Steven Heller

Paul Rand’s forgotten ads

Despite being witty and smart, much of the famed art director's work was never preserved

This article originally appeared on Imprint.

ImprintWhen Paul Rand was art director of the William Weintraub Agency in New York, he did scores of advertising campaigns, most with his distinct drawing or collage styles. Much of this work, though smart and witty, especially when compared to the heavy-handed advertisements in the late 1940s and early 1950s, was neither saved on film nor in original printed formats. When I was writing “Paul Rand” (Phaidon), I had only limited access to his Weintraub-era tear sheets, which were not in job bags like the work he did after leaving the agency. These ads for Shur-Edge knives and Stafford fabrics, printed on newsprint, appeared in the New York Times Sunday Magazine. One just has to look at the poor typographic ads on the verso side of these sheets to see how much better Rand’s work was.

The Kaiser car image was a cover for one of their typical sales brochures. Rand also designed revolutionary advertisements that barely showed the new cars — a no-no in the auto sales world. When unfolded, however, this brochure looks like any typical sales sheet and was obviously not done by Rand.

Thanks to Jim Heimann for this treasure of virtually forgotten Rands.


Copyright F+W Media Inc. 2012.

Salon is proud to feature content from Imprint, the fastest-growing design community on the web. Brought to you by Print magazine, America’s oldest and most trusted design voice, Imprint features some of the biggest names in the industry covering visual culture from every angle. Imprint advances and expands the design conversation, providing fresh daily content to the community (and now to salon.com!) and sparking conversation, competition, criticism, and passion among its members.

The quaint days of skin mags

Despite seeming relatively tame today, Playboy and the like fought the early censorship battles in '50s and '60s

This article originally appeared on Imprint.

ImprintIf you were one of the “Mad Men” (which boringly premiered the new season on March 25) or any other kind of man in the late ’50s and early ’60s, you probably subscribed to Playboy and/or any one or more of the many so-called “skin magazines,” “stag magazines” and “girlie magazines” that copied the pioneer’s form and content. Playboy, art directed by Art Paul, was an original, but others including Escapade, Cavalier, Dude and the Gent (shown here) were helping to define the era’s maleness. Even more significant, each of these magazines became an outlet and launch-pad for some major literary and art talents. The names on the covers were impressive, Nelson Algren, Groucho Marx, Tennessee Williams, Tom Lehrer — and they are just among the writers. The best were hired by the Gent, which was better than average, even had a virtual line-for-line Jules Feiffer doppelganger doing similarly themed socially satiric cartoons.

By today’s standards of legal and social acceptability, the skin mags were rather tame. Some evocative nudity was sprinkled lightly between the fiction and lifestyle stories. There was the requisite fashion feature that never did anything to mar the product. Rarely if ever did anything step to far over the line — the imitators let Playboy take the first steps. In retrospect, there is something almost quaint about the Gent and others. The layouts are modern without being avant garde. The illustrations are contemporary without eschewing old-fashioned verities, like realism. And the texts, while a little more racy than the pictures, stayed within the bounds we would today call propriety.

Still, these magazines were hounded by the authorities (especially the U.S. Post Office) and by fighting the early censorship battles, helped open media up to what we see, hear and experience today.

Copyright F+W Media Inc. 2012.

Salon is proud to feature content from Imprint, the fastest-growing design community on the web. Brought to you by Print magazine, America’s oldest and most trusted design voice, Imprint features some of the biggest names in the industry covering visual culture from every angle. Imprint advances and expands the design conversation, providing fresh daily content to the community (and now to salon.com!), sparking conversation, competition, criticism, and passion among its members.

Continue Reading Close

The return of Nazi-plundered art

A Berlin museum is ordered to give a Jewish man thousands of rare prints seized from his father

This article originally appeared on Imprint.

ImprintGermany’s top federal appeals court finally ruled earlier this month that the Berlin-based German Historical Museum must return to “a Jewish man from the U.S. thousands of rare posters that were seized from his father,” Dr. Hans Sachs, publisher of the famed Das Plakat magazine, by the Gestapo, “saying that for the institution to keep them would be perpetuating the crimes of the Nazis.” The Federal Court of Justice in Karlsruhe said Peter Sachs, 74, was the rightful owner of the posters collected by his father, now estimated to be worth between $6 million and $21 million. The outcome of this hard fought court case allows Mr. Sachs to demand the posters be returned to him.

Dr. Sach’s proudest accomplishment, Das Plakat, was launched in 1910 as the official publication of the Verein der Plakat Freunde (the Society for Friends of the Poster) founded in 1905 to advocate poster collecting and increase scholarship. The society was one of a number of collectors’ groups based in Europe, but the magazine was a unique entity that during its comparatively short span (1910 to 1921) raised theretofore unexplored aesthetic, cultural and legal issues about posters and graphic design. In addition to surveying the most significant German (and ultimately international) work, the magazine was concerned with plagiarism and originality, art in the service of commerce, and the art of politics. Over the years the magazine’s influence on design increased proportionately with its circulation, from a first print run of 200 copies to over 5,000 at its peak.

Hans Josef Sachs, a doctor and chemist by training and a dentist by profession, as a teenager became obsessed with French posters (he owned a Sarah Bernhardt affiche signed by the artist Alphons Mucha) and in his twenties became the leading private poster collector in Germany. Without his passion and dedication German commercial art would have developed apace, but as co-founder of the Verein and editor (along with a board of advisors) of Das Plakat he was almost single-handedly responsible for promoting German gebrausgraphik (commercial art) as an internationally respected applied art form.

Until 1935 Dr. Sachs was listed in the German Dentist registry, and was allowed to practice. In 1936 the Nazis nullified his license. In 1937 he mounted his last poster exhibit at the Jewish Museum in Berlin. That same year he was detained for 24 hours by the Gestapo, and later forbidden from owning any politically related materials. That is when his entire collection was confiscated. Goebels himself donated it to the Kunstgewerbe Museum, dedicated to the art of commerce.

Sachs was arrested in November 1938 and brought to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp. After a few weeks he was fortunately  released and left Germany with his family, first to London and then established residence in New York City, where he was allowed to practice dentistry after  passing his exams. Sachs was able to export a few choice posters, and garnered needed funds by selling his Lautrec collection. In 1965 the German government offered reparation for his collection. but kept a large portion in Berlin Museum of German history. Sachs died in 1974.

I wrote about the case in Eye 74 (here) and the most recent Associated Press story can be found here.

Copyright F+W Media Inc. 2012.

Salon is proud to feature content from Imprint, the fastest-growing design community on the web. Brought to you by Print magazine, America’s oldest and most trusted design voice, Imprint features some of the biggest names in the industry covering visual culture from every angle. Imprint advances and expands the design conversation, providing fresh daily content to the community (and now to salon.com!), sparking conversation, competition, criticism, and passion among its members.

Continue Reading Close

The golden age of print advertising

These vintage window posters were once the first line of promotions for films, plays and dances

This article originally appeared on Imprint.

ImprintIn the age of LED and plasma screens at least one grass-roots design business will never go out of style … or need: the common window sign. Once a major source of income for print shops, these posters, also known as “show prints,” were the staple of everyday advertising and communications. Now, the old ones are valued as antiques and the new ones, which lack the vintage patina, are taken for granted. But if you drive through any small town in America, you’ll see these show prints promoting a county fair or other local spectacular. The days when they were the first line of promotion for films, plays and dances may be over, but they exist, just waiting to be collected.

Most people have heard of the Hatch Show Print company in Nashville, but this virtually forgotten Bower Show Print Company, “specializing in cardboard posters,” from Fowler, Ind. (where the telephone number was “80″), is one of hundreds of mid-size printing businesses that served communities all over the nation. Here are some examples from their colorful catalog — and a word from Mr. Bower, himself. (Note: The company name still exists in Waynetown and Veedersburg, Ind.)

Copyright F+W Media Inc. 2012.

Salon is proud to feature content from Imprint, the fastest-growing design community on the web. Brought to you by Print magazine, America’s oldest and most trusted design voice, Imprint features some of the biggest names in the industry covering visual culture from every angle. Imprint advances and expands the design conversation, providing fresh daily content to the community (and now to salon.com!), sparking conversation, competition, criticism, and passion among its members.

Continue Reading Close

America’s original fast food

Through press manipulation and worker exploitation, United Fruit Co. transformed the once rare banana into a staple

This article originally appeared on Imprint.

ImprintDid you know that bananas were America’s first fast food? Once a rarity in the U.S., the United Fruit Co. fostered a huge market for this fruit-with-appeal, and brought the price down far enough to make it so commonplace in the U.S. that it became the fruit of choice for generations of consumers.

United Fruit was founded in the 19th century in the jungles of Costa Rica and eventually became a provocateur for corruption among so-called Banana Republics (not the clothing store). The company was involved in an invasion of Honduras, a massacre in Colombia and a bloody coup in Guatemala. It had unsavory dealings with many high-ranking political leaders, manipulated the press, and was partly responsible for revolutions in Central and South America. (Daylight come and me want to go home.)

But let’s return to manipulating the press. In 1953, Print: The Magazine of the Graphic Arts published “Programs in Print: United Fruit Company” by L.A. Audrain (who was then the magazine’s editor), that more rather than less put a happy face on the fruit company’s printed communications. Without much critical commentary, which, granted, was not on the minds of any North Americans at the time, Print focused mostly on “the end result of selling more of their basic product.” Yet it noted that “United Fruit is many things to many men, and constant advertising plus public relations watchfulness is needed to make sure the company’s story is properly understood.”

There is a nod to their inhumane practices in this quote by Samuel Zemurray, the head man, who summed up a circumspect attitude of United Fruit when he said, “I feel guilty about some of the things we did … all we cared about was dividends. Well you can’t do business that way today. We’ve learned that what’s best for the countries we operate in is best for the company. Maybe we can’t make the people love us, but we can make ourselves so useful to them that they’ll want us to stay.”

Nice corporate speak, but subsequent exploitation took its toll on the workers and the company. Print nonetheless accepted the word of Mr. Zemurray, a Russian emigrant, who rose from banana peddler to holder of a fortune of 20 million with his Cuyamel Fruit company, which was bought out by United Fruit. Print’s feature on bananas didn’t peal away the rot, but rather provided an impressive in-depth report on the barrage of PR and advertising that altered people’s relationship with bananas. And made note that it was thanks to its famous “Chiquita story,” the phallic-shaped female top banana. She helped spread the fun that are bananas and the idea “that bananas make the best eating when they are flecked with brown.”

(Nighttime Daily Heller: Keep Calm damn it!!!!)


Copyright F+W Media Inc. 2012.

Salon is proud to feature content from Imprint, the fastest-growing design community on the web. Brought to you by Print magazine, America’s oldest and most trusted design voice, Imprint features some of the biggest names in the industry covering visual culture from every angle. Imprint advances and expands the design conversation, providing fresh daily content to the community (and now to salon.com!), sparking conversation, competition, criticism, and passion among its members.

Continue Reading Close

The strange evolution of medical art

A new book traces these illustrations, both squeamish and divine, through the ages

(Credit: George Spratt)
This article originally appeared on Imprint.

ImprintThe National Library of Medicine, founded 175 years ago, is the world’s largest medical library―home to a rich heritage of objects from rare medical books to disturbing 19th-century surgical illustrations to delightful mid-20th-century animated cartoons. It contains more than 17 million items dating from the 11th century to the present.

“Hidden Treasure,” edited by Michael Sappol, designed by Laura Lindgren and photographed by Arne Svenson, is a distilled selection of incredible items largely unseen by the public and obscure even to librarians, curators and historians. Some are quite hard to view if you’re squeamish.

“The individual objects―rare, extravagant, idiosyncratic, and sometimes surprising―brought to light in this book glow with beauty, grotesquery, wit and/or calamitous tragedy. Among the objects featured are a series never before reproduced of hauntingly delicate paintings and illustrations of ‘monstra’ collected in the early decades of the nineteenth century “from the museum of Dr. Klinkenberg” in the Netherlands; charming hand-painted glass ‘magic lantern slides,’ which doctors projected in slideshows to entertain and help cure inmates at St. Elizabeths Hospital for the Insane; the mimeographed report of the Japanese medical team first to enter Hiroshima after the atomic blast; surreal views of mechanically sliced cadavers in the photographic anatomical atlas of fin-de-siècle France’s notorious surgeon-provocateur Eugène-Louis Doyen; and a staggering variety of objects from around the world and through seven different centuries.”

Each artifact included in the book is explained through a brief essay by a scholar, artist, collector, journalist or physician (including me, though I only play a physician on TV).

“Delivered from the obscurity of the library’s massive archive, these marvels speak to us, charm us, repulse us, amaze us, inform us, and intrigue us―and present a tantalizing glimpse of some of the precious and remarkable objects to be found within one of the world’s great hidden treasures.”

ESSAYISTS IN THE BOOK ARE: Eva Åhrén, Bridie Andrews, Alexander Bay, Zoe Beloff, Timothy Billings, Sheila S. Blair, Jonathan M. Bloom, Ron Broglio, Mikita Brottman, Liping Bu, David Cantor, Mary Cappello, Andrea Carlino, Nathaniel Comfort, Harold J. Cook, Pia F. Cuneo, Olaf Czaja, Luke Demaitre, Mark Dery, Shauna Devine, Elizabeth Fee, Mechthild Fend, Paula Findlen, Mary E. Fissell, Sander L. Gilman, Elisabeth Gitter, Tal Golan, Charles Hallisey, Marta Hanson, Mark Harrison, William H. Helfand, Steven Heller, Kathy High, Mami Hirose, Ludmilla Jordanova, Lauren Kassell, Mark Kessell, Nikolai Krementsov, Shigehisa Kuriyama, Hannah Landecker, Susan E. Lederer, Barron H. Lerner, Melissa Lo, Mark S. Micale, Maren Möhring, Sheena M. Morrison, Allison Muri, Sport Murphy, Marcia D. Nichols, Marianne Noble, Lisa O’Sullivan, Alyssa Picard, Rosamond Purcell, Anne Marie Rafferty, Sita Reddy, Elizabeth Reis, Benjamin Reiss, R. Roger Remington, Jeffrey S. Reznick, Michael Rhode, Stephen P. Rice, Harriet Ritvo, Charles Rosenberg, Michael Sappol, Emilie Savage-Smith, Jonathan Sawday, Walton O. Schalick, Antony Shugaar, Jonathan Smith, Jennifer Spinks, Claudia Stein, James Taylor, Paul Theerman, Charles W. J. Withers, Hiroo Yamagata.

Copyright F+W Media Inc. 2011.

Salon is proud to feature content from Imprint, the fastest-growing design community on the web. Brought to you by Print magazine, America’s oldest and most trusted design voice, Imprint features some of the biggest names in the industry covering visual culture from every angle. Imprint advances and expands the design conversation, providing fresh daily content to the community (and now to salon.com!), sparking conversation, competition, criticism, and passion among its members.

Continue Reading Close

Page 1 of 8 in Steven Heller

www.salon.com/writer/steven_heller/index.html