Fiction
“The Uses of Enchantment”
In her multifold new novel, Heidi Julavits sends up self-help and female victimhood through the story of a girl who may have faked her own kidnapping.
About midway through Heidi Julavits’ latest novel, “The Uses of Enchantment,” a character declares, “girls, mishandled, are a menace.” It’s both funny and disturbing that this sentiment comes from an elderly private school headmistress, Miss Pym, who for generations has been charged with the business of educating upstanding young ladies at Semmering Academy in West Salem, Mass. It’s doubly ironic that she’s telling this to Mary Veal, an infamous alumna whose alleged kidnapping and its aftermath have her pegged as both mishandled and a menace.
In 1985, Mary was a 16-year-old student at Semmering, distinguished only after she asks to be excused from a rained-out field hockey game and, kilt and all, gets into the Mercedes of a strange man — “the kind who watched while pretending to sit in his car reading a newspaper.” Mary reappears at school a month and a half later, claiming to have no memory of what happened.
We’re left to cobble together Mary’s story, told Rashomon-style through three different and alternating narratives: There are the chapters simply titled “what might have happened,” which are a kind of murkier play on “Lolita” that imagines what transpired during her abduction, told by an omniscient narrator; another is set immediately after her return and unfolds through the notes of Dr. Hammer, Mary’s fame-hungry psychiatrist; and the last by the grown-up Mary herself, who returns to Massachusetts from her adopted home of Oregon in 1999 after the death of her mother, Paula.
It’s no help to family relations that Paula’s funeral occurs 14 years to the day after Mary’s kidnapping and that the incident figures heavily in the obituary. Her homecoming is met with indifference from her golf-obsessed father and outright hostility from her older sisters, Regina (an untalented poet with a string of failed engagements) and Gaby (a stoner lesbian), both of whom never want Mary to forget that their icy social-climber mom (who was said to live on “white wine and pickles”) never forgave her for tarnishing the family name.
Mary isn’t known merely as the poor girl who was kidnapped in high school. Instead, the entire incident was memorialized in “Miriam: The Disappearance of a New England Girl,” a case study written by Dr. Hammer claiming that Mary faked the abduction. Her name is changed ostensibly to protect her, but her true identity appears to be the worst-kept secret in the Northeast. In Mary, the ambitious and bumbling therapist finds the perfect vessel for his theory of adolescent disorder, Hyper Radiance, which is the alleged need for repressed girls from repressive cultures “to ‘magnify’ themselves as the victims of spells and devilry at the very moment they come of sexual age.”
Mary’s mother signs off on the project, reasoning that she would rather have a daughter known as a liar than as damaged goods. It’s no help that Abigail Lake, a woman who was hanged for witchcraft in the 17th century, is a distant relative of Paula’s and forever a thorn in her Fair Isle sweater-clad side. Paula’s pet project was to clear her name. She was never successful and in Mary she sees the possibility of exerting a little control over another family member’s legacy.
Witches are a recurring, if unseen, presence throughout the book, where girls are invariably described as “bewitching” and two old crones who run a day-care center are awaiting trial for not just abusing toddlers, but “riding around on broomsticks.” A publisher tells Dr. Hammer that his book will do well because “witches are a nice touch. Witches sell second only to Nazis” and “in terms of death, burning women sell second only to suicides.”
Hysterical women must sell as well, because they loom large over the narrative: There’s the teenage Mary’s favorite book, “The Abduction and Captivity of Dorcas Hobbs by the Malygnant Savages of the Kenebec,” a colonial-era tale whose 60-plus-word subtitle about how an “Innocent Young Girl Tastd Sine and Dancd with the Devill” she commits to memory; and every Semmering student must participate in a rite of passage called the Wronged Woman project where prep schoolers are encouraged to campaign on behalf of unjustly accused women. This is an exercise done in the hope that the student “will discover within herself a wronged woman whom she herself has the power to exonerate.” Mary’s classmates went for wrongly imprisoned baby sitters, but a month before her disappearance, Mary chooses the titular patient from Sigmund Freud’s “Dora: An Analysis of a Case of Hysteria,” earning her a failing grade. And then there’s Bettina Spencer, another Semmering girl who faked her abduction years before Mary.
The nature of victimhood is something Julavits, who’s a founding editor of the Believer, delights in not only exploring, but skewering. Semmering has a mural depicting women being chased by natives and tied to the stakes, “the clouds above the heads of the soon-to-be-scalped-or-burned women transformed, with a little squinting or very little imagination, into faces that surveyed the scene with expressions commonly interpreted as enthusiasm.” The official title is “The Disappearing Women,” but it’s commonly known around campus as “The Grin and Bear It Mural.”
Sometimes “Enchantment” reads as a send-up of the abused woman novel. Characters sip a soothing herbal blend called grief tea, attend the “encounter group” Radcliffe Women Against Needless Domestic Abuse (called RWANDA for short), and read a popular self-help book aimed at the upper middle class titled “Trampled Ivy: How Abusive Marriages Happen to Smart Women.” There’s even mention of a woman who suffered a breakdown and is said to have deprived herself of happiness until she “reclaimed her story and signed her name to it.” It’s a dry humor that’s much needed in a book whose underlying subject matter — kidnapping, lying, sexuality, victimhood, being universally misunderstood — is uncomfortable stuff. But as funny as these asides are, they also come off a little bit snotty and arch in a book that prizes style over plot.
Julavits seems to be saying that, in their aptitude for manipulation, adolescent girls both hold all the power and are victims of their own desires. It’s a conservative view and one that doesn’t give much room for the gray area that most teenagers live in. It’s unfortunate that in a novel driven by the central question of whose story it is to tell — and one that allows so many voices to tell the story — the only one missing is 16-year-old Mary’s.
But for all her scoffing at the culture of self-help, Julavits still gives Mary a chance at reclamation. Even though she has moved as far away, physically, as she can from her childhood — even becoming the kind of newly minted West Coast resident who eats lunch every day at a vegan bakery — she’s still reliving her past, employed at a private girls school in Oregon, seduced by the familiar display of adolescent girls and their high-strung mothers. Prep school is not just a place where she can watch firsthand the hysterics of teen girls; it is where Mary is free to imagine that she’d been “sucked back to a crucial crossroads in her own life and offered a second chance.”
Marisa Meltzer is a freelance writer in New York City. She is coauthor of "How Sassy Changed My Life: A Love Letter to the Greatest Teen Magazine of All Time," which comes out in April. More Marisa Meltzer.
50 shades of Shutterstock
Slide show: Everyone's favorite light-bondage bestseller illustrated by inexplicable stock photography SLIDE SHOW
This week, for roughly the millionth time, E.L. James’ romance-bondage trilogy “50 Shades” nabs the No. 1, 2 and 3 spots on the New York Times bestseller lists. We don’t get it either. Every page of that book, which famously began as “Twilight” fan fiction, elicits a sigh of confusion and weird secondary embarrassment. The question is: Who would read this? (The answer is: Apparently everyone.) It’s the same baffled, helpless feeling we get when we sort through stock photos on a daily basis. Stock photos – which have been the subject of recent outstanding Internet satire – are used by this site, and many others, to illustrate our flood of content. Many are plain and simple, but a good portion are flat-out mind-blowing. Why did anyone think that photo was a good idea? It only made sense to join these forces. And so, we present to you passages from the most head-scratching bestseller of our time, illustrated with the assistance of inexplicable stock photography.
Megaphone by Natalie Bakopoulos
Miracles happen, even in an Athens crippled by a garbage strike, to a young mother unsure of her ability to love
(Credit: iStockphoto/caracterdesign) It’s the third week of the garbage strike and Athens has begun to smell. Bright-colored trash bags fill the curbs and alleyways, and we have learned to step over the rubbish and avoid the blocks that had become unnavigable. We know which stretches are particularly foul — a stretch along Mavili Square, or the entire top end of Monastiraki. Odos Athinas is a sea of trash, and Omonia is ghastly but we don’t go there anyway. May has gone from unseasonably cool to raging hot, and the garbage seems to be melting. In front of the museum it’s like yet another installation project. When I arrive each morning I want to wretch.
Continue Reading CloseNatalie Bakopoulos's first novel, "The Green Shore," will be published by Simon & Schuster in June 2012. Her work has appeared in Tin House, Ninth Letter, Granta Online, and The O. Henry Prize Stories 2010, and she is a contributing editor for the online journal Fiction Writers Review. More Natalie Bakopoulos.
Almost by Chris Pavone
She never thought of herself as ambitious, until motherhood and career collided in one horrifying hospital ride
(Credit: iStockphoto/caracterdesign) It’s just before dawn when Isabel puts the final page down on the fat stack of paper that sits on the rumpled bedspread, next to an overflowing crystal ashtray and a crumpled soft-pack of cigarettes. She’d tried Wellbutrin and Xanax; she’d used patches and gum. In the end, the only thing that made her quit smoking was being pregnant.
But then, after everything, she couldn’t help but start up again. At first it was just a single cigarette per day, or two. Then it became a few, and within months she was back to full-throttle. Over the past couple of years, she’s tried to quit a few times, but not seriously. She anticipates — she accepts — failure. Because she doesn’t want to quit, not really. She wants instead to try, and fail.
Continue Reading CloseMemorial Day fiction: Are we there yet?
Salon exclusive: At the start of the summer fiction season, new stories from Chris Pavone and Natalie Bakopoulos
(Credit: iStockphoto/caracterdesign) “Are we there yet?”
It’s a dreaded sentence. When it’s spoken by an anxious child from the back seat, it’s enough to make stressed-out parents wish they’d never taken a family vacation in the first place. And even if it’s delivered as a sing-songy punch line, from an impatient partner or spouse on a long road trip, it’s an irritating eye-roller of a joke.
So this Memorial Day weekend — the unofficial start of the summer vacation season, and therefore the summer fiction season — we asked two novelists to reclaim the sentence in a new and adult context. For our latest fiction project, there was only one simple rule: Each story had to include the line “Are we there yet?” in a fresh and surprising way.
Continue Reading CloseDavid Daley is the senior culture editor of Salon. More David Daley.
“Frankenstein” remixed
This masterful new adaptation of Mary Shelley's classic novel may be the best interactive fiction yet
Whatever interactive fiction is (and we’re still figuring that out) it suffers from all the problems of traditional fiction and then some. The vast majority of novels and short stories aren’t much good, but when a branching fiction — along the lines of the old “Choose Your Own Adventure” children’s books — fails to engage, the first impulse is to blame the form rather than the content. Let “Frankenstein,” just released by Inkle Studios and Profile Books, serve as a reproach to that reflex. The app is a creative, subtle and sensitive adaptation of Mary Shelley’s classic novella, and it has singlehandedly renewed this critic’s hopes for interactive fiction.
Laura Miller is a senior writer for Salon. She is the author of "The Magician's Book: A Skeptic's Adventures in Narnia" and has a Web site, magiciansbook.com. More Laura Miller.
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