Family

Brother knows best

Dave Eggers talks, with some reluctance, about the staggering work of being a genius parent.

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Brother knows best

Let it be known that Dave Eggers does not want to be interviewed.

In the past month, the editor of McSweeney’s, a literary quarterly that even Harper’s magazine editor Lewis Lapham thinks is hip, and the author of a “memoir-y kind of thing” called “A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius,” has been interviewed by the New York Times, the Village Voice, Time magazine and assorted publications too numerous to mention.

Michiko Kakutani, the famously cantankerous New York Times book reviewer, has agreed that Eggers’ talent is “staggering,” as have writers David Foster Wallace, Rick Moody, David Sedaris and David Remnick (who published an excerpt of his book in the New Yorker under the title of “Here Come the Orphans!” earlier this year.) His readings are standing room only, the new issue of McSweeney’s sells out as soon as it arrives (shipping is rather slow, as Eggers decided to have them printed in Iceland), and even his publisher ran out of review copies of the book a week before its publication date.

The book in question, Eggers’ first, is about a boy (Dave Eggers) raising another boy (his brother, Christopher, called “Toph”). The Eggers’ parents died of cancer within 32 days of each other, leaving Dave, then 21, as the surrogate parent of Toph, then 8. They leave their home in the wealthy suburb of Lake Forest (outside Chicago) and follow sister Beth, then 23, to Berkeley, where she attends law school.

The story is, as one might expect, “heartbreaking,” tragic and inspirational, but as Eggers tells it, it is also funny, lyrical and liberating, full of madcap escapades and slapstick humor. In Eggers’ telling, this story of orphans making their way in the world resembles a Pippi Longstocking fantasy gone wild. He acknowledges that along with the sense of being hard-done-to comes the existential freedom to redefine the entire notion of family: Life assumes a “sense of mobility, of infinite possibility, having suddenly found oneself in a world with neither floor nor ceiling.”

It’s a true story, more or less, and Eggers is relentless in detailing which parts are more true than others: In his preface he walks the reader through the various changes he’s made in dialogue, characters, location and time. He even finagled a highly idiosyncratic copyright page out of Simon & Schuster: After claiming that the book is a work of fiction, mostly due to the limits of memory, he acknowledges that most things, people and incidents described are real “because, at the time of this writing, the author had no imagination whatsoever for these things, and could not conceive of making up a story or characters — it felt like driving a car in a clown suit.”

The relationship between Dave and Toph, now 29 and 16, pivots around a self-conscious declaration of their unique status — “We are pathetic. We are stars.” — and the sort of workaday banalities and love found in any parent-child relationship. Their house is messy and they spend a lot of time sock-sliding (Dave provides diagrams of the best routes) and playing Frisbee. Dave threatens to pick up women at parent-teacher conferences and worries that Toph will fail because he is always late for school. Dave goes out drinking with friends and spends the entire evening terrified that Toph will be murdered by the babysitter.

In between, Dave and his friends — many of them old friends from Lake Forest who moved to California for various reasons — start a magazine called “Might.” And Dave tries — and fails — to become a character on MTV’s “The Real World.”

Eggers hemmed and hawed, but he finally agreed to be interviewed for Mothers Who Think, on the grounds that Salon is “family” — he was once the editor of the Media Circus site — and on the condition that we both talk about being young parents. (I am the 26-year-old mother of a 10-year-old.)

So, you don’t want to do this interview.

I thought I reached a point where I could never do it again, maybe a month ago. I’ve had a couple of ridiculous interviews. People who just want to ask me about “The Real World,” stuff like that.

So what about “The Real World”? Were they up for having you and Toph? Would you have allowed Toph to move into the Real World house?

I don’t know. I’m just lucky that we all came to our senses before something bad happened. I was never that serious about it. I wouldn’t have lasted more than a week, probably.

But I fantasize about a lot of things. On the way here, I was thinking about going to Mars, but it didn’t mean much. There is a lot of time during the day to think about a lot of things. In the book, I think that some people are misinterpreting my idle thinking as serious thinking. But I’m thinking about 12 things at once, a hundred- thousand times a day. Most people do, I would imagine. But you just choose to write certain things down. I picture my death 20 times a day. But doesn’t everybody briefly picture things like that? You have to be true to how active your brain is.

Do you think people treat your idle thoughts differently because in the midst of your idle thinking — about “The Real World,” about death — you also have custody of a small child? Do you think that people are judging you, wondering what will happen if your child gets caught playing out your idle thinking?

Well, there’s a choice. A child could be raised by Quakers or Mennonites in Pennsylvania. I think there is a strange American Puritanism, of course, that’s always there, right below the surface, that favors incredible simplicity and austerity for the raising of a child.

And I did too in a way. I really believe strongly that kids should be spared the runoff of their parents’ lives and problems. Chris [Toph] didn’t know — nor will my own kids — about my problems at work, or that I broke up with a person. I didn’t want to burden him with stuff like that.

How did you avoid that, especially as a single parent? How do you avoid him being around you when things happen?

Well, he would meet people. If I were seeing someone, he’d go out with us. I only really took him out with people that he’s known since he was born. These people are all his relatives, basically.

When I grew up, I didn’t know anything about anything. I didn’t know a swear word until I was like, 13, maybe. I couldn’t possibly utter one until well after that. We couldn’t say the word “God” in the house. We’d have to say, “Mom, Bill said the word ‘dog’ backwards.”

I remember my first friend in the world — who was at the reading in Berkeley the other night — when we were like, 8 or 9, asked me what “balls” were, just to test me. And I thought really hard about it, and I was like, “Well, it’s gotta be … your butt.” I couldn’t say “butt” at the time; I had to say “rear end.”

I didn’t know the first thing about drugs until maybe college. My parents didn’t idly talk about adult things and problems of the world and that kind of thing to us, and burden us with stuff. We were left to be kids.

It was the same way, as much as possible, with Toph. He didn’t see anything. And I believe in this. There were a few people, my age or my sister’s age, that didn’t know how to act. Some people are really fucked-up around kids. They think kids need to be deflowered intellectually. I remember a good friend of Toph’s in Berkeley, when he was about 10, knew absolutely everything about every conceivable drug-related subject — all the terms, all the slang. I had no idea what he was talking about. I don’t know where he got it. Maybe from his brother, maybe there was some talk in his home. The stuff that came out of his mouth was so old and icky and dirty. It was sort of sad, I think.

You mention in the book a mother who talks about allowing her son to smoke pot at home. She looks to you, thinking that as a young, hip parent, you will understand. Do you feel that other parents had the expectation that you would be more lenient than you actually were?

Yes, I think a lot of parents assumed that our house was a young bachelor pad, chaotic sort of thing. At one point, a neighbor of ours in Berkeley thought that when Toph didn’t want to play with her son. Toph and my older brother, Bill, and I were just sitting around and she burst into the house — unannounced, without knocking — and she said: “What’s going on? Just tell me what’s going on!” like really thinking that she was making a drug bust or something, just because Toph was avoiding her son, who was kind of dorky.

There was some of that, but usually once I would talk to them, the other parents were really incredibly nice and generous. I liked talking to them about parent stuff.

These were private schools. The parents in particular at San Francisco Day School were like, wonder parents. These guys were all just incredibly active and smart and they think hard about everything. I would recommend that school to anybody.

All the schools were rather generous. People were always nice to us. I went to public school all my life and all through college and I liked it. Toph went to private schools because we were never sure where we’d be living. They have endowments, they have people who are well off, who are paying more so that people with less can join in on the fun.

I’ve found that people who are writers or in magazines or doing hip, creative, interesting stuff have a horror of parenting at a young age. These are the people who won’t have kids — if at all — until their late 30s, at least. Do you feel that you did the same things you would have done as a young adult, regardless of your parental status?

Roughly. I think about this a lot. It’s an issue of the chicken or the egg. I never went out a whole lot. Never more than once a week, usually. I always attributed that fact to the conviction I had that something horrible would happen to my brother if I left, obviously, and that I would pay for it for the rest of my life. But a lot of it had to do with work. I like working. I like staying home and working on things and pretending to work on things. And half the time I prefer hanging out with Toph at home to just going to a bar. We had real fun. We had pingpong.

It sounds like you had pretty strict rules about dating. For instance, you never had people sleep over.

Oh, never. Never. It would be just too weird. It got comical here and there. He met many people that I dated, as any child of divorce will meet his mother’s dates.

If someone’s not comfortable around your child, that’s sort of a weeding out. I think that there’s some issues there. To think that kids are some other species that you have to act a certain way around, to be nervous around. I’ve had people who were very nervous around my 12-year-old brother. Whatever. And that’s a problem.

But you also said that you don’t want them to act the same way they would around adults, right?

Well, yeah. But there’s a pretty easy balance. You treat a kid with respect and as an adult you talk to them as if they’re smart people. But you don’t throw at them the trappings of adulthood and you know, the darker stuff. I’ve seen people throw that at kids — they prick them. Parents do too. They lean on them too hard with their own problems. They don’t need that. They want to know their parents are pretty invincible. And then they want to play. That’s it, you know. Let them play.

They certainly don’t want to think, “I hope Dad doesn’t break down again.” Growing up, my parents were pretty invincible. And that’s important. That allows you stability in your brain to develop other interests outside your family. No kid should have to worry, “Where am I going to be tomorrow?”

And that’s primarily in the formative years, I would say, like from 0 to 8, maybe. Those years should be trouble-free.

Obviously, my mom was a master, so she took care of that with Toph. So by the time he and I got together, it was pretty easy. She had done all the real work.

So do you feel that you were pretty consistent? Do you feel that you raised Toph the way you felt your mother would have done?

Yeah. Absolutely. She was a parenting genius. I’m not the only one who would say that. She taught for many years and had hundreds of kids and I think almost all of them would say that. You define a genius as someone who almost never has to second-guess what their instincts say, who knows things without ever having to be told them. Obviously, a lot of people are like that, parenting-wise — parenting is an instinctual thing — but a lot of people aren’t. And lot of people have to read books.

What do you think about parenting manuals?

I’ve never read a word of one. Nor will I ever. I’m sure that there are a lot of helpful ones out there. I don’t know much about it, though. That’s a different world. Like my mom, I kind of feel like I know it all, and I’m not going to let someone tell me what’s what. But I don’t read any self-help anything. It’s a genre I know nothing about.

Why did you decide to leave Chicago?

Gotta go. You can’t stay and fester in the community of your childhood. I don’t want to say that it’s always bad — fester is a tough word to use — but you know, because you have a young ‘un with you, it doesn’t mean you can’t move. And do. And I think in the long run, your child is going to respect that.

But how did you justify that to yourself? You decided that you were going sell the house, sell the furniture, take your child out of school and move across the country to a place neither of you had ever lived before.

We couldn’t afford to stay there. This was Lake Forest. This was not a cheap place to live.

But the Bay Area isn’t exactly cheap, either.

In Berkeley, we were paying about a $1,000 a month for a house. Beautiful little street, nice neighbors, which I imagine would have beat our mortgage out there in Lake Forest by a mile. And my sister, Beth, was in law school out in Berkeley, so everyone had sort of put their life on hold for a while anyway. So at that point, if you’re a kid, and you’re 8, do you want to be in a town where everyone knows exactly what happened to your parents? Or do you want to move?

So we got a fresh start. In a few weeks in our new school, no one knew anything. Kids don’t care.

But clearly they picked up on the fact that you were a lot younger than the other parents.

Yeah, sure, they picked up on that. But that just made it more fun.

I once lived with an old friend from high school. That was hard. I think we are especially vulnerable as single parents. We think that it will be easier to live with other people, but once you are sharing space with another person, your child becomes their roommate, too. And then they assume parental rights.

And you want to strangle them. The people around people like you and me are under a lot of weird stresses. They don’t know what it’s like. They sometimes want to second-guess you, which makes you want to throw them off a cliff. And I have severed relations here and there with people. I mean, after six years of doing this stuff and then they try to second guess me: It’s like, “Well, I’ll see you in hell.”

But we have young friends. And a lot of times, their ignorance comes through. Obviously, 10 years down the road, they’re never going to second-guess the decision of a fellow parent. Nor would they now second guess the decision of a 40-year-old parent. But they feel like they can do that with us. And that’s a problem. Because nobody knows better.

But on the one hand, there you are walking around the PTA meetings saying: “We’re special, we’re different, we’re better, we’re stars, we’re the thing, we’re the new thing. We’re the thing that nobody here can ever be because we’re young and free.” You want it both ways, right? Because you also want to have the fabulous power of reinventing parenthood in a way that seems more interesting. And yet you don’t want to lose the authority that comes from seniority and experience.

They’re not at all mutually exclusive.

Why not?

Just because you’re reinventing it? By innovating it, do you mean that you lose your grip on authority?

By insisting that you are not them. You define yourself as not being an older parent: You are not old, dumpy, boring, unable to play soccer. But at the same time, (in the book) when you have to prove your own authority to a friend, you scream: “I am a 40-year-old mother. Don’t ever forget that.”

Right. You want it both ways. Obviously. You want the moral authority. But you think that you know a bit more because you’re closer to the age. You probably think that your fellow parents are woefully out of it, and don’t know what’s what. I mean the closer you are to your daughter or brother or sister’s age, the more you feel like you can relate. And that means the world when you’re raising a kid, right?

But there’s also the danger that being too cool of a parent will cause your child to rebel.

I never rebelled. Not in any conventional way. I wanted to please my parents. When I liked an album, I wanted them to like it too. I was desperate to make connections with them, and I really liked doing that. So I don’t ever identify with the idea that you try to upset your parents in some deliberate way. I didn’t understand that. I never thought of it as an antagonistic relationship. It’s not that way with Toph and I because we’re part of the same thing. It’s a partnership.

Do you feel that it’s more of a partnership because you are his brother, not his parent?

No. It’s always been exactly the same. We’ve never been like brothers, like brothers who grew up together. It’s always been a hybrid of brother and parent ever since he was born. And it’s still that way.

I think that for people in our children’s situation, it’s less likely for them to rebel.

The problem is that being a single parent, especially a young single parent, you are told that you don’t have the moral authority, that because you are more like a pal than a parent, your child is more likely to lack the stability that a nuclear family provides, and more likely to have problems.

Well, there’s nothing on paper that can tell you how someone’s going to turn out. I think most of the damage is done by the time the kid is 4 years old. I believe very strongly in that.

Which means that you never could have done any damage. It was all set up by the time you became Toph’s guardian.

Sure. Don’t blame me.

No, I do think that the seed is planted in the first couple years. If the kid grows up in a loud or stressful household, they’re going to absorb that. At the developing stages, all external input has infinitely more influence than it does later on. I have so many vivid memories from when I was 3 that mean nothing. Why do I remember exactly how Uncle Ted threw me in the pool? And I can’t remember what I did yesterday.

Most of that stuff happens really early on and the only solution to anything like that is love. And if a child is provided enough love at all times, and he knows it, then fuck everything else. There’s just no way that you can go wrong. That’s the only thing that’s ever lacking, I think. Are you very clear to this person always that they mean absolutely everything to you and you’re behind them 100 percent? After that, it’s simple. Who cares about laundry and the house and what kind of food you eat?

Well, some people would say that that’s exactly what matters. That this is how kids get their sense of stability: Knowing that the house is clean and the laundry is done and the food is there is all part of the care and maintenance to provide a happy home.

No, that’s a smokescreen. That’s for people who don’t know what they’re doing. That stuff helps, sure. It’s nice to grow up in a house where everything is taken care of. Does it make a damn bit of difference if your parents are reluctant to express their affection to you? No. You’re going to end up shooting people from a tower in Texas. No matter how clean your laundry is. Take John Wayne Gacy: I’m sure his house was immaculate. It just all has to do with constant, unconditional love, as corny as that sounds.

So do you think that you’re ever going to have other kids?

Oh yeah, sure. I love kids. I’m going to have a bunch of kids.

But do you feel like you could be in a serious relationship with somebody and consider having children with them while Toph is still in the house?

No, you’re right there. Pretty soon he’ll be in college. I’m not saying I’ll do it any time soon. But I’ll do it. I’m never anywhere near as happy as I am when I’m in a house full of kids. I was just visiting a friend of mine who just had a baby. I had a reading in Berkeley. And there was just no way I wanted to go to that reading, not with this cute little thing. He smiled all the time and I had him on my lap and I was just like, I’m crazy to leave. I’ve spent most of my life around little kids. It’s certainly better than spending it around adults — so boring. No offense to you guys.

Why is it that everyone hates to admit to being adults? Why is it that no one wants to admit anymore that there are cool things about being an adult?

I don’t think that it is cool. It basically just means that you’ve accepted the fact that you’re slow and boring. Really. I have a lot of friends who do accept it: “I wear these clothes, because I’m an adult now.” Good God!

Most people would say that the truest sign of being an adult is becoming a parent, regardless of your age.

No, not at all. I would say that it’s completely unrelated. I mean, there are things about parenting that will mature you, for sure. But you know. Tell me something: When you meet people, do you draw a line between those who have been through stuff, who know what it’s like to struggle on a daily level to get things done? I mean, at 26, some of your friends must be incredibly immature by comparison. I used to always divide people like that. I would find that those whose parents had been divorced, if a parent had died, I could identify with them better. Any sort of breakage in the family unit will mature someone, will sober them a little bit. And they will understand that things aren’t always just so.

You probably find people who want to judge you, right?

Oh sure. But what I think is strange is that although you say that you do end up seeking out people who have some sort of breakage, these are the same things that you say you don’t want to expose your own children to. So this is the question: If you believe that hardship matures you, makes you interesting, and if you don’t believe in exposing your own children to hardship, are you then in danger of raising boring children?

No. They’ll absorb enough. Your daughter and my brother will know enough to know that they are — unusual — but there’s no reason to pound it home. You have to allow them to think that they’re just as good and just as normal — or in our case, better — than anyone else. You’re special. You’re chosen. But what you never want to do is use your situation as an excuse to wallow or fail. It just means that you’re that much more. It’s all an advantage.

Because, do you want to be like everybody else? I think that’s the question that you have to ask yourself, ask your daughter. And I think that people who would judge you and your daughter — and I’m sure that the things that were said to your daughter are similar to the things that were said to Toph, because you’re different. Oh, “You’re the one with no dad.” Or, “You’re the one with no parents.” Or, “You’re the one whose house is filthy.” Or, “You live in an apartment.”

It’s a badge of honor, though. Soon enough, they’ll realize that. Kids like to be considered normal so they can go ahead and get on with their lives and not have to worry about that. But soon enough, it turns 180 degrees, and the more normal you are, the more likely you are to be predestined for some boring, predetermined life.

It’s just like growing up with a silly name. Like one of my friends was Giacomo Calliendo. And we had another kid in high school named Gonzolo Chocano. And my best friend in the world is named Flagg. And you get all the shit in the world for that. But at this point, who would you rather be: Giacomo, Calliendo or Dave?

It’s the same thing with your upbringing. Who wouldn’t envy someone who was brought up on ships sailing the Pacific? Or was brought up in Nova Scotia? Normalcy is OK to a point — but what do you get for it? Nothing. You’ve lived your life in a normal way. And then, you’ve got a problem. Because what have we been seeking this whole time? Anonymity and normalcy? I mean, you’re dead and you’re glad that you were so normal? And you’re glad that your familial structure was as normal as possible and your parents were just the right age? Strange thing, you know. Very strange.

And in the end, at least in the existential sense, you only have what you have, you know. Unless you’re saving it for some other world, and I don’t know anything about that. I don’t know if there’s some other world. So you try to make it as interesting as possible here.

So if you later decide to have kids at a sensible age, in your late 30s, with a stable income, a good career and a nuclear family, then what do you do?

You have to manufacture chaos.

Exactly.

That’s a recurring theme in the book: The manufacture of chaos. Trying to make seemingly safe lives seemingly dangerous to satisfy that primal urge for danger.

And yet, I know many 40-year-old mothers who tell me that they are just as insane, just as unconventional as I am. Is there really a divide between young parents and 40-year-old mothers? Or are we 40-year-old mothers?

We can’t possibly be. I think kids feel the difference. And they see the difference, when we show up at parent-teacher conferences.

I love the parent-teacher conferences in your book.

I didn’t even go into them all the way in the book. At times, there would be three of us: me, my older brother Bill, who is an arch conservative, and then my sister, Beth, who is way left. And we would be barraging them with questions about their curriculum. We all thought we were so smart. And we were the same age as most of these teachers, so we felt like we knew the game, we knew what was up with them. But we also had the moral authority to question them on the very foundation. So it was fun.

Amy Benfer is a freelance writer in Brooklyn, N.Y.

Sleuthing for my father

On her death bed my mother revealed a shocking secret. Now I am trying to solve its mystery

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Sleuthing for my father (Credit: Zach Trenholm/Salon)

Dear Advice,

The last thing my mom said to me was, “When I was young …” and then she died. I had no idea what she was trying to tell me. Then I found a letter she had written to a friend saying that the man she was in love with is my actual biological father.

My dad and I were in shock with the DNA results and now I have spent countless hours trying to find out who this man is. I can’t ask anyone as they are all dead and my dad said it must have been this guy who was in town for a short time while attending ammunition-inspector school in Savanna, Ill., but didn’t know a name.

I hired an archival researcher and a private investigator but no one can help me. Can you help me? I found out that many people came from all over the U.S. to attend this school and all I need is a list of names from around November 1961.  Please, please help me.

Into the Past

Dear Into the Past,

I love a mystery. I’m tempted to begin investigating myself. But I can’t do that. So you will have to keep at it.

It is hard to sustain a search without regular encouragement. So while I can’t fly there and help you look, I can offer encouragement to keep looking. Setbacks are to be expected. It will be slow going. You have to keep moving forward.

You may have begun to feel hopeless and want to give up. But if you give up you’ll never find out. At least if you keep at it until you have exhausted every avenue, you will have an answer. The answer may be that this man’s identity will never be known. At least that would be an answer. You will want the satisfaction of knowing you have done everything possible. So keep at it. If you become discouraged, take a break. Find elements of the investigation you can perform without expending much energy. But keep it going.

Be ready for your mind to play tricks on you. If discovering your biological father’s identity evokes any fear or uncertainty at all, then you may feel tired or discouraged because part of you does not even want to know. You may have thoughts like, Oh, who cares! Why bother! Beware of such thoughts. Your feeling that no one can help you may be one of those thoughts. Beware of the voice in you that says it is hopeless. That is the voice that really does not want to know.

But the real authentic you does want to know. Knowing where we come from is a deep human longing.

You hired an archival researcher and a private investigator. If their initial work turned up nothing, that is not so unusual. Such an investigation requires dogged thoroughness, going over ground already covered, doing things by rote even when it seems senseless, beginning yet again, trying illogical options on the off chance that something may lead to something. It can be maddening.

But there must be an answer! How many people can there be who attended ammunition-inspector school in Savanna, Ill., in November 1961?

The military keeps records. If this was a military operation there must be records. If there are records then they can be found. If you keep looking you will find them.

This column has many astute and creative readers. Perhaps one or more of them will have ideas or knowledge that may be helpful.

Good luck on your quest!

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Cary Tennis

Cary Tennis writes Salon's advice column, leads writing workshops and creative getaways, publishes books, writes an occasional newsletter and tweets as @carytennis.

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Where did the money go?

My parents went bankrupt twice. Suddenly I can't go to the college I want. They make good money. I don't understand

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Where did the money go? (Credit: Zach Trenholm/Salon)

Dear Cary,

I am 24 years old. Sometimes I get so angry that it is hard to function. Other times I get very anxious and I feel like I am on the verge of a breakdown. I think it stems from my parents. I don’t know what to do, and I need your advice.

My father is an engineer for a large oil company, and my mother works in a doctor’s office. My father has always been steadily employed (although I have lived in three different states growing up because of his job). However, I feel like my family has always been struggling financially. This has deeply affected me, especially when I graduated from college in a time when jobs were difficult to find. One problem is that I am not sure why it is this way — they live in a nice house, but definitely not one out of their means. They do not buy nice cars, and we did not go on vacations growing up. They do not eat out very often or buy anything that would be considered luxurious.

However, they have filed for bankruptcy twice.

My mom has worried about the electricity getting turned off because my dad did not pay it for two months, I have had my cellphone turned off multiple times, and there was a period of time where creditors were constantly calling. They have not been able to provide for me in a way where I felt like my basic needs were met (not just financially). The only thing that makes sense is that I am the oldest of four children and my youngest brother is autistic. He is 14, and was diagnosed 10 years ago. He is very bright, and is high-functioning (although it was worse when he was younger, and he would get violent). My mom was obsessed with trying to make him better and paid for expensive therapists of all kinds — supplements, medicine, you name it. That probably contributed to it significantly, but the first time they filed for bankruptcy, I don’t even think he was born.

I feel no sense of security in my life. I feel like I have had to shoulder a lot of responsibility prematurely. My mother was abused growing up, and she was absent from most of my childhood (not literally, but absent as a parent). The only real memories I have of her were of when she would lay in bed all day, and very little else. I was told a lot later in my life that when I was young she went to a treatment facility for a nervous breakdown and once was close to killing herself. Even when I was young, I had to do most things for myself, since my dad worked. I have an OK relationship with her now, but I don’t think it’s a typical mother-daughter relationship. If I have a problem, she does not offer to help in any way, she merely says, “sorry.” She has told me that she has too many problems going on in her life and that she can’t hear any of mine.

My mom and dad are still married, but their marriage is dysfunctional, and I have never seen them happy. My dad seems to be harboring a lot of anger and resentment from things that happened many years ago, and he doesn’t know how to deal with it. He spent my whole childhood telling me that we were a normal family and I believed it for a long time. I assumed a lot of dysfunctions were OK.

Most people consider me to be smart, and I did well in high school and college, even though it didn’t seem to matter that much to anyone else that I did well. When I was 18 and applying for colleges, my dad said he’d pay half if I went to one of the large public universities that was fairly close to home. It was not my first choice, but I went. The day before my new student conference, my mom told me I couldn’t go there because they didn’t have any money to pay for it and I needed to go to a cheaper school. With school starting in a couple weeks, that wasn’t even a viable option. My dad was still in denial about the whole thing, and I was left to fend for myself again. I went there, and I got by the first year without having to take any loans, and I got a few scholarships, but I ended up having to take some private loans after that. I filled out the FAFSA, but my parents made too much for me to qualify for anything other than some meager federal loans and the work-study program. I felt like college was supposed to be this liberating experience where I learned all this great information that challenged me. It was like that in some ways, but it was also extremely stressful because I had no money and did not know how I was going to make it sometimes. I worked through college, but that barely paid for anything. Almost every person I encountered had parents that were well-off. Very rarely did I encounter someone in my situation. I have been struggling financially trying to manage everything, but I feel so overwhelmed. When I get like this, it’s like my anger toward my parents gets unleashed, and I can’t keep it together. I feel like I could’ve gone to a much more prestigious school and not been saddled with debt if they had helped me like they were supposed to. I had always wanted to go to law school, but that was something I couldn’t even consider because of my undergrad debt. My best friend in college went to an Ivy League for law school, and sometimes I feel like I should’ve been there too. I am just as smart and capable. With the horror stories I hear about law school though, I am somewhat grateful I didn’t go. I wish I had had the opportunity to choose though.

My relationship with my dad is very strained now. We were very close when I was younger, and I am not sure why it changed. My dad has anger problems, and those have scarred a lot of my memories as a teenager.

A couple of years ago, I took my first job out of college and had to relocate for six months for a training program. While I was there, I was raped by a co-worker. My dad didn’t even call me to see if I was OK, and my mom said she couldn’t visit me because she didn’t have enough money for a plane ticket. That was a very low point in my life because I was in a state where I didn’t know anyone and the job made me feel completely isolated. I saw a therapist who helped me realize that I had a big drinking problem, but I did not deal with the anger. My whole goal was just to be able to function and get through it so I could move back.

The rape was traumatic, but there are many instances in my life where I feel I have been victimized. I feel like it’s because I have always sort of had to fend for myself, and I do not know how to respond or deal with it appropriately. Right now I work with someone who is always yelling, and I feel like I become a little girl again just trying to make the yelling go away. This makes me hate my job, which is already very stressful. I want a new job, but it’s not that easy to just get a new one.

The only person who has been supportive is my boyfriend, but he can’t solve my problems. He is still in school, which is a sore subject for me. I feel like I have very few friends that I can reach out to. I feel like a loner a lot of the time. I think I have learned to hide a lot of this well, though. I think a lot of people that don’t really know me think I am materialistic and somewhat high maintenance. I don’t think I am really that way, but it makes me feel better to have people think that than to think I am a very damaged person who can barely keep it together.

I am sorry this is so long and convoluted, but I am trying to make sense of everything and get past my negative emotions. I see a therapist, I took an antidepressant for three years (which I think was not very helpful), I try to exercise regularly, I have stopped drinking. I just feel like without the drinking I have all these emotions that are haunting me, and I have no way of numbing them.

I have tried very hard to deal with them and move on, but I can’t. I just get stuck focusing on it. Sometimes I feel like things in my life have gotten better, and then something will happen to me that knocks me on my ass and I am back to facing the same emotions. I have made a lot of progress in the last three years, but I still have so much more to go. Sometimes I feel like there’s no point in trying to keep living, because it’s just a vicious cycle that never ends. I feel like I only have one person that really cares, but he doesn’t know how to make it better.

Don’t get me wrong, I felt like I was in hell three years ago. I have made great strides since then. However, all of this makes me feel like one day I’ll trip and fall and just not be able to get back up.

Thanks,

Angry

Dear Angry,

This advice column runs long letters. People have long stories. We like to hear the whole story. That doesn’t mean we can fix everything.

Plumbing can be fixed. But here, there is no little problem to fix. There is instead a life to honor.

You have been hurt by your family. You have been raped by a co-worker and then abandoned by your family when you needed them. You wanted things and thought you would have them and then they were snatched away. Secrets have been kept from you. You feel great anger at your family, and you have drowned that anger in drinking, and now you feel confused and don’t know what to do.

So what can you do? I suggest you continue therapy and look into the archetypal, emotional and philosophical roots of your feelings about money — perhaps by looking into Inner Economics. Also, examine the teachings of Murray Bowen in family systems, which can help you decode the baffling effects of your family life.

Money is treated by many as a problem to be solved analytically, but often we feel too crazy about money to calmly do the problem-solving. We need first to confront our emotional conflicts about what money is and what it means.

This may sound out of the blue, but it is what I want to say: Ask yourself, What is the best part of you? What is the most alive, creative, singing part of you? What part of you really shines? Where is it that you feel most alive, most sure of yourself, in control — the place where forces greater than you seem to come into play and you work in tandem with them? In what situations do you achieve flow? Concentrate on these things for a while.

Train yourself to take note of your attractions. When you are attracted to something — clothes, or music, or ideas — give yourself permission to investigate. I suggest this because when we are dysfunctional about money, when things have been withheld from us, when we have been betrayed, we tend to believe that there is nothing in life we can have; everything is too expensive or beyond our means, or will be snatched away from us. So we impoverish ourselves. There are ways to get the things you truly need, the things that will complete you. This sounds a little mystical, but it need not be at all. It is as simple as saying, Hey, I like to play a round of golf on the weekends. “Normal” people do this all the time. It’s just those of us who grew up in strange and mysterious dysfunctional houses who think we can’t have any of those things.

You can have the things you want. Allow yourself to feel sad about the things that have happened. Allow yourself to work for the things you want.

Allow yourself.

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Cary Tennis

Cary Tennis writes Salon's advice column, leads writing workshops and creative getaways, publishes books, writes an occasional newsletter and tweets as @carytennis.

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Me and baby, living at Mom’s

I got pregnant young, got married young and already we're separated. Now what?

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Me and baby, living at Mom's (Credit: Zach Trenholm/Salon)

Dear Reader,

I’m taking a little vacation down in Florida. It may be possible to conduct a couple of writing workshops while I’m down there, if a space and people can be arranged. I’ll be in Fort Lauderdale Thursday the 5th, then the Gainesville area from Friday the 6th until Sunday or Monday, and then back in Fort Lauderdale the 10th through 12th. Email me if you’d like to attend or help set something up. It would be great to meet some interested people and write together.

The column should resume Monday, April 16.

Dear Cary,

I’m a 20-year-old female. I’ve been married for just a little under one year now. I also have a healthy 7-month-old son. I only had a relationship with my husband for one month before we got engaged. Two months after that I got pregnant.

Everything was great up until the engagement. The pregnancy made things a little better for about two months. We got married around the time I was 4 months. As time passed things got worse and we got distant. He has been all about himself and only did things for me to get stuff out of it for himself. He has been tempted to cheat and has talked inappropriately to other girls during our whole marriage. I finally got tired of it and I’m now at my mom’s. He wants me to come home but I can’t bring myself to do it.

He is horrible with money and we would have to get money from family to get the baby what he needs and get us food too. He left me in the hospital while I was 8 and a half months pregnant.

He still tries to bribe me to come back and it’s all about him again. He wants me to give him the rest of my money but I’m about to get my license and my sister is giving me her old car. It feels like he doesn’t want me to have money so I can’t get anything and I’ll need him. He makes $600 biweekly while I make less than $300. Although I love him I’m not in love with him. It feels like I stayed with him for the baby. Now I don’t know what to do. Should I go back and try to work it out even though I gave him a bunch of chances before and he hasn’t changed, or should I leave him for good? I’m torn between the two. Everyone says I should finally leave him but I’m not sure. Can you help?

Torn

Dear Torn,

It’s probably best for now that you take care of your baby and stay at your mother’s. You’re safe, you’re healthy and you have a healthy baby. If your mother will keep you there, then you have a stable place to raise this kid. You don’t need a man in your life right now. You need to concentrate on surviving, making a decent living and providing for your kid.

That may seem hard at times. You may feel lonely and truly want your husband. You may miss the intimacy and the good times. But your life has changed. You have some very grown-up challenges now.

It won’t be like this forever. At least maintain the situation as it is for a year or two and see how things go. Make stability your chief priority. Try to eliminate all the distractions and drama from your life right now, and just concentrate on raising your baby. Be grateful for your mom’s help and support. These are crucial months for your baby. The stronger you are, the more secure you feel, the better it will be for your baby.

Later, when you feel you have some breathing room, you can think about longer-term plans. Maybe your husband will fit into those plans and maybe not.

Can you stay with your mother while you endeavor to perhaps finish a college degree or get some training in a business or trade? Can she take care of the child while you are out of the house, or does she also have many outside obligations? How long can you imagine living with her? Are things OK or are they tense? If things are OK now, it may be that you and she could raise this child for the next few years. Then you could move out when the child is a little older and you’re on your feet financially.

These are the kinds of things you will need to think about.

Time is going to fly by. Since you are young, your perception of time is that of a young person. But marriage and child-rearing happen over years and decades. So does your relationship with your mother. These are slow-moving, evolving things. They require the long view. Your best decisions will not be based on how you feel right this moment, but on how things will be in three to five years.

So take some time to visualize how you want things to be in three to five years. Think about your baby and what will be happening then.

It’s hard for some people, myself included, to do this kind of thinking. We like to live in the moment. But planning does not necessarily require a calendar and a calculator. One way to start planning is to simply visualize things. Think about how you want it to be. Clip pictures from magazines or print images from the Internet that represent how you want things to be. Surround yourself with images of your ideal life. When you feel tense or frightened or confused, spend time visualizing the life you want to have. If you can imagine it, you can at least head in that direction. Then when people with some experience in life see your vision they can say, Hey, here is how you get from here to there.

Your child’s father at some point will most likely want to be in his life. That could be a positive thing. Your child will probably want to know his or her father. So do what you can to maintain a good relationship with him, even if you are apart. Just don’t let him take over your life; don’t believe his promises. Believe only what you see. He may not be mature enough and stable enough right now but that could change. So try not to burn your bridges. Just tell him that right now you have to do what’s healthiest and most financially stable for you and the baby.

Be kind to your mother. She may get on your nerves from time to time but she is really saving your life. Take advantage of her willingness to help. She is probably excited about having a grandchild and will enjoy helping, but may feel at times that she’s overworked.

All the important people in your life are growing up. You’re all changing. There are great surprises and challenges ahead. Welcome to adult life!

Just take it one day at a time. You’ll be OK. You’ll get through this, things will get easier, and one day you’ll look back in amazement.

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Cary Tennis

Cary Tennis writes Salon's advice column, leads writing workshops and creative getaways, publishes books, writes an occasional newsletter and tweets as @carytennis.

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I had to move back in with my dad

I'm a grown woman who lost her job. Now I'm living with a man who won't wash his hands

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I had to move back in with my dad (Credit: Zach Trenholm/Salon)

Dear Cary,

I need your help in determining if I am an ungrateful daughter or person reacting to a shitty situation. I am a 38-year-old woman who, like many Americans, has lost my job due to the recession. However, I do bartend part time. Needless to say, I was experiencing financial difficulties and because I couldn’t find a job I decided to attend school in an effort to make myself more employable. My father expressed how impressed he was with my educational endeavors and made me an offer that I could not refuse. He said that I could live in one of his rental houses until I was out of school and I would only be responsible for utilities. This was music to my ears. Within no time I was packing my bags and moving out of my apartment. I moved to the house and paid to get new carpet and tile installed as well as have the house painted. My father was working on getting the house up to code so that it would pass inspection and after the inspection he was supposed to go back to live out of state. Here it is one and a half years later and my father has not left. The carpet that I purchased is completely ruined and so are the tile floors.

Why? you may ask. Because he is a complete and utter slob! He grew up on a farm and spends lots of time outside tending to his garden and fixing his many lawnmowers that he has fished out of the trash. I spend hours cleaning, all for him to destroy the house in literally a matter of minutes. It is ridiculous. To add insult to injury he does not wash his hands … EVER. Not even after going poo … I feel like I was hoodwinked and bamboozled, because there is no way in hell I would have ever put myself in a situation to live with one of my parents at this point and time in my life. I have expressed my frustration with the situation, but he doesn’t want to ever talk about it. I want to move, but right now I am not financially stable and I am so close to finishing school, I don’t want to jeopardize my studies.

Grown Woman Living in Daddy’s House

Dear Grown Woman Living in Daddy’s House

I don’t think you are an ungrateful daughter. I think you are a person reacting to a shitty situation in an understandable way.

After years of being self-sufficient you’ve been thrown back into dependent daughterhood. That has got to trigger some feelings you’re not prepared for. That’s got to be tough on the ego. It would be hard for it not to matter how well your father handled it.

And he’s not handling it all that sensitively, one must say. When our  survival is symbolically threatened, we sometimes reassure ourselves by making our immediate surroundings clean and healthy and spotless. It’s a good thing to do if you’re feeling threatened and insecure; it can cheer you up to clean house. So here’s an interesting symbolic contradiction: Here you have come to your dad to help you survive, and he is providing for you, yet also doing things that symbolically threaten your survival: Dirt, poo, infection, disease, loss of control!

Subconsciously it may be felt as aggression: Your dad is threatening your survival rather than nurturing it. He’s bringing danger into the house. He’s bringing dirt and disease into the house, meaning, symbolically, into your body. So he’s polluting you when you are trying to regain your strength. The literal-minded may quibble but we’re talking about emotions that take place below our conscious awareness, in the language of symbols.

On the surface he’s doing you a favor, and good for him. But he’s also not admitting your personhood or your power: He’s retaining his own power over his own place. That’s the prerogative of property ownership in a society that worships property. You are expected to grant him the prerogatives of ownership. But he’s not accommodating you, really, as a person. It may even feel as though he’s trying to push you out.

His hospitality may be begrudging; his messing up the house may be passive-aggressive; he probably wants to go on living as he is accustomed to living. There may also be some unspoken disapproval of your reversal of fortune, and perhaps a little unspoken “I told you so,” if you have been too independent for his liking. He may even be enjoying being the father to a relatively helpless daughter once again — a daughter who cannot force him to wipe his feet.

Assuming your parents are divorced, is he also repeating a pattern of conflict he had with your mother? Could be. They could have had fights over just such things. If those fights led to their divorce, you may also be experiencing uncomfortable memories of an earlier symbolic threat to your survival. Also, not to jump ahead, but this could also be a preview of the role reversal that happens as your dad ages and weakens and you take on the role of caretaker, being sure he washes his hands and wipes his feet, as a mother would do in raising a child.

But that’s just the messy symbolic stuff it’s my job to dredge up. On the surface, in the practical present, you’re a capable adult woman in control of her life and career. You’ve made yourself a plan that requires you to do some compromising. That’s what this is: It’s a conscious compromise. You’re still making your own choices. This is just temporary.

You’ve found shelter in a bad time. Your dad is your ally. He loves you. He’s providing you a place.  He’s doing what he can, in his way.

Hang in there, finish your course of study, thank your dad and stay positive. When you look back on this, as uncomfortable as it is now, you’ll be grateful there was a place for you to go. With the passage of time it may even become a fond if bittersweet memory.

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Cary Tennis

Cary Tennis writes Salon's advice column, leads writing workshops and creative getaways, publishes books, writes an occasional newsletter and tweets as @carytennis.

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I’ve never had a drink in my whole life

Because of a family history, I've never touched a drop. And then there was a toast and we raised our glasses ...

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I've never had a drink in my whole life (Credit: Zach Trenholm/Salon)

Dear Cary,

I’ve read your column often, and I think you can help me since you yourself have dealt with the consequences of addiction.

I really don’t know who else to turn to with this particular problem since most self-help books don’t deal with people who don’t drink.

I am in my mid-20s. In a nutshell, I was raised as an only child in a single-parent home with an alcoholic mother, who self-medicated with wine to deal with depression.

I know she loved me more than anything, and she sacrificed a lot to try to give me a good life, but as a kid, I felt as if I was battling her alcoholism for her. I would constantly find single-serving wine bottles stuffed between couch cushions, and it was an almost nightly occurrence for her to drink herself to sleep, leaving the house a mess and me to throw away the empty bottles and rinse out the glasses she would leave next to the couch. After she would go to bed, it was usually a coin flip whether or not she would rise from her sleep to stalk around the house staring blindly at everything and shouting incoherently. More than once she, thoroughly drunk, thought I was a burglar and tried to attack me. The first time this happened I was 11, and in her mind she had gone back in time and thought I was going to steal her baby (me). She nearly strangled me.

What made my childhood much easier was the fact that I had grandparents nearby who did not seem to struggle with alcoholism or poverty or depression. They were good people who seemed to rise above all the stupidity we are capable of. In fact they helped my mother make ends meet on a few occasions, and they always seemed to come to the rescue when we were in a jam. I felt more often than not that my grandparents were like my real parents, and my mother was like some big crazy sister who loved me a lot but was still trying to figure things out.

And from a young age, the lesson they kept quietly teaching me was that alcoholism was a demon in our family. It ran in our blood, and had ruined cousins, uncles and sisters. And the best way to avoid this fate was not to start at all.

And for my part I promised myself that I would never drink, or smoke, or do drugs.

And I never did.

A lot of people may not believe me, but I have never so much as sipped a beer, or taken a drag from a cigarette. And there is my problem. Everyone who knows me knows that I don’t drink, and I feel like I’ve put myself in this box where I will never drink.

This was fine for my early 20s, and in some ways I felt superior for not having blown hundreds of dollars at the bars, or woken up with hangovers, or been so drunk I couldn’t remember what happened to me. I have always been in control of my life, and that is something I take pride in.

But I also feel like there is this whole side to life that I may be missing out on, and that maybe I should relax these rules I’ve created for myself. I feel that a lot of people can’t relate to the fact I don’t drink, and I also would sometimes really like to be able to have a beer with my friends and be their equal, and not this always-sober outsider. A few weeks ago at a champagne brunch with friendly strangers who didn’t know I don’t drink, the waiter poured me a glass of champagne, and when they toasted I held it up and looked at it for a long time before I realized my wife was staring at me.

What to do?

Dear What to Do,

Testing yourself for alcoholism is like testing yourself for flammability. You’re probably not. But what if you are?

“Given the fact that alcohol-dependence seems highly heritable,” why take the risk?

Why not instead ask what needs alcohol might satisfy, and then find other ways to satisfy those same needs? Why not seek safe, life-enhancing alternatives to drinking? Why not read Abraham Maslow and design your life around the quest for peak experiences?

We raise our glasses and drink ceremonially to sanctify some event or passage. We all drink from the same bottle. By imbibing the same drink, we are joined; it is a kind of sacrament. You can mime the gestures but something pulls you to fully engage. Of course it does. This is not just about getting a little champagne in your mouth. It is a powerful ritual.

My suggestion is to find even better ways, more direct, honest and compelling ways to have this same ritual bonding and expression of shared esteem and purpose. I suggest you make this a lifelong pursuit. Make it a way of undoing for good the perhaps multigenerational history of alcoholism in your family.

This way, if those who dispute the role of genes in alcoholism are correct, and behavioral factors are more important, then you will still be doing something to eradicate certain behaviors that were leading to case after case of alcoholism. You will be finding something that members of your family have a particular need for, and satisfying that need.

Look for something that seems cool but not too cool, something you’ve always wanted to do, something you’re drawn to, that’s maybe a little outside your normal range but not totally kooky and weird.

For instance, it may be possible to participate in the ecstatic communality of a sweat lodge. I don’t know. Maybe a sweat lodge would be too weird for you. I don’t know how much facial hair you have, or what your body mass index is. I’m just saying, identify the underlying principle and then find something that suits your social tastes.

That there are things wrong in the world, that there are things so awful in this world that knowledge of them drives us to want to blot them out of consciousness. Read today’s piece by Noam Chomsky, for instance, for a reminder of how thinly “normal American life” veils our history of brutal atrocities.

How are you supposed to think about these things and not feel as though you are going mad? How are you supposed to have a conscience and not feel trapped by history? How are you to take all this in, as a young person? How to reconcile knowledge of evil done in one’s name with the innocent desire to believe in one’s country, to identify with one’s countrymen, to feel strong and patriotic and confident about the future?

These, too, are legitimate questions. So, my friend, I urge you to take seriously the genetic and environmental risk factors for alcoholism, and actively seek ways to have ecstatic experiences in this insane world without killing yourself. Adopt adaptive behaviors that don’t make things worse.

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Cary Tennis

Cary Tennis writes Salon's advice column, leads writing workshops and creative getaways, publishes books, writes an occasional newsletter and tweets as @carytennis.

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