Jennifer Howard

“Disobedience” by Jane Hamilton

A teenage boy snoops in his mom's adulterous e-mail in the latest novel from the author of "A Map of the World."

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Imagine Hamlet sneaking into Gertrude’s e-mail account to read her mash notes to Claudius, and you pretty much have the setup of Jane Hamilton’s new novel, “Disobedience.” Shakespeare made a mother’s sex life the stuff of tragedy, but not every tale of unhappy families has the kick of “Hamlet,” these days especially. Novelists ought to learn that throwing some adultery and family dysfunction into a story isn’t enough to guarantee a good read.

Hamilton’s cybersavvy Hamlet is Henry Shaw, 17 years old, with a slight tendency to brood. He imagines his mother would describe him as “perfectly amiable … as if I were an 18th century lapdog … I was in the chess club, I took photographs for the yearbook, I assisted in the computer lab … I usually finished my homework. I shut up and did as I was told.”

This model teen boots up the family computer and discovers that his mother, Beth Shaw, a musician, has been playing horizontal duets with a violinist named Richard Pollaco. Henry got his mother wired (if you hear Freudian overtones in that, they’re intentional); he has her password. “When I first stumbled into her e-mail file I didn’t mean to. It was accidental. It was about as easy to type in her password as mine; I wasn’t even thinking, I had no plan, nothing premeditated, no scheme in place. I realized my error as the icons slowly formed themselves before me in their beamy pleased way.”

Soon he’s logging on daily, sometimes hourly, for the latest sweaty chapter in the saga (kind of a twist on Internet addiction and e-publishing). Not only does Beth Shaw e-mail her lover with passionate frequency, she shares every clinch and grope and quarrel with her best pal Jane. This is convenient for Henry and for the unfolding of the story — too convenient, in fact, to be very plausible.

Friend Jane lives back in Vermont, in the happy little town the Shaws used to inhabit before Henry’s father, Kevin, got a job teaching history in Chicago. And what is Kevin doing while his spouse cheats and his son spies? He blithely takes Henry’s sister, Elvira, off to Civil War reenactments. “My father’s general enthusiasm was almost always with him … like a cloud circling him, like bees, buzzing around a large petally flower. That joy of his was insistent … Sure, the Big Emptiness was out in the world, sure it was and he knew it, and so what?” Poor myopic Kevin is just about the only character worth rooting for in this self-absorbed mess of a family.

Henry takes a stab at losing himself in teenage distractions, including a blond named Lily. But his mother continues to obsess him. He catches her fighting with his father, and it might as well be in flagrante delicto: “What was there better, in its way, than that scene, my small mother trembling open, the hot sound of her breathing towards me, the swimmy heat and flush of the air?” A psychic reveals that Beth and Henry were married in another life, which leads son and reader into some queasy Oedipal reveries.

Two of Hamilton’s previous novels, Oprah Winfrey picks “A Map of the World” and “The Book of Ruth,” follow women through hell (wrongful child molestation charges, for instance). In “Disobedience” Beth Shaw’s hell is mostly of her own making, and Hamilton doesn’t seem all that interested in its torments. Instead she trains her attention on how the noncombatant members of the family fare while Beth does battle with her wayward heart. Puberty threatens Elvira’s budding career as a hardcore Civil War reenactor, a pastime described in distracting detail. Desperation creeps into Kevin’s relentless good cheer; he knows something’s up, he just won’t admit it. Gloomy Henry more or less keeps Beth’s secret; you can almost see the clouds gathering over his head.

By the time the inevitable storm breaks, the air has gotten pretty thick. Claustrophobia, brought on by Henry’s obsessive need to keep Mommy under the microscope, sets in way too soon. Hamilton does know how to pace a story, but it isn’t enough to make you happy about sitting through this drama. Henry, despite the similarities, can’t claim to be Hamlet. The melancholy Dane would fall on his sword if asked to deliver this bit of dime-store philosophy: “I was sure that I was permitted, as their son, to exercise moral judgment over the Shaws, even if I did so with no one else, including myself. They had chosen, after all, to play a certain game and it seemed to me that if you entered into it willingly, then you had to observe the regulations. If you stepped out of bounds it followed that you could lose everything. You might very well end up with nothing.” You might indeed.

Sotheby'S

Jennifer Howard reviews 'Sotheby's: The Inside Story' by Peter Watson

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1998 isn’t even two months old and already it’s been a lousy year for the art world. In January, Manhattan District Attorney Robert Morgenthau slapped the Museum of Modern Art with a subpoena — the legal equivalent of shouting obscenities at a black-tie fund-raiser. At issue: two paintings by Austrian expressionist Egon Schiele, on loan to MOMA from Austria’s Leopold Museum. Morganthau is holding the paintings in New York while he decides whether they should go back to the heirs of the original owners, Viennese Jews who lost them to the Nazis.

Though it stands out for sheer drama and its greater implications for museums, Morgenthau’s action is just the latest in a series of assaults on the art business. Last year in Britain, journalist Peter Watson lobbed a grenade at a pillar of the art establishment when he published “Sotheby’s: The Inside Story.” The book, played up in the British press, makes the eminent auction house out to be a den of pimps and thieves, willing to subvert the laws and jeopardize the cultural heritage of other countries in order to smuggle valuable objects into London and onto the sales block. Watson also aired his allegations in a series of TV programs he did for Britain’s Channel 4; in the U.S., “60 Minutes” picked up the story.

The American edition of “Sotheby’s: The Inside Story” doesn’t have all the dirt the British edition did — material on arcane schemes involving Iran, Japan and the British Rail Pension Fund didn’t make the transatlantic jump — but it still slings enough mud to keep Sotheby’s in dirty laundry for a long time. For Sotheby’s, Watson suggests, money is the only object. Are you in the market for some rare Apulian vases, illegally excavated from graves in southern Italy? Easy. Have a hankering for sacred carvings swiped from villagers in India? No problem. Or maybe you want to get your Old Master painting out of Italy, which, along with India, has some of the most stringent export laws in the world. Laws, apparently, were meant to be broken. Want to make sure that Old Master goes for a tidy sum? Let the auctioneer do a little “chandelier bidding” — accepting fictitious bids to drive the price up.

Although the sins he describes are many, plausible and infuriating, Watson’s no angel. He’s a little too pleased with himself for uncovering all this sliminess. And he likes to forget he’s writing nonfiction, slipping eagerly into spy-novel mode to describe the undercover operations — complete with surveillance vans, cameras hidden in jewelry, even a sting involving an Italian Old Master painting — that he and his team used to collect proof of wrongdoing. And when it comes to ethics, Watson doesn’t bother to classify different magnitudes of transgression. (Is chandelier bidding really as heinous as grave robbing?)

Rarely does a book topple an institution, and the Sotheby’s that Watson describes, hepped up on money and aristocratic arrogance, isn’t about to crumble. Though much of his evidence seems sound — the team secretly taped a Sotheby’s employee practically begging a client to let him smuggle a painting to London — no legal prosecution followed. (Sotheby’s did make the requisite noises of protest and conducted an “internal investigation” that resulted in a few personnel changes.) Still, as an article in Art and Antiques pointed out last year, Sotheby’s top brass now run the show out of New York, and in New York there’s a feeling that the old ways of doing business are as antique as anything in a Sotheby’s catalog. Revelations like those in “Sotheby’s: The Inside Story” make you think it’s past time museums and auction houses were held accountable for what they do.

And they are being held accountable. Not every case of contested art offers the seedy thrill of catching Sotheby’s with its pants down, or the drama of the district attorney and the disputed Schieles. But this year will see a boom of such cases, as the victims of cultural property crimes — from Holocaust victims’ heirs to countries tired of watching their heritage auctioned off — learn to point fingers and bring suit. No wonder the art world is nervous. The tussles over who owns what are likely to get more and more bruising, as those seeking reparation find the nerve and the cultural support to challenge those whose business depends on hanging on for dear life to what they’ve got.

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The Practice of Writing

Jennifer Howard reviews "The Practice of Writing: Essays, Lectures, Reviews and a Diary" by David Lodge.

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Ever since the deconstructionists invaded the academy in the 1960s, there’s been about as much love lost between the average critic and the average fiction writer as there is between a cattle ranger and a vegan. Luckily for the academy — and for the non-academic reader — David Lodge is no ordinary critic. He is, as he likes to say, a “practicing novelist,” a humble term, suggesting that he plies his trade the way somebody with a law degree puts up a shingle and calls him- or herself a practicing lawyer. “Practicing,” in Lodge’s case, means that he has published 10 novels, some already classics; I’m thinking of his wicked academic satires, “Changing Places,” “Small World,” and “Nice Work.”

Unusual for a successful fiction writer, Lodge has been a professional critic. Until 1987, when he decided to devote himself full-time to writing, he taught English at the University of Birmingham. The prospect of theory doesn’t make him flinch; he can sling jargon with the meanest poststructuralist. But he won’t bat around jargon like “discourse” and “the negative of absence” unless he really believes there’s something to be gained by it. As he proves over and over again in these “occasional” essays, he’s one of the sanest, most reasonable and gentlemanly critics in the business. He’s that rare soul who combines a scholarly love of close reading and textual analysis with an artist’s almost boyish enthusiasm for writers he admires.

“Admires” is too weak a word for how Lodge feels about titans like James Joyce and Vladimir Nabokov, each the subject of an essay here. (Lodge’s analysis of how Nabokov subverts the classic mystery/thriller form may be the most brain-tickling thing in the book.) “Most writers,” he says, “are kick-started — that is, they begin by imitating and emulating the literature that gives them the biggest kicks.” As a budding writer, Lodge says in an informal autobiographical moment (and there are many), he got the biggest kicks from Joyce, Greene and Evelyn Waugh, who get privileged treatment in “The Practice of Writing.”

If you’re not already a fan, some of these essays — reflections on adapting “Nice Work” and Dickens’s “Martin Chuzzlewit” for television, for instance — will grow tedious. But if you want an outstanding thumbnail sketch of Graham Greene’s career, or an analysis of how today’s novelist negotiates between realism, creative nonfiction and metafiction, David Lodge — humane, urbane and always engaging — is your man.

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