What were some key, concrete turning points?

Three things stick out in my mind: First, the week when Bob Dole gave a speech bragging that he had voted against Medicare and Newt Gingrich talked about Medicare withering on the vine. Second, the government shutdown. Republicans thought the country was so anti-government that they wouldn’t be punished for it. Finally, there are the Republican primaries. Rather than smaller government, you have Bob Dole talking about corporate executives making a lot of money while average wages gained only five percent. You have Pat Buchanan sounding like Jesse Jackson when he talks about Wall Street. And the purest representative of the small government line, Phil Gramm, has dropped out of the race.

You talk a lot about the need for progressives to address the “anxious middle” — people who seem to be falling behind in this new economy. So far, the only candidate who seems to be doing that is Pat Buchanan.

What Buchanan sees, and a lot of other Republicans don’t, is that a lot of Christian conservatives are also part of the anxious middle. They’re worried about their living standards, worried about their kids’ economic future; they’re often the ones suffering from layoffs and economic uncertainty.

If Buchanan doesn’t quite qualify as a new progressive, who does? Who are these “new progressives”?

President Clinton began to embody it in the ’92 campaign. He lost his way partly because of the failures of the Democratic Congress. Sen. Bill Bradley speaks for a lot of it, indeed has been quite explicit in looking back to the Progressive Era. There are a lot of younger Democrats and some moderate Republicans, like Sen. John Chafee, (R-R.I.). You also see signs of a progressive re-emergence: in the new leadership of the AFL-CIO; moderate and liberal Christian groups have begun to organize, and community service programs are proliferating. I’m also interested in Betty Friedan’s latest project, to bring feminism closer to the concerns of average working women.

But do you have to do what Bill Bradley did — leave the two-party system?

No, I absolutely don’t think that. While Teddy Roosevelt had his Progressive breakaway in 1912, history shows that the two parties are very permeable, and open to movements for change. Sometimes third parties highlight issues, but most of the time, they aren’t necessary because insurgencies can work in either party. And it’s very hard to get a third party off the ground.

So even though voters aren’t too fond of either party right now, one of them will embody this new progressivism?

Right. The obvious place is the Democratic Party. The Republicans have their own progressive tradition, dating back to McKinley, but one of the striking things is how Newt Gingrich and Dick Armey want to take the party away from that tradition entirely. One of the things to watch is what these assorted moderate and progressive Republicans do over the next ten years.

But will voters forgive Bill Clinton and what you call the “dysfunctional Democrats” for their broken promises? Both you and Dan Balz and Ronald Brownstein in their new book, “Storming the Gates” (Little, Brown), make a compelling case for how the Democrats in ’92 showed a basic inability to govern.

Yes, the Democrats face a much bigger burden of trust today. And I don’t think Clinton himself has decided how far he wants to go in this direction. Perhaps he thinks that just opposing the most unpopular parts of the Republican program will be enough to carry him through November. It won’t. To win re-election, Clinton also has to be about the larger project, which he was in 1992.

And will he do the right thing?

I have absolutely no idea. The signals go both ways from this administration. There are some signs, in areas like education and the environment, that he understands the appeal of a basic progressive message. I think he’ll win in November, though I think Lamar Alexander could give him a race if he gets through this period. Democrats are now feeling much better about the elections than they ever expected to five or six months ago. But it will be hard for them to retake the House. The Senate looks even more difficult.

So it could be a while before we enjoy the fruits of this new progressive Jerusalem.

More political instability is inevitable. We have gone through an immense period of turmoil — economically, socially, and morally. But the basic logic is that in the end, voters are looking for democratic — small ‘d’ democratic — government to do certain things to help make this transitional period easier for them. So they can find their footing and their own opportunities in it. I think ultimately that points to active government.

Your book feels almost as much like a call to arms as a crystal-ball gazing prediction. Why did you feel the need to write it?

Liberals and progressives seem to have accepted the other side’s categorization that they are other than normal Americans. But the progressive tradition, going back to Teddy Roosevelt and FDR, Harry Truman and Kennedy and LBJ, is the normal tradition. Richard Reeves said the message of my book was, “Lazarus, arise and walk.” What I’m trying to do here is give heart to progressives, to say, stop thinking about yourselves as being outside the American mainstream. You arethe American mainstream.

Is some of this personal? A sense that what you see now is not the America you grew up in?

I grew up in a working-class community in the ’50s and early ’60s in Fall River, Mass. I grew up with a lot of poor kids who did the classic American thing: they worked hard and they got somewhere. And we all got some assistance from government. Those of us who went to college on student loans have paid the government back many times both through loan payments and taxes, so it was a good investment that the country made — in the individuals, and in America’s future. It disturbs me now that even if my kids do fine, they will be growing up in a country that is terribly class-stratified, that has enormous pockets of poverty, and with people who feel they don’t have the opportunity for self-improvement, who are stuck, resentful and angry, for understandable reasons.

James Fallows (“Breaking the News: How the Media Undermine American Democracy”) argues that journalists have contributed to these feelings of anger, resentment, and cynicism.

We journalists tend to be obsessed with the inner workings of campaigns, and some of that is good. Theodore White showed in his books that a lot went on in campaigns that the public didn’t know about, and that it was worth telling them about. But when that is all we report, we are telling voters that the entire process is simply about manipulation, and that is all that is going on. And we make voters, as Todd Gitlin once put it, the cognoscenti of their own bamboozlement.


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Andrew Ross is Salon's executive vice president.

The People's Pit Bull

Pat Buchanan is moving into the void left by liberals' failure to address the issue of economic injustice

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All of a sudden the mainstream press has developed teeth and is busy sinking them into the leg of Patrick Buchanan. In the wake of the new Hampshire primary you can catch the unmistakable tang of panic among the pundits at the sight of a wild man at the gates. So now Buchanan is being depicted as the patron saint of racists, and himself a closet Nazi.

Buchanan is hard-edged in his rhetoric against abortion, same-sex marriages and kindred social
issues. But the panic of the elite derives more from his economic views. Hitherto, a consensus lay over the presidential race like a moist blanket. Between Bill Clinton, Bob Dole, Lamar Alexander and Steve Forbes there was an amiable agreement on the central political-economic issue — free trade. Like most mainstream pundits, they regard it as an absolute virtue.

Buchanan does not. And for that reason — far more than his snarls about gays — he is regarded as dangerous. “Economists tend to hold Pat Buchanan’s anti-NAFTA views with the sort of scorn biologists have for creationism, or the contempt doctors have for the theory that HIV is unrelated to AIDS,” sneered reporter Paul Blustein in the Washington Post.

But many people in New Hampshire clearly didn’t feel that way. He got the bulk of his votes from those making less than $50,000 a year; 50 percent who went for Buchanan said trade was the most important issue. They are living on the economic downside of the high-tech global economy, and they don’t think NAFTA or GATT has done them any good at all. NAFTA, in fact, has been a time bomb in American politics, as Buchanan realized. His bigotry on certain social issues is distressing, but his popularity is based on more than declamations against gays, immigrants and pro-choice activists. He is the populist standard-bearer in 1996; his political advance is entirely understandable and to a considerable extent deserved.


Neither is he the first contemporary populist whose message has been warmly received by regular citizens while being derided by the elites. In 1984 and 1988 it was Jesse Jackson; in 1992 Jerry Brown.

Those bids, including Buchanan’s, are reactions to a political bankruptcy at the national level — which is as dire amongst Democrats as Republicans. Bill Clinton is in reality a moderate Republican, who shares the same general outlook, for all practical purposes, as Sen. Bob Dole. Yet Clinton faces no challenge from liberals, unless you count Ralph Nader running on the Green Party ticket in California. The only calls for economic justice, and opposition to Fortune 500 business as usual, comes from Buchanan.

Recently, Dennis Rivera, the aggressive leader of the hospital workers union in New York, said the most important labor project in decades is the re-election of Bill Clinton. Likewise, new AFL-CIO leaders John Sweeney and Richard Trumka are scrambling to get out the vote for the man conservative commentator Kevin Phillips described as “the 20th century’s most actively anti-labor president.”

So much for the new face of the labor movement. Its leaders will work for Clinton, contenting themselves with such crumbs as his State of the Union pledge of a small hike in the minimum wage (even though he did nothing about it in his first two years in office, when he had a Democratic Congress.) As Bill Becker, president of the Arkansas AFL-CIO, once so memorably put it: “He’ll pat you on the back and piss down your leg.” It is no wonder that Buchanan has emerged as the only champion for many in the rank and file.

In online chat rooms and bulletin boards where the computerized liberal-left gather to ponder the great issues of the day, there’s already lively discussion as to whether Buchanan is a fascist. But it wasn’t Buchanan who presided over the largest number of civilian deaths resulting from an operation by U.S. law enforcement (Waco). And Buchanan didn’t write the Terrorism Bill, which contains appalling encroachments on constitutional protections, and is due to come up in the House in March, with Justice Department and White House encouragement.

Rather than cheering on Bill Clinton, the “lesser of two evils,” while trembling before Patrick Buchanan, the “fascist menace,” progressives especially should ask themselves how they allowed things to come to such a pass — that the only presidential candidate raising basic issues of economic justice should be a man like Buchanan.

On the Republican side, one of the funnier sights of the primary campaign so far has been Bob Dole — in panicky response to the rise of Buchanan — suddenly expressing concern about corporate layoffs that seem to accompany super profits. This as he dismounts from one corporate jet lent him by Carl Lindner, the banana king, and mounts another, provided by a tobacco company, or by Midwest corn king, Dwayne Andreas.

If Dole’s wounds in New Hampshire prove fatal, expect the elite pundits and editorial writers to muster behind “moderate” Lamar Alexander, the quiet former governor from Tennessee who has advanced the most radical ideas of any of the candidates for cutting down the federal government. But he’s not “dangerous,” like Buchanan, whose great crime has been to desecrate that political holy of holies, free trade.

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Alexander Cockburn's books include "Washington Babylon" and "The Golden Age Is in Us." He writes the "Beat the Devil" column for the Nation.

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