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Trump wants to undermine Mitch McConnell and Kevin McCarthy before midterms: former GOP lawmaker

Reacting to a report that Donald Trump is giving serious thought to announcing his 2024 presidential run very soon, one former GOP lawmaker suggested the former president has multiple motives — one of them being undercutting the GOP leadership team of Sen. Mitch McConnell and House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy.

Appearing on MSNBC on Sunday afternoon, ex-Rep. Dave Jolly (R-FL) said a Trump announcement is likely coming soon.

After being asked if other possible GOP contenders are lining up, Jolly made his prediction.

“Donald Trump is going to plan an announcement for two reasons,” he began. “One, vanity, secondly, strategy.”

“The vanity is he cannot let Kevin McCarthy and Mitch McConnell retake Congress and make the story about McCarthy and Mitch McConnell,” he explained. “He has to make Republicans resurgent in November about him, so he has to jump in front of the parade — that’s vanity.”

“Strategy is because [Florida Gov.] Ron DeSantis is nipping at his heels,” he added. “As soon as Ron DeSantis is reelected in Florida, should that happen, all eyes will turn toward whether Ron DeSantis is running. I actually think Ron DeSantis is running. I think he is currently passing Donald Trump, and it’s very easy for DeSantis after his November election.”

Watch the segment on YouTube.

“Endeavour” creator on drying out the “heroic drunk” detective myth and plans for the series’ end

Endeavour Morse’s affection for ale and whiskey is one of the character quirks Colin Dexter wrote into his detective in his novels. When John Thaw brought “Inspector Morse” to TV in the 1990s, audiences came to accept Morse and Sergeant Lewis’ (Kevin Whately) regular pops into the pub to mull over a case while enjoying a pint.

Morse’s habit was part of his persona in the original series. Its prequel “Endeavour,” set in the ’60s and early ’70s, establishes that the detective didn’t start out that way. But the years have taken a toll on Shaun Evans’ Endeavour Morse, and as the three films that comprise Season 8 show us, his drinking habit is getting in the way of his relationships and his ability to do his job.

In Sunday’s season finale “Terminus,” Morse doesn’t so much solve the case as salvage it, not before he’s warned by his mentor and partner DCI Thursday (Roger Allam). “The drink’s a good servant, but a poor master,” Thursday tells him, adding later, “You’re young. You’re smart. Break the habit before it breaks you.”

In an interview prior to the finale’s Stateside debut on PBS, series creator Russell Lewis tells Salon that it was Evans’ idea to investigate his character’s relationship with drinking, an especially poignant choice given how close the series is to ending. Lewis is fond of writing subtle Easter eggs into “Endeavour”; one that acknowledges the drama’s curtain call is nearly upon us comes at the episode’s end when Morse casually takes in the snow-crusted landscape and remarks, “Beginning to thaw.”

RELATED: The alluring mystery of “Endeavour”

This also means the creative developments Lewis and Evans explore in this version of Endeavour Morse may impact the way people view the inspector that Thaw made famous, as Lewis explained to Salon in a recent interview conducted over Zoom.

The cast and crew are currently in the midst of filming the ninth and final season in the U.K., which Lewis teased a bit during our conversation. Beforehand, we talked about the purposeful handling of Morse’s alcohol dependency and why Evans was keen on leaning into that side of his character.

This interview has been edited for length and clarity.

People have noted the puzzle hints throughout the season, and particularly in this finale, indicating that the bridge between “Endeavour” and “Inspector Morse” is solidly visible now.

I mean, that’s always been underpinning everything we do, really, from the start. Obviously, there’s going to be a sort of 15-year gap between our ending and its beginning. We always based it on the televisual incarnation of Endeavour Morse rather than Colin’s books, which  if we were following that, he’d be an inspector within three years, by 1975. So we’ve always cleaved to the TV incarnation as being the thing we have to link up to, basically.

All I ever wanted, really, was to fill in some of those blanks and solve some of those mysteries about his character. With any retrofitting show, you’re having to map your own geography. There’s hints and clues in the series, there’s hints and clues in the books. And we just drew on those to feather in his background, I guess.

“We wanted to start out with a fairly optimistic, hopeful young man, and take him apart bit by bit.”

He’s still I think, in story time, he’s around about 30, early 30s. I suppose I always felt by the time we got to “Morse” when I was watching — when I was younger — you know, he’s a middle-aged guy. So [Endeavour] is not going to be that middle-aged man by the time we get to the end, I suppose, is a long way of saying that.

Just as a refresher, I looked at the finale of “Inspector Morse” to see how he ended. As series finales go, it’s a pretty famous closer. In particular, there’s a scene where the doctor said, in so many words, “If you take care of yourself and stop drinking so much, maybe your heart won’t give out.” And he essentially refuses to do that. Did you watch that before you started on this arc?

No. I mean, I kind of I watched them all when they were on originally. And those sort of things kind of seep in, I guess. I hadn’t forgotten them in the interim. But no, I didn’t. It wouldn’t have been helpful, going back and rewatching it all. With those waypoints in mind, we set out on winding up our part of the journey. Should I wish to do it, there’s 15 years I’m told still. But we’re happy to bow out when we’re bowing out, I think.

What were the parts of the puzzle of Endeavour Morse that you wanted to make sure to click into place as you progressed, not only for these final episodes but since the start?

When we started, we didn’t want the audience to feel that all of those pieces were in place. So our job over these 36 films, I suppose, has been to knock the emotional, soft stuff out of him, if you’ll forgive me. To constantly apply pressure to him psychologically and emotionally to get him to a point where you could see, oh, yes, that’s how he became who he is. You know, the child is father to the man. But we wanted to start out with a fairly optimistic, hopeful young man, and take him apart bit by bit.

He was never playing from a position of strength with his early life: losing his mother, a rather unsympathetic stepmom, not a great relationship with his father. A stranger in his own house, really, from about the age of 12, after his mother dies and goes to live with his father and stepmother. “Oh what a lonely boy.”  I suppose that that was the jumping off point.

EndeavourEndeavour (Courtesy of Mammoth Screen and MASTERPIECE)

Also, he’s made of different stuff. The things that speak to him are not the things that spoke to the people that he was living with as a child, or a young man.

By the time we meet him as the young detective, he’s all corners, you know. He’s kind of spiky and edgy,  but filled with this desperate longing to connect with another human being. And that’s where we came in with him, really, to see how that might eventually be molded through circumstance into an approximation of the later incarnation of Morse. And it’s been a great pleasure over the last 11 years to knock holes out of him, psychologically, emotionally.

The drinking in this season was something Shaun very much wanted to do. What I didn’t want to do, I didn’t want to do a heroic drunk. Because that I find a bit dishonest.

Well, let’s expand on that, because certainly there are a number famous cop shows that, as you say, feature heroic drunks. “NYPD Blue” is one classic that comes to mind, specifically Detective Andy Sipowicz.  In this season’s finale mystery, his drinking problem becomes an impediment to solving the case. How did you formulate that twist?

I mean, it’s a spur that makes him turn it around, I think. You have to touch bottom before you can kind of start to come back up again. And I think for him, he’s a fairly dignified character, you know. He a man who loves literature and music. And falling down stairs on buses, is probably not what he aspires to. But particularly when it had such ramification . . . you know, the one thing he’s always been able to hold on to, and it’s the thing that’s kind of cost him dearly in his relationships, has been his brilliance as a detective.

When Thursday realizes  what took place on that bus, I think that’s the big thing that pulls him up short. The heroic thing after that is he tries to straighten out. I think that’s the heroic thing.

Audiences accept certain quirks and habits in their TV detectives, don’t they? With “Inspector Morse,” his habit of drinking a pint of real ale and whiskey was just a part of his character. But this changes the way we look at that, doesn’t it?

“The heroic drunk [is] a choice, you know. But I didn’t want to endorse that.”

Completely. Well, it was as much about addressing a request from Shaun that we go down that road. But you’ve also got to find a way of leaving him intact by the time we finish what we’re doing, which is a functioning alcoholic.

We’ve had Max talk about it in the past, I think, Dr. Debryn? “Such-and-such character liked a drink,” you know. That’s the euphemism for a kind of alcoholism, or borderline alcoholism or functioning alcoholism.  So that’s where we’ve got to leave him.

I think that the views of “Morse,” you know, probably didn’t quite see it to that degree, that he’s a functioning alcoholic. But that is, in fact, what he is. It’s managing it and so he doesn’t go down with the kind of blackouts that he’s having, which we depict in the last film. But he manages it, you know. It’s something he does and just keeps himself at a certain level in later life. But it’s the slow poison, isn’t it, that eventually does for him.

Let’s back up, because you said that Shaun really wanted to do this. Why?

I think as an actor there are places that you find really interesting to explore. He’s looked at the books, that’s one thing he has done, which is look to the books now. He’s coming at it from Colin’s novels as much as anything else.

But he always looks for a journey with each series. That was the journey that he was keen on for this one. I kind of found the halfway place that we could meet really.

Do you think this kind of changes our relationship with the original guise of the character that John Thaw gave us so long ago? Because in “Inspector Morse,” he’s presented as a curmudgeon, but he’s also very good. And those qualities inform the interplay between, him and Lewis. Admittedly, it’s been a long time since I’ve watched all the episodes, but I don’t recall Morse’s drinking being interrogated as closely.

I think that’s it, isn’t it? I mean, I think times have changed hugely. And it’s a hard sell, isn’t it? I’m trying to remember exactly when “Cracker” started because “Cracker” embraced that with its sleeves rolled up with Robbie Coltrane’s Fitz, who was, you know, a gambling, drinking, smoking, absolute wreck.

But he still got the job done!

Right. That’s the heroic drunk. It’s a choice, you know. But I didn’t want to endorse that.

I don’t think it kind of undercuts anything that that that John did, or Kevin [Whately] did in the original series of 33 films. I think towards the end, you know, where you’ve got Morse in hospital . . . it’s all leading to the one place which isn’t the happy one. He’s checking out early 50s in the books, which isn’t a good look.

But we look past that because people do concentrate on the cozier aspects of the character. That’s probably why we’ve looked at it a little more dispassionately.


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One aspect of “Endeavour” that fans love are the subtle insertions of little puzzle pieces and hints throughout the dialogue. Given the way this season went, just in terms of the character focus, did that change your relationship with putting those puzzle pieces in?

I’m very aware that there are some people that tune in for the puzzle, and some people that tune in for the more domestic material. So it’s just getting that balance, right? I think. The puzzles are there for that side of the audience, but you don’t need to grasp it to enjoy it. But the information that we get is that people watch them more than once. Hopefully there’s other things for them to get on a second or third or fourth view.

You’ve got to have fun. If you’re not having fun, the audience is going to feel it.

What inspired the style and tone of this season’s third film, the finale? It seemed very Agatha Christie to me, and admittedly I’m being very general since I lack an intricate education when it comes to British mystery series.

Oh no, no. There are a few things went into it: There’s a TV show over here called “On the Buses,” which was a situation comedy. A bit like “The Honeymooners”, I guess, you know, but on a much more English scale. It’s a blue-collar sitcom, and it was hugely popular in the UK. So it was a kind of cross between . . . I wondered if you could have “Murder on the Orient Express” meets “On the Buses”?

It changed a lot, that story. Originally, it was much more down-the-line slasher piece. But in the rewriting, people felt a need for much more of an Agatha Christie-esque puzzle. So that was kind of added into it in subsequent drafts. But originally it was a straight-up slasher, I was interested in the idea of the Final Girl, that was where that one jumped off. What we do with all of these things is see if you can do it through an “Endeavour” filter. So you’ve got the basic idea of the story.

And I’d felt we hadn’t done a “spooky” for a while, so there was an idea that that that might be a slightly spooky addition.

I love that you call it a “spooky.”

Yeah. Because when we were doing four per season, it was easy to do a wildcard. One wildcard out of four. But when you’re only doing three, it becomes very difficult. That one was the wildcard.

Is production on the final season underway?

Yeah, we’re shooting the second film right now.

Are you able to hit the tones that you want to cover in these last films?

Oh, I think so. I mean, it’s a strange thing, isn’t it, after 11 years? It’s a bit like planning your own funeral, really. So that’s where we are with it. The first film is something people wanted to do for a long time, which kind of plays into his passion for music. And then the middle one is a, “Well, if not now, when?”-type story. Then the last one is – I’m working on right now, which gives very little away I’m afraid. But it’s the usual “Endeavour” collection, I guess. Hopefully it pulls it all together.

All episodes of “Endeavour” are available to stream on the PBS app and Prime Video.

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“The Boys” inspired Amazon to make a Standards & Practices department

Few shows are as outrageously raucous as “The Boys” on Amazon Prime Video. The third season of the gritty superhero show is airing now, and already it’s scarred fans with imagery of an exploding penis and the highly anticipated Herogasm event. Based on a fan-favorite arc of “The Boys” comics, “Herogasm” saw various groups going to an orgy for C-list Supes, complete with a mile-long male member, sex toys manipulated in various creative ways, a touch of bestiality, and a whole lot of other things I’d get in trouble for writing down here.

Speaking of getting in trouble, it turns out “The Boys” was partially responsible for Amazon forming a Standards & Practice division to make sure no lines were crossed. Standards & Practices keeps an eye on productions to ensure everything stays in line; the S&P department at Disney, for example, is pretty notorious for putting restrictions on projects to fit its family-friendly image. Amazon never had one of these departments in the past . . . and then along came “The Boys.”

“I still remember the call, which [was] like, ‘Can you guys come in? Because we have to start a Standards & Practices department,’ in part because of us,” showrunner Eric Kripke recalled to TV Line (via CBR.com). “It was Season 1, and then I think there was like one other show that caused a problem for them. I’ll wear it as a badge of honor that I helped start their Standards department.”

It should come as no surprise that “Herogasm” caused Amazon people to squirm a little bit; in particular, the scene where The Deep (Chace Crawford) got it on with an octopus caused some pretty understandable concern.

“The discussion of that scene and how we pulled off that scene actually triggered a lot of alarm bells at a lot of different levels at Amazon because you’re not supposed to show people f**king animals, and I get it,” Kripke said. “But my pitch to them was always like it’s so absurd [that] it wouldn’t be out of place in a Farrelly brothers movie. So it’s hard to call it prurient bestiality. It’s ridiculous. To my knowledge, I don’t even think octopi have orifices down there. So there was a lot of discussion of like what are the shots, and what can we do and what can we get away with?”

With a show like “The Boys,” there’s no doubt that Standards & Practices will get put through its paces plenty more times. Ironically though, the show actually got an award from PETA for its depiction of a CGI octopus earlier in the season. We can only wait to see how the animal rights group reacts to The Deep’s latest bit of cephalopod quality time.

Producing “Herogasm” was a “f**king nightmare”

When it comes to the most talked about moments of “The Boys” Season 3, “Herogasm” seems sure to be near the top. Hopefully that made the difficulty of production worth it.

“I’ll say logistically, producing them, they’re f**king nightmares,” the showrunner told Syfy Wire. “When you have dozens of naked people simulating sex acts during COVID [while] also making sure that it’s a completely locked down, professional, safe and appropriate set, is really scary and challenging. We had tons of intimacy coordinators and COVID safety officers and just making sure that it’s a place where everyone can feel comfortable is really, really challenging. But then again, I’m in Los Angeles on Zoom and phone calls and I’m not in the middle of it like Karl [Urban] is.”

Despite being “in the middle of it,” Urban, who plays lead Billy Butcher, has been pleased with the focus “The Boys” has been placing on its characters. While Season 3 is more twisted than ever, Urban holds that the story has risen to match it in a way that keeps the show from feeling like it’s just trying to shock audiences for the sake of it.

“What I found this season [is that] everything was dialed up in a really good way,” Urban said. “I think what was dialed up was the interactions between the characters and the heart of the show because if you didn’t have that, then it just becomes this vacuous exploration of violence and sex. The thing that draws people back to the show is the characters and they care about these characters and enjoy spending time with them and as long as we get that right, then it’ll continue to be fun to watch.”

Say one thing for “The Boys,” it certainly is fun to watch.

Is this common pain medication wrecking your stomach?

As far as medical emergencies go, this one was at least pretty straightforward. On a cloudless early recent morning, I found myself careering toward the hospital in an Uber, my 18-year-old daughter sobbing beside me and puking into a plastic bag. Three days earlier, she’d had surgery to remove her wisdom teeth. Now, her insides were staging a violent rebellion. The source of her pain? Her pain reliever itself, in the form of a bottle of prescription strength ibuprofen.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most commonly used medications in the world. They alleviate pain by blocking the production of the enzyme cyclooxygenase. That process in turn inhibits the production of prostaglandins, which leads to less swelling and inflammation. You probably have several over-the-counter and prescription NSAID varieties in your medicine cabinet right now — aspirin, ibuprofen, Naproxen, Celecoxib. They’re what you reach for when the menstrual cramps kick in, you overdo it at the gym, your arthritis or back pain flare up. Writing for Harvard Health in 2020, Robert H. Shmerling, MD, reported that roughly “15% of the US population takes an NSAID regularly (including those that are over the counter and prescription strength),” and that, along with “sporadic users,” adds up to “more than 30 billion doses … taken each year.”

Most of the time, taking NSAIDs is a good thing. Appropriate medication means not missing days of work or school. It means being able to participate in cherished activities. There’s even now a growing body of research into the use of NSAIDs in patients to help combat the opioid epidemic. With one-fifth of us living with chronic pain, managing it effectively is a serious issue — and a basic right.

NSAIDs can be hard on your stomach — harder than you may ever have bargained for.

But NSAIDs can be hard on your stomach — harder than you may ever have bargained for. Speaking to Mayo Clinic News Network in 2018, family physician Dr. Summer Allen noted that “one of our greatest concerns with NSAIDs for patients is the fact that it can lead to bleeding in their GI, or stomach lining or tract.” That can be particularly risky for people using them regularly or long-term. The Canadian Society of Intestinal Research estimates that “15–30% of long-term NSAID users are at risk of developing ulcer disease, with 2–4% of these ulcers leading to complications.”

Where things get even trickier — like, sitting on a stretcher hooked up to an IV drip for 12 hours-level tricky — is in the ever widening realm of adverse drug interactions, comorbidities and overprescription. Consumer Reports notes that “More than half of us now regularly take a prescription medication — four, on average.” And they don’t all play well together. 

RELATED: This is why your stomach hurts

Are you among the approximately 20 million Americans on antidepressants? A 2021 study out of Creighton University School of Medicine found that for patients already on NSAIDs, adding SSRIs meant “the odds of developing an upper gastrointestinal bleed increased by 75%.”

Are you on blood-thinning medicines, ACE inhibitors, beta blockers or other NSAIDs? All of those combinations can cause stomach irritation or other side effects.

Do you have Crohn’s disease? NSAIDs can make your symptoms feel worse.

Are you over 65? More than a decade ago, research in the journal of the American Medical Directors Association warned that chronic NSAID use “increases the risk of peptic ulcer disease, acute renal failure, and stroke/myocardial infarction” in the elderly.

By the time we heard the word “gastritis,” she’d been in the hospital for half a day.

But even for the otherwise perfectly healthy, there are important considerations to understand before taking NSAIDs. A 2016 report in the British Journal of General Practice warns, “From the first day of use, all NSAIDs increase the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, myocardial infarction, and stroke.” And in yet another example of the boomerang effect, research out of Canada released just last month suggests that taking “drugs like ibuprofen and steroids to relieve short-term health problems could increase the chances of developing chronic pain.”

My daughter was, at the time of her oral surgery, already on two prescription medications, including the NSAID Naproxen. After her procedure, she came home with two more prescriptions — one for ibuprofen and one for antibiotics (which can also lead to stomach problems including diarrhea, cramping, and even in some cases C. Diff infections). In retrospect, it’s lucky she didn’t have a worse reaction to everything than she did.


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Her symptoms did not, at first, seem like they were NSAID-related. They didn’t even seem of a digestive system nature at all. Her initial complaint was intense back pain, followed soon after by chest pain. By the time it moved down to her abdomen, she was vomiting. By the time we heard the word “gastritis,” she’d been in the hospital for half a day.

My daughter’s experience was far from unusual, even within my own family. Three years ago, while my older daughter was on medication and recovering from an autoimmune issue, she acquired a brand new gastroenterologist for all the NSAID side effects she developed in the bargain. The American Journal of Medical Care estimates that “11% of preventable drug-related hospital admissions could be attributed to NSAIDs,” noting that some figures put the annual number at “more than 100,000 patients hospitalized for NSAID-related GI complications alone.”

So what can you do to end the cycle of pill popping and stomach aching? First of all, weigh the risks and rewards. Talk to your doctor about all the medications you take, including over the counter ones, before any new procedure or prescription. When you have an ache, don’t go with a “more is more” attitude and exceed the recommended dosage. A 2018 study out of Boston University found that about “15 percent of adults taking ibuprofen or other NSAIDs exceeded the maximum recommended daily dose for these drugs… increasing their risk of serious side effects like internal bleeding and heart attacks.” Take your NSAIDs with food, and avoid irritants like alcohol. And don’t hesitate to consult with your doctor or go to the hospital if you are experiencing serious and persistent symptoms. 

“The best way to prevent complications from NSAID use is to speak to a medical professional. If you are experiencing pain beyond three days you should have an exam and be evaluated to see what the underlying cause of pain is,” said Ashley Allen of Allen Health & Wellness, a nurse practitioner specializing  in pain management. “Many times there are other, more appropriate, medications that can be given to treat a condition. For instance, if someone has a sinus headache, it may be best that they are treated with antibiotics for an infection or an antihistamine to decrease swelling, not a NSAID. For some individuals, it may be appropriate to also take a proton pump inhibitor like Prilosec (omeprazole) to help protect the stomach lining from damage.”

My daughter is fortunate. She’s young and strong; she’s bounced back from the oral surgery itself just fine. In her surprise detour to the hospital, she received excellent and thorough care that didn’t detect any other underlying conditions. But her insides are still recovering from the flamethrower effects of her recent experience, and her doctor has put her on a bland diet of small meals for two months. It is not a small thing to be actively fending off pain for such a long time.

And it’s a chronic problem for a whole lot of us, casually swallowing our way through bottle after bottle of ibuprofen, chased soon after by bottle after inevitable bottle of Pepto Bismol. I don’t think it’s any coincidence that a Consumer Healthcare Protection Association list of the top selling over the counter drugs in America places oral analgesics high on the list — with heartburn remedies coming in strong right behind them.

More on keeping digestive system strong: 

Meet me inside — I hate eating al fresco

It's not that I'm opposed to the outdoors. I just don't want to eat there.

My lack of enthusiasm for all things al fresco is not a popular stance, I know. This time of year, when the days are long and warm, it's just barbecues and picnics and outside brunches, one right after another. Gentle breezes and big open flame pits, what's not to love, you ask? And isn't it nice, to have loved ones in your life who want to you to come over and hang out in their yard or eat a sandwich on the beach or whatever? But honestly? Can I just stay in the kitchen? I prefer to dine where no weather.

Picnics are the biggest scam of all. Inevitably, there's not enough room on that blanket, the ground is going to be damp, your food will wind up covered in dirt and/or sand. A big bug will crawl on you. Another bug will land on your food, making you question whether you're supposed to still eat it now. That dilemma will then immediately be rendered irrelevant, because it will start to rain.

When you're a person who wears skirts, the whole getting up and down and arranging yourself comfortably while you sit adds a whole extra level of inconvenience to the picnic experience. If there's a reason Victorine Meurent is nude in Manet's famed painting "Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe," it may well be because her dress, crumpled amidst the scattered detritus of lunch, was impossible to manage for the duration of the meal. She gazes out at the viewer with an expression I too have worn at every picnic I've ever been on, a weary look that says, "We have restaurants, right?" Nearby, another woman, loosely clad, stands in a stream, probably trying to work out a mustard stain before it sets. Critics have tried for over 150 years to interpret the meaning of Manet's iconic work. I think it's, "Picnics are dumb."

A better, if still not appealing, option is the barbecue. Any outdoor fire situation holds at least the promise of my favorite type of food — burnt stuff. My love of all things charred, blackened, browned and otherwise immolated runs deep. The fact that cookouts often come with a high probability of beer is also great. What I don't enjoy, however, is standing around with smoke getting in my eyes, my hair and my clothes as unpredictable winds hurl ash in my direction. Have you ever once in your life been to a bonfire? Do you now forever smell a little like that fire? Was the experience of drinking out of a jar worth all the beach gnat bites obtained in the process?


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Then there's the cafe conundrum. I'm truly grateful that outdoor dining has helped so many talented, hardworking people in the restaurant industry stay afloat over the course the pandemic. I'm grateful that the experience of dining out didn't have to go away completely. I'm also really glad I can go back inside my favorite restaurants now.

In the al fresco ideal, you are on a lively boulevard somewhere, perched at a small marble table that is definitely not wobbling on uneven pavement. You are sipping either coffee or wine, depending on the time of day. You are eating spectacular bread while observing the most intriguing members of the demimonde stroll by. In reality — car alarms, jackhammers, helicopters, walk-by spitters.

My opposition to the "restaurant, but outside" model arises from the fact that I live in New York City. Maybe if I were tucked away on a quaint side street in the Alfama, it'd be a different story. But al fresco here rarely means relaxation, and never a reasonable decibel level. A few weeks ago, I was out with some friends in Chelsea, just in time for a traffic stopping protest on the same corner as our restaurant. While we ate, the friend of one member of our party walked by on his way home from the gym. This led to an awkward ten minutes of sidewalk banter, in which the rest of us were unsure what to say and whether we should go on with the meal. This is a plot point in at least two uncomfortable "Sex and the City" episodes, and that's not even including the one where Carrie fell into the lake at the Central Park Boathouse restaurant. That day with my friends at brunch, I couldn't help but wonder how I'd managed to spend way too much money for the privilege of eating cold French toast while a mob of strangers screamed. 

There are a few other souls of my kind. Back in 2015, Kelly O'Laughlin took umbrage on her blog A Highly Sensitive Person's Life, boggling why her colleagues would insist on going outside to eat "Even when it was like 90 degrees and humid…. Why sit outside," she asked, "sweating in a cloud of bees, when you don't have to?" Why indeed? There exists a listicle from Buzzfeed of "16 Reasons Eating Outside At Restaurants Is Never Fun." Just because it's Buzzfeed doesn't mean it's incorrect that "The world's worst restaurants… have outdoor seating." How often in the realm of dining is a so-called view an excuse to serve subpar cuisine? I've been to Niagara Falls, and I can confirm. And writing in the culinary classic "Home Cooking," the late Laurie Colwin opined that "no sane person" prefers to dine al fresco. While I don't question the sanity of the millions of people who believe open air is a natural flavor enhancer, my side in the discourse remains firmly on the in side. That's where the air conditioning and the banquettes are.

I love my friends and family enough to know I'll always continue braving outside food with them. It's a small price to pay — I'd rather wave off mosquitos in good company than enjoy climate control alone. Yet the fact that there's a Guardian feature on "How to enjoy eating outdoors: a guide to avoiding wasps, sand and warm mayonnaise" pretty much says it all for me. Here's a thought — you've never seen a feature on how to sidestep the perils of dining inside within four walls and a roof. That's the beauty of it. I know it's nice out there. But maybe once in a while this summer, can I persuade you to take a cue from "Hamilton," and meet me inside?

Inside?

Might as well do some baking

 

You won’t be able to stop making this perfect peach pie all summer

Unless it’s raining, once the weather is warm and summer has officially begun, my friend Dawn and I exchange text messages every weekday morning just before daybreak. Will we paddle on my side of the bay or her side? That is the daily question. 

Depending on who’s in town, there may be 10 of us, or there may be just the two of us. Either way, in mere seconds, we devise a plan for where to meet for our morning paddle, and we’re on our boards as the sun comes up. 

The fast, sometimes frantic pace of getting out of bed and out the door shifts as soon as I step outside and head toward the shore. I begin to feel calm, and a humbling sense of gratitude pervades as I paddle out to meet everyone by myself. The beauty of the sunrise and the tranquil sound of my paddle moving through the water become a meditation. In the midst of pelicans diving and mullet jumping, it’s not unusual to see dolphins surfacing — a sight that takes my breath away every single time.    

The homes form an L-shape along the stretch of bay where I live — mine faces south, others face east. The two legs of the L connect at a rocky point, and when I leave for Dawn’s side, I paddle out from my house with the shoreline to my left. I make a left turn around the point and head north to meet my fellow paddlers. Based on which way the wind is blowing, one side or the other is usually significantly calmer.

Once we’ve been on our boards a while and are fully awake, we inevitably begin to share and laugh about things that happened the day before. Sooner or later, we get around to what each of us had for supper. Every so often, a recipe is shared that we all want to try — and this peach pie was it. It’s the perfect pie for when you have perfect peaches, and we get plenty of star quality peaches here in the summer.

Other than the ingredients needed to make cornbread and having drink options for the evening sunset on hand, we live on the fresh summer produce provided by our local farmers’ markets and our neighbors who share from their own gardens. 

I’m talking about yellow squash, sweet corn, sliced tomato, peas and cornbread, marinated cucumbers and a little something sweet. I don’t know anyone around here who doesn’t consider that (or something similar) to be the best summer supper going.

And this peach pie absolutely complements the lighter fare we enjoy this time of year. The fresh fruit is minimally enhanced with a lightly sweetened and slightly thickened filling made from the peaches themselves. It ought to be called Naked Peach Pie because the peaches are left unbaked, just au naturel. 

Hearing about this pie while paddle boarding that day had all our mouths watering. My friend who shared the recipe had stopped at a farmer’s market on her way down from Birmingham, where she had a slice in the now-closed little café attached to the market. The recipe was printed on cards beside the bin of peaches. 

The only thing she added was a teaspoon (or tablespoon) of liqueur to the filling. Because it punches up the flavor and makes it taste a little more complex, I highly recommend keeping it in the recipe. She used brandy or some sort of peach schnapps in hers, but I had a bottle of Cointreau and used that instead. I’ve used Grand Marnier on other occasions, and you can also use any liqueur you like and have handy.

I make this pie as soon as the peaches are good enough for it. Once they start arriving at the markets, I buy one at a time, patiently trying them out. I wait for the really good ones to arrive, which is almost always in early- to mid- June just as the blueberries on my blueberry bushes begin to ripen.   

The Gulf Coast is hot and humid, so this cold, fresh peach pie is just what you want at the end of a light meal or to go with a nice cup of coffee or tea. Laid back and unpretentious, it’s summer in a dessert. 

This pie tastes incredible, and it doesn’t take long to make. The only time-consuming part is peeling and slicing the fresh peaches, but this time of year, there’s usually someone around who doesn’t mind helping me out. I also love the fact that I can pre-bake the pie crust in my toaster oven, so I don’t have to heat up the whole house.

Only around as long as the peaches are perfect, this pie is synonymous with the jubilant yet languid, carefree, fleeting moments of summer. It’s so refreshing and so light. The only thing you may want to add is a dollop of whipped cream or a scoop of ice cream. 

Every year, I think I’ll be smart and freeze some of these glorious summer peaches, but I never do. Instead, I just enjoy them while they last. Like summer days, returning friends and morning paddle boarding — enjoy it while it lasts.

The ingredients:

Peaches

More than anything else, you need perfect peaches for this recipe. They should be juicy, tree-ripened and sweet. I think the best summer peaches come from Georgia, South Carolina or Texas, but I don’t claim to know everything. 

You should be able to smell the peachy aroma, but they shouldn’t smell so strong that they’re about to “go off,” meaning overripe and about to rot.

Thickener/Starch

You can use good old cornstarch for this pie, but feel free to use arrowroot or tapioca (cassava) starch. If you use tapioca starch, you have to use twice as much as you would cornstarch or arrowroot.

Crust

If you have a homemade, neutral-tasting pie crust that you’d like to make for this pie, feel free to do so. But also feel free to use a regular frozen, store-bought crust. 

Don’t use a crust that is overly flavorful like a graham crust, but anything plain is fine.

The only thing that is a must? Pre-bake your crust and allow it to cool.

Naked Peach Pie
Yields
8 servings
Prep Time
30 minutes
Cook Time
12-15 minutes

Ingredients

5 cups peeled and sliced fresh peaches, plus 

1 cup additional peeled and sliced fresh peaches (for the filling)

2/3 cup sugar or equivalent sweetener of choice

2/3 cup water

2 tablespoon cornstarch or arrowroot

1-2 tablespoon Cointreau, Grand Marnier or peach schnapps

1 pre-baked pie crust, cooled


 

 

Directions

  1. In a blender or food processor, combine 1 cup peaches with 2/3 cup water. Blend until completely smooth. Add additional water to the blended peaches to measure 1 1/2 cups.
  2. Combine the sugar and starch. In a saucepan, pour in the 1 1/2 cups blended peaches and water, then stir in the combined sugar and starch.
  3. Cook and stir over medium- to low- heat until thick and bubbly. Continue to simmer 2 minutes more.
  4. Remove from the heat and stir in the liqueur.
  5. Allow to cool for 10 minutes without stirring.
  6. Spread 1/4 cup of filling onto the bottom and sides of the pie crust.
  7. Place half of the sliced peaches into the pie crust.
  8. Spread half of the filling over the peaches.
  9. Place the remaining half of the peaches on top.
  10. Spread the remaining filling on top of the peaches, making sure all are covered. Chill at least 2 hours.
  11. Serve with fresh whipped cream or ice cream.

     

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“Impeach Justice Clarence Thomas” petition has nearly 1 million signatures so far

A petition calling on the Democratic-controlled House to launch impeachment proceedings against Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas is on the verge of reaching one million signatures, an indication of growing public outrage over the right-wing judge’s proximity to efforts to overturn the 2020 election and his role in the ongoing attack on constitutional freedoms.

The petition, posted to the website of progressive advocacy group MoveOn, currently has more than 989,000 signatures after a surge following the Supreme Court majority’s ruling in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, which ended the constitutional right to abortion.

In his concurring opinion in Dobbs, Thomas plainly stated his desire to reconsider other landmark Supreme Court rulings, including those establishing marriage equality and the right to obtain contraception.

“Thomas—who sided with the majority on overturning Roe—made it clear what’s next: to overturn high court rulings that establish gay rights and contraception rights,” reads the petition. “And if that’s not enough: Recently, Justice Clarence Thomas voted against a Supreme Court decision to compel the release of Donald Trump’s records regarding the January 6 insurrection and attempt to overturn the results of the 2020 presidential election.”

The petition also spotlights recent reporting exposing Thomas’ wife Ginni’s role in attempts to invalidate the 2020 election and keep former President Donald Trump in power. Despite his wife’s efforts, which have drawn scrutiny from the House January 6 committee, Thomas did not recuse himself from Supreme Court cases involving the 2020 election.

“Thomas’ failure to recuse himself warrants immediate investigation and heightened alarm,” the petition states. “And it’s only the latest in a long history of conflicts of interest in the service of a right-wing agenda and mixing his powerful role with his conservative political activism. He has shown he cannot be an impartial justice and is more concerned with covering up his wife’s coup attempts than the health of the Supreme Court.”

“He must resign—or Congress must immediately investigate and impeach,” adds the petition, which is titled “Impeach Justice Clarence Thomas.”

Days after the high court’s ruling in Dobbs, two prominent progressive lawmakers—Reps. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-N.Y.) and Ilhan Omar (D-Minn.)—called for impeachment investigations into Thomas and other right-wing justices.

“I believe that violating federal law in not disclosing income from political organizations, as Clarence Thomas did years ago, is… potentially an impeachable offense,” Ocasio-Cortez said in an appearance on NBC‘s “Meet the Press” last Sunday.

In a profile of Thomas earlier this year, The New Yorker‘s Jane Mayer reported that the justice’s wife “was an undisclosed paid consultant at the conservative pressure group the Center for Security Policy, when its founder, Frank Gaffney, submitted an amicus brief to the court supporting Trump’s Muslim travel ban.”

Mayer noted that Thomas also had to amend years of financial filings after the watchdog group Common Cause discovered that the right-wing Heritage Foundation paid Ginni Thomas nearly $700,000 between 2003 and 2007.

“We have a responsibility to protect our democracy. That includes holding those in power who violate the law accountable,” said Ocasio-Cortez. “Without it, rule of law can slip through our hands like sand through loose fingers.”

Hours after the New York Democrat’s interview, Omar argued in a series of tweets that “we need an impeachment investigation into Clarence Thomas’ role in the January 6th coup, as well as into Gorsuch, Alito, Barrett, and Kavanaugh’s testimony on Roe during their confirmation hearings.”

“Congress,” she noted, “has the authority to impeach members of the Supreme Court and has done so before.”

But with much of the majority party, including its leadership, apparently unwilling to support impeachment proceedings, other Democratic lawmakers such as Rep. Bill Pascrell Jr. (D-N.J.) have called on Thomas to step down voluntarily.

“Clarence Thomas cannot possibly be seen as a neutral actor but instead as a corrupt jurist who has poisoned the high court,” Pascrell said in a statement last month. “Clarence Thomas should have dignity and final respect for our democracy and resign.”

This 4th of July, let’s extinguish fireworks for good

Something happened early in the pandemic. Frustrated by a deadly virus that kept many trapped inside, isolated and increasingly desperate for everything from socialization to supplies, people started setting off fireworks. 

In larger cities such as New York, which in 2020 received 80 times as many fireworks complaints as in 2019, and Boston, which had a 2,300% jump in complaints, fireworks exploded every night, in every neighborhood, lit by . . . someone

The Washington Post blamed pesky kids in a piece that also pointed to some conspiracy theories: that fireworks were being set off deliberately in protest or in an attempt to disrupt, including the near moral panic detail that pallets of fireworks had allegedly been left in “minority neighborhoods” for children to find and light. 

RELATED: “A terrible idea”: Why fire scientists want you to skip the fireworks this Fourth of July

Whoever set them off, the fact remains that 2020 saw firework-related deaths and injuries double, according to a report from the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. The report found 15,600 people had to be treated in an emergency room because of firework injuries that first year of the pandemic (not a time you’d want to be in an ER). 

Some aspects of the pandemic have receded, testing and mask-wearing as unfortunate examples, but the impact of COVID fireworks lingers like smoke in the air. Some cities have canceled their July 4th firework celebrations this year due to a lack of pyrotechnics: our old friend supply chain issues again. The pandemic has also impacted staffing, even among firework professionals. Other places have called off fiery displays because of drought and the very real danger of wildfires.

Fireworks lead to injury, even sometimes in city-sanctioned official events, to fire and to distress. Why do we still do this again?

Fireworks are so distressing to dogs, many of them bolt, meaning animal shelters are flooded with runaway dogs after the 4th.

One contingent strongly in favor of doing away with fireworks cannot vote in the matter: dogs. Dogs hear at a wider range than humans, making them able to pick up even more of the thunderous booms. They also have no idea it’s coming or what the sounds mean (danger? thunder? something worse?).

Last year, Newsweek shared a fairly upsetting slideshow of dogs reacting to fireworks. Fireworks are so distressing to dogs, many of them bolt, meaning animal shelters are flooded with runaway dogs after the 4th. If your celebration is so terrifying it makes a family pet run away, maybe it’s time to rethink the celebration. 

But animals aren’t the only ones reacting strongly to fireworks. Children are also impacted, and not always in the wide-eyed, delighted way. Young children have a hard time sleeping through fireworks, or they wake up during the late-night explosions (which has also meant a hard time for parents in firework-happy pandemic cities). Some children are scared of fireworks and many are injured by them every year, some fatally. According to the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, kids “account for more than a third of emergency room visits for fireworks-related injuries” with those between the ages of 5 and 9 “more than twice as likely as people in other age groups to be injured by fireworks.”

It’s not a coincidence that fireworks sound like guns, like bombs, that we set them off on our day of independence, won through guns and bombs.

It’s not just kids. The loud, violent and sudden nature of fireworks can be a trigger for anyone dealing with post-traumatic stress disorder, including veterans. As Penn Medicine News writes, “While fireworks may be entertaining for some, or just a nuisance for others, for those living with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the evening spectacles could trigger serious mental health consequences” including nightmares, panic attacks, anxiety and flashbacks.

It’s not a coincidence that fireworks sound like guns, like bombs, that we set them off on our day of independence, won through guns and bombs. But fireworks are pretty inconsiderate of the many people who deal with persistent symptoms relating to fighting in those wars, and surviving other traumas (1 in 5 firefighters have PTSD, for example, and 1 in 2 female survivors of rape). It’s estimated that 12 million adults in the United States have PTSD in any given year. That’s a pretty big group of the population to send into distress because you want to see something blow up. 

As we have more mass shootings than ever before, we have more gun violence survivors in our country than ever. And just because someone has survived a horrific event, does not mean they do not bear scars both visible and invisible (witness the child survivor who had a flashback at a recent gun control protest). Not only is a big fireworks display not the safest environment for avoiding COVID, it doesn’t seem particularly safe given how fond America is of bringing guns and shooting at large events. 

What does it say about us as a country that we force veterans to disclose a disability in the hope of just not being re-traumatized by their neighbors’ desire to make big booms?

I’ve never been the biggest fan of fireworks, due to my own partial deafness and the not-unfounded fear that a loud explosion in the wrong place could damage more of my hearing (fireworks can be louder than a jet taking off and can cause permanent hearing loss instantly). But I really begin to examine fireworks after becoming friends with a man who is a Vietnam veteran. He lives deep in the country and told me not to expect him in town the weeks before or after the 4th of July, not wanting to be caught off guard by explosions. It seems unfair that someone who did so much has to continue to sacrifice. 

PTSD and fireworks are such a problem that, a few years ago, signs began to be distributed announcing that a person living in the home is a veteran with PTSD and to be respectful, especially in setting off sudden fireworks.

Do these signs make a difference? Or is this yet another example of Americans determined to do whatever foolish thing they want, even if it harms others? And what does it say about us as a country that we force veterans to disclose a disability in the hope of just not being re-traumatized by their neighbors’ desire to make big booms? 


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With an increasingly unhinged Supreme Court passing decisions that go against the majority of Americans’ wishes, including reversing Roe v. Wade and scaling back the ability of the EPA, with neither COVID nor mass shootings showing any signs of slowing, it’s hard to feel patriotic right now. It’s hard to want to see bombs bursting in air and wave a flag, numbly. But whispering a hope that things get better, a small light in the darkness? Maybe we should do that.

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An empire state of mind: The science behind what makes patriots susceptible to becoming nationalists

The famous British writer Samuel Johnson once criticized a political opponent’s self-described patriotism by memorably pointing out that “patriotism is the last refuge of the scoundrel.” Although Johnson lived before the advent of psychology and modern brain science, his observation has been at least partially vindicated by experts in subsequent centuries.

This does not mean there is anything wrong with celebrating the 4th of July with fireworks, good movies and learning about the founding fathers (even when it includes some ugly details). Feeling good about one’s nation and your place in it is patriotism. But these days, many conflate patriotism with its more extreme cousin nationalism, which is predicated on superiority and competitiveness. You cannot merely be proud, but you must be proud of your nation’s dominance – which means that you think in terms of winners and losers, friends and enemies. 

Nationalism, because of its inherently tribal nature, can be as dangerous as the most potent illicit drug if the sentiment is used improperly.

RELATED: Fragile patriotism: Right-wing snowflakes, triggered by any criticism of America

One of the most famous early intellectuals to articulate a conclusion along these lines was Benedict Anderson, an Irish-American historian and political scientist. In his influential 1983 monograph “Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism,” Anderson observed that nations are “imagined political communities” in that the nature of the community itself is, in a literal sense, rather arbitrary. Prior to the Middle Ages, people derived equivalent identities from things like their religious affiliations or loyalties to particular monarchical lines.

This changed during the Enlightenment period for a number of reasons: Latin was replaced among political leaders by their local vernaculars, capitalism cultivated a new class of business leaders that wanted to control the state, the Reformation weakened the power of the Vatican, royal governments were on their way out as democratic movements popped up everywhere, and the printing press allowed people to feel kinship based on common languages and geographical landmarks. Even the Western world’s collective sense of time shifted from a theological to a more secular perspective, particularly as literacy became more prevalent.

Prior to the Middle Ages, people derived equivalent identities from their religious affiliations or loyalties to particular monarchical lines.

When combined, each of these factors led people to crave a new sense of community. Hence we have the popular notion that one should feel a sense of community with others based on being part of a common “nation,” which by definition is imagined because members have a sense of “horizontal comradeship” even though they have never met and often come from radically different backgrounds.


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In theory, this may seem harmless, but as the bloody nationalistic wars that have marred human existence since the late 18th century prove — World War I perhaps most prominent among them — people are willing to kill for, and die for, their nations.

Even when the behavior is not seen as that extreme, nationalism can still bring out the worst in people. Take President Donald Trump, who psychologists noted has stimulated narcissistic behaviors in his followers by virtue of creating a cult of personality around his own seemingly narcissistic traits. While Americans were justifiably alarmed at that phenomenon, Trumpism is hardly alone or novel in tapping into collective narcissism. And what this leads to is not encouraging.

Writing for the journal Political Psychology in May, a group of American and British researchers examining Polish politics found that “national collective narcissism” tends to go hand in hand with nationalism, and additionally winds up being a strong predictor of whether a given person will hold nationalist sentiments. They concluded that “our analyses thus provide evidence that nationalism may be rooted in narcissistic exaggeration of the greatness of the national in-group rather than non-narcissistic national in-group satisfaction” — in other words, people are likely to hold nationalist views if they’re already susceptible to narcissistic political styles.

“When people are made to feel insecure and anxious by being reminded of death, they tend to become more concerned with identity values such as nationalism.”

Therefore, nationalism – which was created to form a sense of community – can bring out toxic traits in people. In addition, it is fueled by humanity’s deepest insecurities and fears. (Hence the nationalist furor whipped up by a pandemic.) English author and psychology lecturer Steve Taylor PhD expressed a similar perspective in a 2020 article for Psychology Today.

“In my view, it makes more sense to explain modern day nationalism in terms of psychological factors,” Taylor wrote. “There are some clues from the psychological theory of Terror Management. This theory — which has been validated by many studies — has shown that when people are made to feel insecure and anxious by being reminded of death, they tend to become more concerned with identity values such as nationalism, status and success.”

To be clear, these sentiments do not only fuel nationalism. Arash Javanbakht, a psychiatrist from Wayne State University, further elaborated on the downsides of nationalism in a 2019 article from The Conversation:

“Tribalism is the biological loophole that many politicians have banked on for a long time: tapping into our fears and tribal instincts,” Javanbakht wrote. “Some examples are Nazism, the Ku Klux Klan, religious wars and the Dark Ages. The typical pattern is to give the other humans a different label than us, and say they are going to harm us or our resources, and to turn the other group into a concept.” Nationalism, while not the only manifestation of this tendency, is certainly one of the most prominent.

For more Salon articles on psychology:

Abortion providers’ lives are in growing peril following Roe reversal: report

The fallout from the United States Supreme Court’s elimination of the constitutional right to access abortion in its June 24th reversal of Roe versus Wade is spreading rapidly across the country. From trigger laws in Republican-controlled states that totally ban or even criminalize the procedure, to patients as young as 10 having to travel hundreds of miles to terminate rape-induced pregnancies, the forewarned consequences of stripping Americans of their reproductive autonomy are rapidly coming to fruition.

Historically, the fight over abortion – predicated on the clash between the conservative belief that life begins at fertilization and the liberal view that personal sovereignty should reign supreme – has led to protests aimed at embarrassing and degrading individuals seeking abortions as well as violence against providers.

On Sunday, The Guardian reported that fears of additional attacks are surging within the medical community.

“Danger is a reality of life for abortion providers in the US. With states now empowered to ban the procedure after the supreme court overturned federal abortion rights, reproductive health experts fear a new wave of violence,” wrote the British outlet.

“Anti-abortion violence is more common when you have these moments of uncertainty and upheaval, and that’s what we have now,” Mary Ziegler, a legal historian at Florida State University College of Law, told The Guardian.

In states where abortion is still legal, there are heightened concerns that a change in political leadership will trigger additional chaos.

“No woman’s life and health should be at the mercy of the next election, or zip code, or Mitch McConnell or Donald Trump,” Warren Hern, director of the Boulder Abortion Clinic in Colorado, said of the Senate Minority Leader and the embattled ex-president.

Under Roe, “the anti-abortion movement has always found its greatest success in courtrooms and statehouses, passing laws that curbed access to clinics and encouraging Republicans to appoint Supreme Court Justices who would vote to overturn” the landmark decision, noted The Guardian. “Yet by the 1990s, extremists with the movement came to conclude that more needed to be done. Since then, four abortion doctors have been assassinated and clinic staffers and bystanders have also lost their lives in shootings and bombings targeting facilities, with the last deadly incident occurring in 2015.”

The first instance was the assassination of Doctor David Gunn in Pensacola, Florida in 1993, followed years later by the infamous murder of Doctor George Tiller in Wichita, Kansas in 2009.

According to Ziegler, right-wing barbarism has “been successful insofar as it’s made people less interested in going to abortion clinics and less interested in going to abortion providers,” whom The Guardian explained “have taken to wearing bulletproof vests in public and outfitting their clinics with security doors and bullet-resistant glass.”

But it has also turned public opinion against anti-choice zealotry.

“People in the United States thought more negatively of the anti-abortion movement as being a kind of misogynist white supremacist movement. Being a violent movement makes a lot of people reluctant to associate with you,” Ziegler said.

Melissa Fowler, chief program officer at the National Abortion Federation, revealed that some of the people who stormed the Capitol on January 6th, 2021, were “recognized” from previous demonstrations outside of clinics.

Militant opposition to abortion is not limited to the US, however.

The data amassed by Fowler’s organization, which tracks anti-abortion violence, “encompasses the US, Canada, Mexico City and Colombia” and “shows an increase in violence and harassment towards abortion providers,” The Guardian learned. “Every type of incident the organization tracks in its annual report rose last year compared with 2020, including stalking of clinic staff, which in the US jumped 200% from the year prior, with 12 incidents reported.”

Today, the risks of providers potentially losing their lives are compounding, and they will be further imperiled if Republicans retake Congress and enact a nationwide abortion ban.

Julie Burkhart, the founder of the pro-choice Trust Women Political Action Committee, told The Guardian that virtually all US clinics have experienced at least one act of vandalism or targeted harassment. Her clinic in Casper, Wyoming, was torched by an arsonist in May following the leak of the Supreme Court’s majority opinion overturning Roe.

But her dedication to ensuring that women can still access the care that they need is undeterred. Burkhart, whom Tiller mentored, plans to reopen her facility despite the likelihood that Wyoming will soon outlaw abortion.

Tiller, she recalled, had predicted the eventual demise of Roe.

“That was without a question in his mind. And I, at that time when he expressed that, I still didn’t feel like I could see that same writing on the wall that he did,” Burkhart said. “I’m sad that what he thought came true.”

The story continues here.

Defund the Democrats: Stop giving money to the party of surrender and inaction

On June 24, 2022, a majority ruling by the Supreme Court of the United States officially reversed the historic 1973 Roe v. Wade decision, which established that pregnant women had a constitutionally protected right to choose to have an abortion. This has quickly transformed the nation around reproductive issues. Eleven states had trigger laws which immediately banned or heavily regulated abortion once the decision became official. Another 12 states have legislation in place to do the same. Rather than take swift action to protect abortion rights, the Democratic Party — which currently controls the executive and legislative branches of the U.S. government — chose to fundraise.

Democrats rightly chided Republicans, who have boasted for nearly 50 years that their political project would overturn Roe v. Wade. In that time, Republicans successfully advocated for 1,000 restrictions on abortions. But on the other side of the ideological spectrum, the Democratic Party also focused blame on the left: Jill Stein voters from 2016, the fabled “Bernie Bros,” Susan Sarandon followers, and Bad Faith Podcast subscribers. The party’s analysis, to a significant degree, relied on attacking its left flank in defense rather than engaging in introspection about what it could have done to prevent Roe’s reversal.  

RELATED: Younger voters agree with Democrats — but don’t trust them. Here’s how to fix that

A more substantive and introspective review would look back to Joe Biden, who has a long history of questioning the legitimacy of the Roe decision, for the way he aided abortion foe Clarence Thomas in his confirmation to the court. Indeed, it is hard to imagine Thomas becoming a justice in 1991 without Biden — who chaired the Senate Judiciary Committee at the time — leading a rhetorical assault on Anita Hill, who accused Thomas of sexual harassment. At the time, Biden was so confident that Thomas would not overturn Roe that he accused those who claimed otherwise of experiencing a “failure of logic.”

Still, Biden is just one of the many Democrats who have demonstrated that abortion rights are not a central issue for the party. On two separate occasions since the original Roe decision, the Democrats have had supermajorities in Congress, which would have allowed them to end any Senate filibuster of a law codifying abortion rights. But on one such occasion, in 2009, Barack Obama stated that abortion rights were “not the highest legislative priority.” Later in Obama’s two terms, abortion rights advocates were admonished by party loyalists when they called for Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, who was suffering from cancer at an advanced age, to step down so Obama could nominate a more viable justice to extend her legacy of protecting women’s rights.

Democrats have routinely made the fear of losing Roe a key plank in their campaign strategy, and that specter has vaulted many a Democrat into office. It is not surprising that a party that can offer little other than the threat of a worse alternative has taken few decisive steps to safeguard abortion rights. For many Democratic candidates, the prospect of losing Roe has been their only point of leverage with voters, the linchpin of a “vote blue no matter who” electoral strategy. In practice, this has translated into a hollow “we’re not the other party” message of fear. 


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In 2016, after Democratic leadership colluded to defeat the pro-choice candidate Bernie Sanders in the primaries — when some polls showed Sanders doing better than Hillary Clinton against Donald Trump — they picked Clinton, who had at times stigmatized abortion and who chose Sen. Tim Kaine of Virginia as her running mate. Kaine had supported and signed anti-abortion legislation as governor of Virginia. During Trump’s administration, the New York Times ran articles making a “liberal” case for supporting his first two Supreme Court nominees, Brett Kavanaugh and Neil Gorsuch. Bloomberg provided a similar argument for Amy Coney Barrett. All three voted to overturn Roe, to the surprise of almost no one.  

Even after the Supreme Court’s decision to overturn Roe was leaked to the press in May, Rep. Jim Clyburn — the South Carolina Democrat widely credited with saving Biden’s 2020 presidential run — campaigned on behalf of Rep. Henry Cuellar, an  anti-abortion Texas Democrat, who was also endorsed by Speaker Nancy Pelosi and numerous other party leaders. What a tangled web these Democrats weave. 

Even after the Roe decision leaked in May, Rep. Jim Clyburn, who saved Joe Biden during the 2020 primaries, traveled to Texas to campaign for an anti-abortion Democrat.

Just as it has done in the five decades since Roe, the Democratic Party refuses to protect abortion rights when it has the power to do so. Instead, Democrats ignore that history and blame Republicans and dissident leftists rather than themselves. At least officially, they currently control both the legislative and executive branches of government. They could remove the filibuster and codify abortion rights tomorrow, but evidently would rather protect an extra-constitutional Senate rule (often used to support white supremacy) than women’s right to choose. This is especially mystifying given that Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell has clearly stated that if the GOP reclaims the majority in the 2022 midterms, it may remove the filibuster in order to pass a national abortion ban. If the filibuster is likely to disappear anyway (and for overtly partisan reasons), what possible argument is there for not protecting abortion rights while the Democrats still can? Why are they going to repeat the strategic blunder of refusing to end the filibuster without getting anything out of it?

The story doesn’t end there. Democrats could also wield their power to expand the Supreme Court. Yes, that would break with recent precedent (although the example of FDR’s failed attempts to do so could certainly be reconsidered). Republicans had no problem breaking with precedent when they refused to entertain Obama’s Supreme Court nominee in 2016 because it was an election year, and then reversed themselves by confirming Justice Barrett only days before the 2020 election. Shortly after Roe was overturned, the Biden administration once again refused to consider expanding the court. Such a radical maneuver may be exactly what is needed to counter reactionary rulings by unaccountable justices in defiance of stare decisis (the importance of legal precedent). But the Democrats are certainly not radicals; they are performers in an increasingly empty work of political theater.

Rather than propose an immediate plan of action, on the day of the Supreme Court’s decision to overturn Roe, Pelosi read a poem, Vice President Kamala Harris tweeted a picture of herself watching pro-choice protests, and Democratic members of Congress sang “God Bless America” on the steps of the U.S. Capitol. This vapid virtue-signaling was just the beginning. The same Democrats who failed to protect abortion rights for ages had the audacity to fundraise off this mass assault on women’s rights. This was an email sent by Pelosi’s office just days after the ruling:

Now that Trump’s Supreme Court just ruled to rip reproductive rights away from every single woman in this country: How we act NOW will decide the future of reproductive rights. I don’t say this lightly. We can either sit back and admit defeat to these far-right extremists… Or we can RISE UP, meet this ONCE-IN-A-GENERATION moment, and marshal a response so HISTORIC that we make every last anti-choice Republican REGRET what they’ve done. Please, I’ve never needed your support more than now. Can you chip in $15 so we can WIN these midterms and finally codify reproductive rights into law?

Pelosi’s call to “act NOW” doesn’t even try to explain why the party needs another $15 to use its current power to — act now. Nor does it explain why Democrats have been so ineffective for nearly five decades. Pelosi even suggests that the other option is to “sit back and admit defeat to these far-right extremists,” which has effectively been what Democrats have done for the last 50 years. What evidence is there that Pelosi — who has herself been in Congress for 35 years — will do anything different with these donations than her party has done for the past half-century? She is only one of many members exploiting this tragic ruling to fill their coffers and distract voters from the party’s political ineptitude. 

Here is the plan, apparently: Give Democrats more money and vote for them in November. But to do what, exactly? Blame Republicans, the media, the Russians and the far left for their own failures?

In her first major interview since the reversal of Roe, Vice President Harris rejected any plan to codify abortion rights, shooting down Sen. Elizabeth Warren’s proposal to expand abortion access on federal lands, declaring “it’s not right now what we are discussing,” and saying, “We are 130-odd days away from an election, which is going to include Senate races.” So the plan is to give Democrats $15 and vote for them in November. But to do what? Pretty much nothing. This is the way Democrats have governed since the 1970s. They are happy to fundraise around images of inclusivity, diversity, women’s rights, labor rights, immigration and social progress, but consistently refuse to take substantive actions to achieve the most relevant goals. Instead, they blame Republicans, the news media, Russians, fake news, overzealous progressives and the “far left” for their failures. To say this is tiresome is a gross understatement.

Leaders do not blame, they lead. Movers and shakers such as Lyndon Johnson, warts and all, knew that the art of politics necessitated deal-making to get things accomplished. Today’s Democrats rely on the art of inaction and lecture voters on what they contend is possible, rather than working to make the purportedly impossible become reality. Their argument is always that if the public wants us to protect X (such as abortion right), they need to elect more Democrats in November. How many more Novembers are we supposed to wait? Voting for the same milquetoast neoliberal centrists who made the collapse of Roe possible (or inevitable) will do nothing to change our current political reality. Indeed, that is the definition of insanity: doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results. Women deserve better, as do all of us. The Democratic Party should recognize this, and change course dramatically.

Read more on the Democratic Party and its troubles:

J6 committee now has “loaded gun” evidence against Donald Trump: legal expert

The select committee investigating Donald Trump’s coup attempt has two new critical categories of evidence against the former president, a legal expert argued on MSNBC on Saturday.

“As we learn more about potential witness tampering during the Jan. 6 committee’s investigation, this week’s testimony of former White House staffer Cassidy Hutchinson could explain why those in Trumpworld were so worried about what she might have to say,” MSNBC’s Cori Coffin reported.

For analysis, Coffin interviewed former federal prosecutor Glenn Kirschner.

“According to Hutchison, Trump knew that some of his supporters would be armed that day, sent them to the Capitol anyway, even hoping to join them,” she noted. “So, does this open up the former president to be criminally liable?”

“Yeah, this is what I would call smoking gun evidence,” Kirschner replied.

“And interestingly, at the last J6 public hearing, we got both smoking gun evidence, and we got loaded gun evidence,” he continued. “And what I mean by that is, as you just played in your lead-in, Cori, the president knew. He was briefed that his crowd was armed with assault rifles and pistols and knives and brass knuckles and bear spray, etc.”

“And you would think a reasonable response from a president would be, oh my goodness, let’s make sure the metal detectors are operating properly,” he explained. “He said just the opposite, take them down, let the armed members of the group in, and they can march to the Capitol from there. To do what? To stop the certification of his political opponent’s election win. So in a very real sense, that smoking gun evidence that Donald Trump wanted to lead what we now know is an armed attack on the Capitol. The loaded gun evidence is, the witness tampering information, and you know, witness tampering just strikes at the very heart of the integrity of investigations, whether congressional or criminal.”

Watch the segment on YouTube.

The real star of FX’s “The Bear”? San Marzano tomatoes

For restaurant lovers, “The Bear,” a new FX series about a pressure cooker of a professional kitchen in Chicago, is full of cute little nods to the industry. There’s Sydney’s resume which has her experience at the city’s Michelin-starred Alinea purposely at the top. There’s not one, but two Noma cookbooks in the kitchen —  “Noma: Time and Place in Nordic Cuisine” (2010) and “The Noma Guide to Fermentation” (2018). One of the cooks stumbles on a James Beard Award certificate haphazardly tucked in one of those cookbooks. 

But my favorite culinary easter egg is also one of the series’ most prevalent and consequential. Stacked throughout the kitchen, on shelves and under counters, are little pyramids of canned San Marzano tomatoes. Everywhere you look back-of-house, there’s a can or six. While initially they are just seemingly part of the background, these canned tomatoes eventually take the spotlight. 

“The Bear” stars Jeremy Allen White as Carmen “Carmy” Berzatto, a culinary wunderkind who left his post at the “best restaurant on Planet Earth” to take over his family’s restaurant, The Original Beef of Chicagoland, following his brother’s (Jon Berthal) suicide. The restaurant is in debt to the tune of over $300,000 and is rocking a C-rating from the health department. It’s time to turn things around, which Carmy does with the help of eager newcomer Sydney (Ayo Edebiri) and a ragtag team of initially recalcitrant veteran cooks. 

A dominant theme over the course of the series’ eight episodes, all of which are available on Hulu now, is a push-pull tension between the way things were at The Original Beef under Mike— which was comfortable, but occasionally substandard — and Carmy’s fixation on perfection and profitability, which was hammered into him in punishing fine dining kitchens

That emphasis on quality is one of the reasons that the inclusion of San Marzano tomatoes is a great touch. Courtney Storer, once the longtime chef at Los Angeles’ Jon & Vinny’s, is the show’s culinary producer. She helped her brother, series creator Chris Storer, portray authentic restaurant  life, from the phrases used in the kitchen (“Behind!”) to the ingredients on the shelves. 

“San Marzano specifically are my favorite tomatoes in the whole wide world,” Storer said in a phone call with Salon. “I grew up in Chicago cooking with them and I remember discovering them from — it might have been like Lidia Bastianich’s show on Channel 11. She’s talking about San Marzano and I said, ‘Oh, wait, those are the ones to be using.'” 

When Storer eventually became a chef, she’d quickly replace the canned tomatoes in the kitchens in which she worked with San Marzanos.

“I was picking up all these recipes — like the classic Marcella Hazan tomato sauce recipe that I love — that required San Marzano tomatoes,” she said. “Eventually, I was like, ‘This is the secret ingredient.'”

“They’re just kind of brand-standard,” said Eric Rivera, a 2021 “Food and Wine Game Changer” and owner of Addo. “Maybe through marketing, or word of mouth, or just years of being around, that’s kind of the route peeps take when they seek out to make Italian-style tomato sauces.” 

“Maybe through marketing, or word of mouth, or just years of being around, that’s kind of the route peeps take when they seek out to make Italian-style tomato sauces.”

According to food writer and gardener Amanda Blum, that may be surprising to some food-lovers. As she put it, “every commercialized image we have of tomatoes — the ideal, is a slicer. A gigantic house of a tomato with [a] weirdly consistent red color, ready to be sliced.” 

Blum said that paste tomatoes, of which San Marzano’s are a prime variety, are different by design. 

“Instead of the juiciness that we prize a Berkeley Tie-Dye for, paste tomatoes maximize the flesh,” she said. “They grow elongated to a pointed tip. Yield is the name of the game with paste tomatoes, to make sauce, salsa and paste. But even in the realm of paste tomatoes, the San Marzano is prized among gardeners for the taste.” 

Prized enough that the name itself is associated with such culinary excellence that there is long-running controversy about what can and should be called a San Marzano tomato. Food writer Su Jit Lin explains that in Italy, San Marzano tomatoes grown in Valle de Sarno under certain specifications can be classified as Pomodoro San Marzano dell’Agro Sarnese-Nocerino and have the  “DOP” — or Protected Designation of Origin — emblem on the label. 

The DOP emblem is essentially a way for consumers to identify that a particular product comes from a special region, much like how people want to drink champagne that is actually from the Champagne region of France. 

“The U.S. doesn’t respect DOP nomenclature until the regions come after us — [for example] Kraft having to change their product to parmesan since it’s not Parmigiano,” Lin said. “San Marzano tomatoes are part of that story. Most of what we get in the U.S. is from New Jersey.” 

This is the case for the brand  most frequently seen in the kitchen of “The Bear.” The company that makes these cans — which are white with striking illustrations of long sauce tomatoes on the side — is called Simpson Imports and is actually based in the United States. They grow and can a San Marzano variety of tomato, which they have trademarked as “San Mericans.” 

It’s the convergence of Old-World Italian tradition and American marketing and ingenuity, all contained in a can

It’s the convergence of Old-World Italian tradition and American marketing and ingenuity, all contained in a can. It is also a nice nod to the cultural context surrounding “The Bear.” Like a huge swath of Chicago’s population, Carmy and his family are Italian-American (or wants to be Italian-American, like in the case of his cousin who is “Polish as f**k”). 

And Italian-American food was central to Carmy’s relationship with his brother, Mike. 

Each weekend, Mike would make his family braciole, a Sicilian dish in which thin slices of meat are rolled up with cheese and breadcrumbs before being pan-seared. After that, the rolls are finished in a rich, tomato sauce (sometimes called gravy or “Sunday sauce,” depending on where you live). Something else that Mike would make for his extended family — meaning his kitchen staff and even some of his customers — was his tomato-packed spaghetti, made with San Marzanos/San Mericans. 

Lin said this is a natural choice. 

“They’re known for being fantastic in sauce for the fact that they’re flavor-dense in a meaty but mild way with a natural lower acidity that lends itself to being simmered in sauce —important because tomatoes can get more acidic with prolonged cook time as the liquid in them reduces,” she said. “Also, these types of tomatoes, like any longer plum-shaped tomatoes, like Roma, will have fewer seeds.”

That said, Mike’s spaghetti was a dish that Carmy initially shunned when he stepped into The Original Beef kitchen, noting that spaghetti was a weird item for a sandwich shop to serve up in the evenings. However, he doesn’t ditch the San Marzano tomatoes that his brother had used to stock the kitchen; they’re good for other things, like braising Italian beef (a move employed by the real Chicago restaurant Tempesta) and short ribs. 

But Carmy is eventually led back to the dishes that remind him of his family. At one point early in the season, he puts a chicken piccata on the menu that is nearly identical to a dish made by his sister, Sugar (played by Abby Elliot). And eventually, he finds a note that his brother had left him before he died. 

It doesn’t say much. It’s written on a slip of paper about the size of a recipe card. On the front, it reads, “Let it rip,” a shorthand between the brothers for jumping feet-first into a new challenge. On the back, there’s a recipe for “family meal spaghetti,” featuring, you guessed it, two cans of those special tomatoes. 

Carmy breaks down and, in an emotional climax, he’s seen preparing his brother’s spaghetti. Slight spoiler: It’s a decision that’s more valuable than Carmy initially thought, and one that makes the viewer realize that those cans of tomatoes serve as a greater metaphor in the series. 

In addition to being a symbol for culinary excellence and Carmy’s Italian heritage, the stacks of San Marzanos are also symbolic of the way in which Mike is still all around Carmy, even though they had difficulty connecting in Mike’s final years. Seriously, everywhere Carmy looks in the kitchen, there is a can of those tomatoes that Mike left behind. 

There’s no word yet as to whether there will be a second season of “The Bear,” but if or when Carmy decides to take the family restaurant in a new direction, viewers are left pretty confident that Mike’s spaghetti will be a standby on the menu — and that San Marzanos will remain a kitchen staple there for years to come. 

“The Bear” is now streaming on Hulu.

Hungry after watching “The Bear”?

Here are our favorite Italian-American recipes

Cockroaches are evolving to prefer low-sugar diets. That could be bad news for humans

Apparently, humans aren’t the only animals going keto. The German cockroach (Blattella germanica), one of the most common pests in the world, is evolving to have a glucose-free diet. Unlike many humans, it’s not because they’re suddenly watching their figure; rather, German cockroaches have inadvertently outwitted human pest control tactics by evolving to dislike sugar, specifically glucose.  That could have huge implications for the population of cockroaches worldwide, which is of particular concern given their propensity to spread bacteria and disease.

The not-so-sweet insight emerged from new research coming out of North Carolina State University, where scientists study roach reproductive habits and evolutionary adaptations. There, Dr. Ayako Wada-Katsumata and a team of entomology researchers found evidence of significant changes involving sugar-averse German cockroaches and mating habits. 

According to Dr. Coby Schal, professor of Urban Entomology, Insect Behavior, Chemical Ecology, Insect Physiology and head of the eponymous Schal Lab at North Carolina State University, the team’s new research shows that cockroaches have begun to deviate significantly compared to previously observed roach-mating behavior. Female lab roaches, housed in North Carolina lab originating from a Florida-strain, included a significant population of glucose-averse roaches; glucose is a simple sugar that is intrinsic to the processes of plant and animal life.

Surprisingly, researchers found these roaches were unwilling to complete traditional roach mating behavior (accepting what the research study refers to as “nuptial gifts” or “nuptial feedings.”) Further, these glucose-adverse female roaches chose not to complete the mating process, meaning there wouldn’t be any reproduction.

Lest your heart leap for joy at the idea of a significant population drop among roaches, curb your enthusiasm: these male roaches eventually found a workaround. That’s the bad news.

This new behavioral trait among roaches throws a wrench in traditional pest management control techniques that use sweet poison.

The good news — well, good news for roaches, that is — is that researchers found male roaches ingeniously overcame female glucose aversion during mating time. Roach mating — and foreplay, if you can call it that — traditionally lasts for up to 90 minutes. Male roaches adapted to female roach glucose hesitancy (meaning dislike for sugar) and shortened their mating rituals down to minutes or even seconds, while successfully completing fertilization. (If you read that and feel tempted to anthropomorphize female roaches and their sexual satisfaction — just don’t.)

The studies showed the most successful mating pairs were males and females who were both glucose averse. The least successful mating pairs were females who were glucose averse roaches with wild-type or glucose-loving males. While there were short-term population dips among glucose-averse females and wild-type males mating pairs, other more successful matches, including male/female roaches that were both glucose averse. Ultimately, the entire roach population within the lab study stayed within normal predicted ranges, despite this population of sugar-eschewing insects. 

According to Dr. Schal, researchers are wondering if new behavioral traits like this could spread through different populations, making this mutation more prevalent. 

So why is this research important? For one thing, roaches are a prominent pest — they tend to spread through human settlements, and can spread disease and cause other health problems in humans. And it is possible that this mutation could increase the roach population.

The majority of roaches, experts believe, consistently like sweet food — meaning food with sugar in it, like glucose.

“One of the takeaways is that animals, including roaches, have adaptations that they evolve in terms of natural selection,” Dr. Schal said. He noted that the “German cockroach, a pernicious household pest, plays an important etiological role in allergic disease and asthma. It also serves as a mechanical vector of pathogens, including antibiotic-resistant microbes.”  

In other words, this new behavioral trait among roaches throws a wrench in traditional pest management control techniques that use sweet poison. Likewise, it’s obviously impossible for a lay person to know visually whether their local roach population is glucose-averse or not. 

The problem with roach bait

So what is glucose aversion exactly, and why does it matter? Well, roaches are omnivorous scavengers. They can go for days without eating, but generally do poorly without any kind of liquid or water. When hungry, roaches will eat anything — including hair, paper, books, building material and a wide range of decaying life forms (including other dead roaches). But the majority of roaches, experts believe, consistently like sweet food — meaning food with sugar in it, like glucose.

According to Dr. Schal, roaches typically dislike bitter-tasting food items and prefer sweet food items. Traditionally, roach pest management has tried to improve the taste of bitter-tasting poisonous bait by wrapping sweetening-agents around the roach poison. Turns out, roaches have been on to our game for a while. They know we’re trying to kill them, and they’ve raised the stakes and adapted and evolved. It is something any evolutionary biologist could have predicted, though it’s frightening that this research actually confirms it.

How did this evolutionary adaptation happen? Well, roaches who quickly eat the sugar-laced poisoned bait die quickly; consequently, the glucose-loving roaches saw their lives-and reproductive capabilities cut short. Previously-published North Carolina State University research found that roaches were more likely to survive if they were glucose averse, meaning they avoid sweetened bait. Naturally, these roaches became more prevalent compared with glucose-loving roaches, and their genes spread through the population. 

These glucose-averse roach offspring are normal in almost every way, said Dr. Schal, but future generations of roaches will carry this genetic mutation. And roach offspring will most likely be glucose averse as well, he said, as these genes are passed down from the parent roach to offspring. If a roach is glucose averse, he said, means glucose tastes bitter or unpleasant to roaches. But if glucose-averse roaches are in starvation mode, they may temporarily eat glucose to survive, Dr. Schal said.

Among urban roaches, it is currently unclear what the ratio is of glucose-averse to glucose-loving roaches — at least, as compared with other kinds of roaches, such as those raised in the lab. But if this trend is ongoing among urban roaches, the majority may become glucose-averse at some point in the future.

Roaches are already notorious survivalists

Before you spiral contemplating the rise of mutant roach populations conquering the world (or is that just me?), it’s important to note that no recent entomological research has shown any concrete evidence that roach populations will necessarily have wildly increased population numbers because of this, or because of anything else — at least, not any time soon. The fact is, we already know that roaches are pretty adaptable: they can survive about ten times as much radiation as humans, can live without their heads for a month, and can live off dead and decaying matter alone.

When it comes to roach population growth, it’s hard to say how many roaches there are in any given geographic area, said Dr. Phililp G. Koehler , University of Florida Professor Emeritus of Entomology and Nematology.

“Roaches are pretty much endemic,” he said.

Urban roaches have a  relatively short lifespan. A German cockroach’s lifespan is typically 8-10 months, said Dr. Schal. A female German cockroach can produce up to 320 roach offspring.  On the other hand, an American cockroach can live 1-2 years, he said. One American roach female roach is capable of producing an average of 240 roaches throughout its average lifetime.

Regardless of species variations, roach population numbers can thus increase dramatically if uncontrolled. And this doesn’t even take into account asexual roach reproduction, through which female roaches can continue to reproduce for years without a resident male.

According to Dr. Koehler, any building structure that is older and/or has structural problems will be more likely to have thousands of cockroach residents. “There are always more roaches hidden in the walls that you actually see,” he said.

Roaches can be found in every state in the country. There are a handful of roach species that have adapted to live around and inside human habitats, including the German cockroach, the Asian cockroach, the American cockroach and the Turkestan cockroach (Notably, the German cockroach is not actually from Germany, nor is the American cockroach originally from the U.S.) According to a U.S. Census Bureau 2021 survey, about 14 million households self-reported seeing roaches in their home over the last 12 months. The survey is mum on whether these households observed a single roach, or thousands.

According to Dr. Koehler, any building structure that is older and/or has structural problems will be more likely to have thousands of cockroach residents. “There are always more roaches hidden in the walls that you actually see,” he said. 

So while some may incorrectly assume that roach infestations are primarily a scourge among low-income or untidy households, the presence of urban roaches is an unfortunate fact of life for many, regardless of income or socio-economic status or household cleanliness. Increased reports of roach sightings in multiple states stem from the fact that sewer roaches or aquatic roaches may simply be looking for new living quarters. 

Roaches and disease

Most humans find roaches disgusting, but can they actually make you sick? Potentially. And what kinds of pathogens can you get? Experts believe that roaches have transmitted plague, typhoid, cholera and dysentery in the past. But they also spread modern diseases. Indeed, cockroaches are thought to carry bacteria that, if deposited on food or around humans, could potentially cause salmonella, staphylococcus, and streptococcus, which can result in serious stomach issues. (Fortuitously, COVID-19 is not one of these diseases; research experts like Dr. Schal affirmed that roaches cannot transmit SARS-CoV-2, the COVID virus, to humans.)

But throughout pandemic lockdowns — with people staying at home, working at home, and yes, eating at home more — roach infestations have followed. Why? Well, human habits, mostly. Roaches follow the food, Dr. Schal said.

Dr. Phililp Koehler says his academic interest in roach research started during his Naval military career as a Lieutenant, Medical Entomologist, in the U.S. Navy’s Medical Service Corps over 50 years ago. In those years, rampant roach infestations were common on both military and civilian ships. Many more leisure travelers traveled from point A to point B on a ship for extended periods, for both domestic and international travel, he said. This, Dr. Koehler noted, is most likely how different non-native roach species like the Asian cockroach ended up in unexpected regions in North America, including port cities in Florida. The Asian roach then spread to other states, a trend that he researched extensively decades ago. 

Returning to the implications of the North Carolina research study on glucose averse roaches, Dr. Schal says there are actually additional findings that might be published as soon as this year. “This study also represents the best understood case of behavioral resistance of pest species to pest control at the evolutionary, behavioral, and cellular level,” he added.  It is possible that this newly-emerged roach behavior could prophesy future roach adaptations. Furthermore, this research is important not only for pest-management knowledge, he said, “but also it could potentially have public health implications when it comes to disease transmission.”

Read more

on household insects and evolution

 

Trump wanted to “neutralize” presidential chain of succession at the Capitol on January 6: expert

Fascism expert Ruth Ben-Ghiat provided fascinating insight — and a terrifying prediction about future Republican Party violence — when she was interviewed by CNN’s Jim Acosta on Saturday.

On Tuesday, Trump White House aide Cassidy Hutchinson testified that on Jan. 6, Trump was “irate” when the Secret Service would not drive him to the Capitol and lunged for the steering wheel of his presidential limousine.

Acosta began that interview by noting that weeks before Hutchinson’s testimony, Ben-Ghiat had informed his audience that Trump had to go to the Capitol for the phase of a coup where the new order would be announced. Acosta described her analysis as “almost clairvoyant.”

“And we have since learned that Trump did try to go to the Capitol on Jan. 6, but his Secret Service stopped him,” Acosta said. “Ruth, what is your reaction to everything we learned this week, including this new CNN reporting that seems to back up what Cassidy Hutchison was saying?”

“I’m really disturbed, not surprised, about the role of violence,” the New York University professor replied.

“It was very telling to me that Trump said chief of staff Mark Meadows, who seems to have been like the control center of this operation, she said that when the violence broke out, he didn’t seem concerned at all, and he didn’t seem perturbed, and that’s because violence was part of the plan. It has to be in a coup,” she explained.

“That’s also why Trump wanted the, you know, weapons detectors removed, and so the other thing that stands out is that not only did he want to be driven there to the Capitol and be at the head of this, you know, violent thug march into the Capitol, but Ms. Hutchinson testified that there were conversations about him entering the chamber,” she continued. “And what that says to me is first, you know, you’ve neutralized the presidential chain of succession. They were going to do something to Pence, they were hunting Pelosi, Nancy Pelosi, speaker, and so he was going to also have fixed the problem with the electoral counts because Pence wasn’t there, and then he was going to declare himself at the head of this violent mob in the chamber as a legitimate president, and that’s where that phase of the coup would have ended.”

“It’s extraordinary what we’re learning from these hearings,” she said.

Acosta asked Ben-Ghiat to compare Trump to other leaders she has studied.

She said Trump, “and his party are behaving in a desperate way, and when autocrats think they’re going down, they will do anything — and we’ve seen Jan. 6 — to stay in power. What’s really extraordinary is how Trump, who came from outside politics, put the GOP in such a state of authoritarian subjection and discipline that the whole party is completely compromised. We’re learning from these hearings just how many people were involved,” she said.

“And unfortunately, I think we can expect more extremist behavior, aggressive behavior from the party because they are acting out of fear. They’re guilty, and their coup failed, and they’ve been exposed to the world by these hearings, and so they are — they’re in emergency mode,” Ben-Ghiat warned.

Watch the segment on YouTube.

 

The 50 best 3-hour-or-longer movies, according to Rotten Tomatoes

For some people, a 3-ish-hour runtime is an automatic mark against a movie — especially if they’re sitting in a theater with no chance to press “pause” for a bathroom break. For other people, an especially long runtime might help justify the time and money required for a movie theater excursion in the first place. And as CNN explains, it is the massive franchise spectacles and superhero films — the types of movies that do well at the box office — that seem to be trending longer these days. 

That said, lengthy flicks are nothing new. On Rotten Tomatoes’ list of best movies that run 3 hours or longer, 33 of the top 50 were released before the year 2000. The first-place finisher, Akira Kurosawa’s 207-minute epic “Seven Samurai,” premiered in 1954. Other classic epics that made the list include “Lawrence of Arabia” (1962), “Spartacus” (1960), “Ben-Hur” (1959), and “Gone With the Wind” (1939).

Kurosawa is far from the only internationally acclaimed director known for lengthy cuts. In third place is Ingmar Bergman’s 1982 period drama “Fanny and Alexander,” which clocks in at 188 minutes (and a 512-minute version aired as a miniseries in Sweden). Martin Scorsese, Francis Ford Coppola, Stanley Kubrick, and David Lean all have two films apiece in the top 50. 

The climaxes of a couple beloved movie franchises garnered enough critical praise to rank high as well — namely, 2019’s “Avengers: Endgame” and 2003’s “The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King.” And it wouldn’t be much of a list of long movies if “Titanic” wasn’t on it somewhere: The 1997 pop culture phenomenon came in 35th place.

See if your favorite flick made the top 50 below, and check out Rotten Tomatoes’ full 100 here.

  1. “Seven Samurai” (1954) // 100 percent
  2. “O.J.: Made in America” (2016) // 100 percent
  3. “Fanny and Alexander” (1982) // 100 percent
  4. “Schindler’s List” (1993) // 98 percent
  5. “The Leopard” (1963) // 98 percent
  6. “Children of Paradise” (1945) // 98 percent
  7. “The Godfather, Part II” (1974) // 96 percent
  8. “An Elephant Sitting Still” (2018) // 96 percent
  9. “The Right Stuff” (1983) // 96 percent
  10. “The Last of the Unjust” (2013) // 96 percent
  11. “The Irishman” (2019) // 95 percent
  12. “Lagaan: Once Upon a Time in India” (2001) // 95 percent
  13. “Short Cuts” (1993) // 95 percent
  14. “Hamlet” (1996) // 95 percent
  15. “Andrei Rublev” (1966) // 95 percent
  16. “Avengers: Endgame” (2019) // 94 percent
  17. “Lawrence of Arabia” (1962) // 94 percent
  18. “The Best of Youth” (2002) // 94 percent
  19. “The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King” (2003) // 93 percent
  20. “Apocalypse Now Redux” (1979) // 93 percent
  21. “Carlos” (2010) // 93 percent
  22. “Spartacus” (1960) // 93 percent
  23. “Norte, The End of History” (2013) // 93 percent
  24. “Kwaidan” (1964) // 91 percent
  25. “Eureka” (2000) // 91 percent
  26. “Gone With the Wind” (1939) // 90 percent
  27. “Reds” (1981) // 90 percent
  28. “Blue Is the Warmest Color” (2013) // 89 percent
  29. “The Deer Hunter” (1978) // 89 percent
  30. “The Last Emperor” (1987) // 89 percent
  31. “Malcolm X” (1992) // 89 percent
  32. “Barry Lyndon” (1975) // 88 percent
  33. “Giant” (1956) // 88 percent
  34. “Napoleon” (1927) // 88 percent
  35. “Titanic” (1997) // 87 percent
  36. “Winter Sleep” (2014) // 87 percent
  37. “Once Upon a Time in America” (1984) // 87 percent
  38. “Mysteries of Lisbon” (2010) // 86 percent
  39. “The Ten Commandments” (1956) // 86 percent
  40. “JFK” (1991) // 85 percent
  41. “Gandhi” (1982) // 85 percent
  42. “Ben-Hur” (1959) // 85 percent
  43. “King Kong” (2005) // 84 percent
  44. “Grindhouse” (2007) // 84 percent
  45. “Doctor Zhivago” (1965) // 84 percent
  46. “Magnolia” (1999) // 83 percent
  47. “Dances With Wolves” (1990) // 83 percent
  48. “Fiddler on the Roof” (1971) // 83 percent
  49. “The Wolf of Wall Street” (2013) // 79 percent
  50. “The Green Mile” (1999) // 79 percent

How Joe Biden is like America’s founding fathers — and no, I’m not kidding

Many years ago, a young man named Frank Bourgin, a graduate student in history at the University of Chicago, wrote a dissertation arguing that founding fathers like George Washington and Thomas Jefferson had taken economic positions that, by modern standards, were highly progressive. He hoped that thesis would lead to an illustrious  career as a historian — but his advisers, without much of an explanation, rejected his arguments. It wasn’t until many years later, when Bourgin was an old man and another historian discovered his work, that he was retroactively vindicated.

If Joe Biden’s presidency continues on its current track, he may be remembered as a policy visionary ahead of his time and ignored by his peers.

Far be it from me to imply that academics are just as inclined to stifle radical voices as everyone else in America with actual power. Fortunately for scholars of history, Bourgin’s dissertation was published in the now-classic monograph “The Great Challenge: The Myth of Laissez-Faire in the Early Republic,” meaning we can still benefit from our founding fathers’ lessons, as discovered and interpreted by Bourgin and his successors.

Let’s go from one unexpected lesson to another: If Joe Biden’s presidency continues on its current track, he’ll be remembered in a similar way — as a visionary, at least on certain domestic policy issues, who was largely ignored by his peers.

I’m not claiming that the founding fathers were ignored in some larger sense; if that were true, the United States would not exist today. But as much as we’d like to imagine that Americans always rallied behind the ideas of a complicated genius like Thomas Jefferson, author of the Declaration of Independence, it simply wasn’t so.

RELATED: History Channel’s engaging “Washington” miniseries shows his intolerance for Trump-like corruption

Some conservatives bravely try to claim Jefferson as one of their own, but he spent much of his presidency trying to use the powers of the brand new government to enrich the economic and intellectual lives of the American people. After creating a budget surplus, for instance, Jefferson proposed subsidies in scientific innovation, transportation infrastructure and public education. He even tried to enshrine the government’s ability to spend money on internal improvements and education into the Constitution, an idea meant to help define his second term as president. (That was the same year that he denounced the international slave trade as “a violation of human rights” — and yes, he was a big hypocrite on that issue.)

As Jefferson later explained in an 1811 letter to Pierre Samuel Du Pont de Nemours (while discussing policies that were being proposed by his successor, James Madison), “our revenues once liberated by the discharge of the public debt and its surplus applied to canals, roads, schools etc., and the farmer will see his government supported, his children educated, and the face of his country made a paradise by the contributions of the rich alone, without his being called on to spare a cent from his earnings. … The path we are now pursuing leads directly to this end which we cannot fail to attain unless our administration should fall into unwise hands.”

That didn’t happen, and it took many decades and many presidents before it became normalized for the federal government to spend money on developing the nation’s physical and human resources. Jefferson’s inability to realize his economic vision doesn’t detract from his overall legacy, but it certainly offers some perspective on how even revered statesmen can have important ideas that go nowhere.


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Bourgin goes into considerable detail about other founding fathers who had important policy ideas that were not heeded. Treasury Secretary Albert Gallatin (who served under both Jefferson and Madison) and President John Quincy Adams (who had previously served in various roles for America’s first five presidents) were avid proponents of federal spending on public improvements, and also supported government funding for the sciences — and both were disappointed when they tried to bring their ideas to life on a national scale.

Jefferson imagined a future in which “the farmer will see his government supported, his children educated, and the face of his country made a paradise by the contributions of the rich alone, without his being called on to spare a cent from his earnings.”

Even George Washington — who is venerated today but was fiercely opposed by many during his presidency — had his share of failures. When Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton published his Report on Manufacturers in 1791, he argued that the government should subsidize manufacturing and other forms of industry to make the U.S. economically competitive on a global scale. He also argued for tariffs on imported goods, and those were implemented while much of Hamilton’s more ambitious infrastructure subsidies were not. It took a Republican president many years later, Abraham Lincoln, to realize the gist of Hamilton’s vision, transformed into the “American System” proposed by Whig Party founder Henry Clay. (Lincoln was a former Whig, and his economic program favored the industrialized Northern states over the agricultural South, most of which was seceding from the Union at that moment.)

Let’s consider Joe Biden’s most conspicuous failures. From the start of his administration, he has pushed for an ambitious economic program: expanded access to health care, major investments in job creation, financial assistance to parents, accelerated development of green energy and other steps to address climate change. That last part is critically important at this juncture of our history, but because of two “moderate” Democratic senators with major corporate backing — Joe Manchin of West Virginia, and Kyrsten Sinema of Arizona — Biden’s climate policy, along with most of his ambitious agenda, has died on Capitol Hill. 

To this point, the political fates have cursed Joe Biden with the same bad luck that afflicted Washington, Jefferson, Hamilton and other founding fathers at their most ambitious but least effective — but without granting him anything close to their storied accomplishments or historical legacy. Is that just an ironic coincidence, a minor plot twist in the American story, or a telling symbol of the ultimate failure of the American experiment and the corruption of both our political parties? History will have to answer that question.

Read more from Matthew Rozsa on American history:

Texas is clamping down on Roe reversal

The conservative-dominated Texas Supreme Court late Friday allowed a nearly century-old abortion ban to take effect, blocking a lower court order that had temporarily allowed the state’s clinics to continue offering the procedure without the threat of legal retribution and financial penalties.

As the Texas Tribune reports, the 1925 law “made performing an abortion, by any method, punishable by two to 10 years in prison.” The Texas Supreme Court’s order Friday, which rolled back an injunction secured just days earlier by the ACLU, only allows for civil enforcement of the law as litigation continues. A hearing in the case is scheduled for July 12.

“The Texas Supreme Court blocked our injunction, allowing a total abortion ban originally passed in 1925 to be enforced,” the ACLU said late Friday. “This law has already forced countless people to carry pregnancies against their will. Abortion is our right—no matter what the courts say.”

In an advisory released after the U.S. Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade late last month, Texas’ Republican Attorney General Ken Paxton noted that the 1925 law was never reversed by the state’s legislature, even after the 1973 Roe decision rendered it unconstitutional.

“Under these pre-Roe statutes, abortion providers could be criminally liable for providing abortions,” wrote Paxton, who appealed to the Texas Supreme Court to revoke the Harris County judge’s order that blocked the 1925 law.

On Twitter, Paxton celebrated the Texas Supreme Court’s move Friday and declared that “our state’s pre-Roe statutes banning abortion in Texas are 100% good law.”

The 1925 ban is just one of several anti-abortion laws on the books in Texas.

In September, a law that bans abortions after six weeks of pregnancy and deputizes private citizens to enforce it took effect. And in the coming weeks, the state’s “trigger ban”—which outlaws abortion from the moment of fertilization—is set to become active thanks to the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization.

“These laws are confusing, unnecessary, and cruel,” said Marc Hearron, senior counsel at the Center for Reproductive Rights. “Texas’ trigger ban is not scheduled to take effect for another two months, if not longer. This law from nearly one hundred years ago is banning essential healthcare prematurely, despite clearly being long repealed.”

Julia Kaye, staff attorney with the ACLU’s Reproductive Freedom Project, warned Friday that “extremist politicians are on a crusade to force Texans into pregnancy and childbirth against their will, no matter how devastating the consequences.”

“We won’t stop fighting to ensure that as many people as possible, for as long as possible, can access the essential reproductive healthcare they need,” said Kaye.

The Supreme Court’s Dobbs ruling unleashed a flurry of legal activity as Republican-led states—often haphazardly—rushed to implement trigger bans and other dormant anti-abortion laws.

The ACLU, Planned Parenthood, and the Center for Reproductive Rights are among the organizations working through the courts to delay the enforcement of or completely block state-level abortion bans, which could have devastating health and economic impacts on pregnant people across the country.

Thus far, the groups have succeeded in temporarily halting abortion bans in several states, including UtahKentucky, and Louisiana. More than half of all U.S. states are expected to pursue total abortion bans in the wake of the Supreme Court’s decision.

“The effect of last week’s ruling has been swift and severe, with abortion services stopping immediately in many states,” said Nancy Northup, president and CEO of the Center for Reproductive Rights. “We are seeing the start of a public health crisis that will engulf the nation. But we knew this outcome was possible, and we have been preparing for this moment.”

“Our immediate priority is to preserve access in every state for as long as we can,” Northup added. “Every day and hour that a clinic can stay open is a victory for the patients in the waiting room. We have already seen abortion services restored in four states as a result of our collective legal efforts, and there will be more cases filed in the days to come. The clinics we represent are working non-stop to help as many patients as possible for as long as they can.”

Former Republican official says Trump has “the impulse control of a freaking toddler”

Appearing on MSNBC on Saturday afternoon, Kurt Bardella was asked about reports that Donald Trump is thinking about announcing another presidential run — possibly in days — that has Republicans worried he’ll mess up the midterms and create chaos among conservatives who are already looking past him for a new face for the party.

Speaking with host Alex Witt, Bardella — who served as a spokesperson for the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee when it was under Republican control — said Republicans brought this on themselves by defending the former president.

“There’s a new article today from the New York Times that says that Donald Trump is eyeing an early announcement amid the January sixth hearings,” host Witt began. “This is coming with one damaging revelation after another from the January sixth committee. What is your reaction from that? The timing … really? It would suggest that if he does that now that will hinder the success of Republicans in 2022.”

“We all know from past experiences that Donald Trump doesn’t care about anybody else but Donald Trump,” Bardella began. “We saw that with the Georgia special elections and how he behaved there, so it doesn’t surprise me that when faced with the criticism that has been mounting right now, following the January sixth hearings, that he’s thinking about pulling the trigger now.”

“And you know what, Donald?” he smirked. “He should, why not? Go out there and show everybody who you are and what you want to do and implode the Republican Party before November, I welcome that.”

“At the end of the day, he’s going to do whatever he wants, he’s shown that time and time again,” he continued. “This guy has the impulse control of a freaking toddler. Nobody should be surprised about that at all. I think that Republicans, yeah, this is the golem they created.”

“These guys wanted to divorce themselves from Donald Trump for the last five years, but they have lacked courage, the ability the guts to do it. And on the January sixth committee while on TV they cry as partisan and terrible and witchhunt, behind the scenes they are rooting for the January sixth committee. That last powerful hearing that we had, the surprise hearing this last week, nobody was more excited about that hearing than Republicans who want to dispense with Donald Trump.”

Watch below:

Ending a pregnancy in the last days of Roe

Four days before I was due to get my period, I knew I was pregnant and I knew something was wrong. I was having cramps on one side of my abdomen, and when I googled “early pregnancy cramps one side,” the words “ectopic pregnancy” appeared. I only had a vague and ominous idea of what that meant, but quickly learned it happens when a fertilized egg implants and grows outside the main cavity of the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube. If the fallopian tube ruptures, it can almost immediately cause life-threatening bleeding. By definition, ectopic pregnancies are never viable and never result in a baby.

On the day of my missed period, I took a pregnancy test that came back faintly positive. Unlike the positive pregnancy test that had resulted in my son, who was now a vibrant three-and-a-half-year-old well into his “why?” phase, this one didn’t spark excitement and iPhone photos of the test on my bathroom counter. I had badly wanted to be pregnant — my husband and I had always planned to have two kids — but I felt only dread, knowing something was off inside my body. In the middle of the night, I woke up to shoulder pain, one of the hallmarks of ectopic pregnancy. In a panic that I could be in imminent danger, I roused my husband and had him drive me to the emergency room. 

But this isn’t the story of a standard ectopic pregnancy, though I would read plenty of those on Twitter in the coming weeks. At the hospital, a urine test didn’t show I was pregnant, and a blood test showed my levels of hCG, the pregnancy hormone, in the in-between range: I might be pregnant, or I might not. A transvaginal ultrasound also didn’t show anything, though as the technician told me they wouldn’t expect to be able to see anything at only four weeks. Anti-abortion rhetoric claims life begins at conception, but there I was, at one of the best hospitals in the country, several weeks after what would have been conception, and nobody could even definitively say I was pregnant. 

Thus began weeks of waiting and seeing. I was sent home to follow up with my obstetrician in a few days for another blood test; this one showed my hCG levels increasing, which was a sign I was pregnant. Still, I needed to wait another couple weeks before we’d be able to see anything on an ultrasound. It could indeed be ectopic; it was just impossible to tell yet. I had to keep living in the gray area.

There I was, at one of the best hospitals in the country, several weeks after what would have been conception, and nobody could even definitively say I was pregnant.

In the meantime, life went on around me. Spring came, and my son gained the courage to go down the big slide at the playground. “Wow, buddy! I’m so proud of you!” I exclaimed as I enveloped him in a bear hug. But the pain in my abdomen was relentless, and I didn’t feel well enough to chase him down the sidewalk on his bike or go on walks to the library. It wasn’t the typical exhaustion and nausea I had felt the first trimester of my first pregnancy. It felt like something was wrong. 

Without discussing it, my husband and I began ensuring I wasn’t alone with our son for very long periods of time, just in case my fallopian tube burst. Our neighborhood was exploding with crabapple blossoms, and I often stayed home curled up on the couch while the two of them went to the playground with our friends. We hadn’t told anyone what we were going through, not even our closest friends and family. I thought we should wait until after the first trimester, as we had with our son, or at least until we knew more. But the ache of loneliness made me feel worse.

On one of the rare occasions when I walked my son to school alone, I gamed out what I would do if my body broke down during the 10-minute walk: How fast could my husband sprint from our house? Could I ring the bell at the fire station for help? Would my son run into traffic as I bled out? While my thoughts raced, he happily continued closing every garbage can lid we encountered. It was trash day, and the garbage truck had just come through, leaving the scattered cans wide open. I should have brought Purell to clean his hands, I thought absentmindedly, the mundane intruding on the life-or-death.

RELATED: Many states’ abortion bans have life-saving “exceptions.” Experts doubt they will work as intended

At night, I barely slept, waking up in a panic every few hours. I interrogated every minor ache and pain as potentially something that could kill me in minutes. The thought of my son growing up without a mother filled me with terror.

Then, the night before my ultrasound appointment, Politico publishedleaked draft Supreme Court opinion striking down Roe v. Wade. Like many others, I had known this decision was possible, even likely, but it was a gut punch to see it in writing, made real. I have always been pro-choice, but having my son had made me militantly so. I have seen firsthand how pregnancy and childbirth can be dangerous and terrifying, and I wish them on no one who didn’t choose them.

The thought of my son growing up without a mother filled me with terror.

I had only become more afraid of pregnancy in the years since my son had been born. Not that that pregnancy had been unusually scary. Toward the end, my blood pressure had been borderline high — a sign of preeclampsia, a dangerous pregnancy complication that can lead to seizures and strokes — and my OB had sent me to get it tested twice a week. My son arrived via unplanned C-section, and when I came out of surgery, a nurse told me my urine did indeed contain the level of protein that signals preeclampsia. “Well, good thing the baby’s out!” I said breezily. The nurse just stared at me, and then proceeded to religiously check my blood pressure every few hours until I left the hospital. In my ignorance, I didn’t know that I could have had a life-threatening hemorrhage well after delivery. But it all worked out. I went home, recovered quickly, became a mother. 

After my first go-round with pregnancy, a growing knowledge of the risks of pregnancy in general scared me. I learned that the maternal mortality rate in the U.S. was more than twice that of most other high-income countries, and that my generation was more likely to die in childbirth than my mother’s generation. Of the many friends I had who were mothers, only a few had an entirely uneventful pregnancy and delivery. Most had some near-miss, some complication that could have turned tragic. The kind of story that makes you shake your head and say, “Thank god everything is OK,” and then the conversation moves on before anyone can really contemplate the alternate ending.

Given everything that could and did go wrong, I knew how important it was to have the right to make whatever decision I wanted about my own pregnancy — whether to avoid it altogether (as I had done throughout my 20s and early 30s), to end it if I needed to, to access fertility treatments if I needed them. I wasn’t immediately worried about my reproductive rights where I lived in Massachusetts, bastion of liberalism, but I did worry about women in Texas and Oklahoma and Mississippi. Even in Massachusetts, losing those rights certainly wasn’t out of the question. The same day the Roe decision leaked, the Washington Post reported that Republicans planned to enact a national abortion ban as soon as they got a chance. Here in my bastion of liberalism, approaching the end of my child-bearing years, I still desperately needed the freedom to make decisions about my own body.  

RELATED: Pregnant people are scrambling to reschedule abortions cancelled in trigger law states

When my husband and I finally went for the ultrasound, it showed a floating black oval, which the technician measured on the screen. “It’s so small,” she murmured. “What are you, four or five weeks along?” “Six,” I said clearly and maybe too loudly. She seemed doubtful. I didn’t take it as a good sign.

Later, the nurse gently told me they still couldn’t rule out ectopic pregnancy. She scheduled me for another transvaginal ultrasound the following week. How many times can a woman have a wand stuck up her vagina in the course of a month? I wondered. Still, I was willing to do whatever it took to figure this out. Sitting in the car with my husband, I sobbed. I didn’t know how much longer I could go on this way: feeling like crap, fearing for my life every second, vacillating between hope and not-hope.

I diligently tried not to think of the future, but it was hard. I typed the date of my last period into a website and found that if this pregnancy did result in a baby, it would be born just before Christmas. A Christmas baby, with maternity leave during the coldest months of the year — not bad, I thought. I looked around my son’s room as I put him to bed at night and thought about how I’d rearrange the furniture to fit a new baby. Then I’d give myself a proverbial slap across the face and snap out of my reverie. Allowing myself to hope was only going to end in heartache. I had to stay in the gray area.

At our next ultrasound, the image on the screen hadn’t changed: still a black void where there should be something pulsating by now. The tech was silent. Again, I sobbed uncontrollably in the car as my husband held me. My OB called to confirm: the pregnancy was not progressing, and it was not going to progress. It might be ectopic or it might not, they still couldn’t tell, but it would never turn into a Christmas baby. We could wait for what could potentially be weeks for a miscarriage, induce one via medication or have a D&C, a surgical procedure to empty the contents of my uterus. Both latter options are abortion procedures, though she never used that word. I cried on the phone with her, but almost as soon as we hung up, I felt a rush of relief. Finally, I didn’t have to wait and see anymore. Finally, I could stop being afraid all the time and feel like myself again.

I lived in between that pregnancy being viable and nonviable, peering at an ultrasound machine and begging it to see what couldn’t be seen in the depths of my body.

That afternoon, Senate Democrats failed to advance legislation to guarantee abortion rights nationwide. It had been a largely symbolic effort; they were well short of the 60 votes they needed to move the bill forward. But it was not symbolic to me. I had decided to go ahead with ending my pregnancy via medication, and I had to fill the prescription for misoprostol that afternoon. In Massachusetts, this was as easy as filling a prescription for amoxicillin for my son’s ear infections. But what would have happened if I lived in another part of the country? Would I be able to access abortion pills for a maybe-ectopic pregnancy that was seven and a half weeks along? The thought that I might not made me sick to my stomach. 

In our arrogance as human beings, we think we can divide the world into the categories we’ve created: life and non-life, viable and nonviable. (See also: male and female, gay and straight, love cilantro and hate cilantro.) But our biology is often more complicated than that. There was a time when I lived in between being pregnant and not pregnant; the difference was a hormone number on a blood test. I lived in between that pregnancy being viable and nonviable, peering at an ultrasound machine and begging it to see what couldn’t be seen in the depths of my body. Modern medicine can do amazing things, but its limits are humbling. The mysterious workings of the human body will always defy categorization on some level. We’d do best to admit our shortcomings and recognize that we should not — we must not — impose laws and regulations on something of which we understand so little.

Mine isn’t a particularly dramatic or unusual story. I ended a pregnancy because I needed to. I was sad and also relieved. I went back to taking my son to the playground and chasing him down the sidewalk while he rides his bike and going on adventures with him around the city. I know how lucky I am to have him — a shockingly gorgeous kid who literally jumps up and down when he gets excited and has taken to snorting uproariously when he laughs. I want to have another baby, but my top priority is being around to be his mother. There is no gray area there.


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Read more personal essays on pregnancy and abortion:

Homemade ice cream courtesy of Grandma Bah, a wild child-turned-wild woman with taste

In order to give you my Grandma Bah’s recipe for homemade ice cream, I must introduce you to her. She was a legend in our family. A bigger than life, powerhouse of a woman, my own mother’s favorite person who ever lived……the incomparable, Willie Felt. 

Her ice cream was just one of the things she made that many considered the best in her small town of Sharkey, Mississippi. My mother made this ice cream for me, and I love the long history it has had in my family. Now that electric ice cream makers are readily available, there is no reason in the world not to make it. It is leagues better than anything you’ll ever buy from the store, and I believe it’s better than any homemade ice cream you may have made in the past. But…I need to tell you more about my Grandma Bah because there is a chance that just knowing about her will make this ice cream even better.   

She was born Willie Felt Hicks. When she was 18, she married a Furr, so she became Willie Felt Furr. Willie…Felt…Furr. I couldn’t believe that was her real name when I was little. As I got older and listened to all my family’s “Grandma Bah stories,” her name seemed much more fitting to me. She was such a character she needed an unconventional name.

The stories about her are countless, and my mother and grandmother told me many of them. Through their stories I understood her wildness was there all along. She went from a wild child to a wild woman. From her parenting to her cooking to what she chose to do on any given day, every story I heard was an example of her as an outlandish, utterly willful, unorthodox, passionate woman. She was one of a kind. 

The most scandalous of all was the story of how she came to be married the second time. The “Second Marriage” story began with her answering an ad in  the back of a magazine. It was 1944, she was forty years-old, still living in Sharkey, the same small town in the Mississippi Delta where she had lived her entire life, and the husband she had loved for over twenty years had very recently died, a beloved man everyone knew to be a devoted husband and adoring father. She corresponded and exchanged photographs with the man whose ad she answered, and within a year’s time, they agreed to meet in Michigan, marry, and move to Colorado. She left Willie Felt Furr behind (along with my then twenty-one year old grandmother and three year-old mother, who both depended on her very much) to become Willie Felt Ewing. This second marriage, like her first, lasted until her husband’s death nearly twenty years later. 

Bah’s homemade ice cream (Bibi Hutchings )When I was born, Grandma Bah was around sixty-five and had remained in the Colorado mountains, which seemed very exotic to  my sister and me. Our mother told us of how she traded things she had or made, like stained glass lamps and turquoise jewelry, for what she needed. We imagined her in some cabin up on a remote mountaintop with a soldering iron, cooking on a wood fired stove. Living over 1500 miles away from her, we didn’t see her often, but when we did, she was drenched in handmade turquoise jewelry. Her skin was dark brown from the sun, and she always had a cigarette between her fingers. Her dark brown, almost black, eyes sparkled.


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She peppered her sentences with mild curse words that she used mostly for emphasis. My sister and I loved it. She was the only grown-up we knew who talked like she did, and she smoked! We were equal parts shocked by her and smitten with her. 

She was one of the most charming people imaginable. People were drawn to her. She never met a stranger and always managed to get special treatment wherever she went, even in airports where it was impossible to get her through a metal detector without setting it off. Her rings, at least one on every finger, could not be removed thanks to years of wearing them, and her heavy turquoise earrings, necklaces and bracelets were like armor covering the rest of her.

She was known for her cooking and always having plenty to share, but despite it being delicious, the story goes that you might not have always wanted to know exactly what you were eating. Living in the country, she cooked everything, including what she might go out and shoot herself—coons, squirrels or who knows what. She caught or shot, dressed and cooked whatever she decided would be good. She really was something else. 

My mother remembers this ice cream from when she was a very small child. She remembers the sweltering heat of the Delta and the waiting. The waiting on it to be ready felt like forever as the adults took turns churning it. I love that I have similar memories of making this ice cream on a hot summer day with my mom and dad when I was little while running through a sprinkler in the yard.

If you happen to have kids around, making ice cream should be on your list. Getting little ones involved in the process is a great way to create lasting memories for them and for you. Seeing the liquid ingredients transform into a luscious, creamy, incredible tasting dessert is like a magic trick. Their curiosity about how things work and where things come from creates moments of sharing and connecting without even trying. And let’s face it, ice cream is just a big bowl of happiness on a hot summer day, so sharing and connecting or not, it’s still a win!  

It is the perfect hot weather treat even if you need to alter the dairy milk for those who can’t tolerate it or who choose to avoid it. This recipe will still be the one you’ll prize over all the rest. If you want to make it the way Grandma Bah and my mother loved it best, add either fresh, peak-of-the-season peaches or toasted, buttered, salted pecans.     

This recipe reminds me of being with my mother, happy and excited, laughing and sharing her memories of Grandma Bah with me throughout my life. In her 80’s now, just talking about this ice cream takes my mother back to “her Bah” and how much they adored each other. I know you will love it and come to treasure it as we have for generations.    

Grandma Bah’s classic ice cream
Yields
3-4 pints
Prep Time
10 minutes, plus time in ice cream machine
Cook Time
0 hours minutes

Ingredients

3 or 4 eggs 

1 cup of sugar 

1 can of condensed milk

1 ½ teaspoons of vanilla 

6 cups of milk 

2 cups of ice cream salt 

Directions

  1. Whip eggs, sugar and condensed milk. Continue beating and add milk and vanilla. 
  2. Add this mixture to your ice cream maker. Follow your machine’s instructions for adding the ice and ice cream salt, then operate as directed until the ice cream is ready to serve. 
Grandma Bah’s quick ice cream
Yields
1pint
Prep Time
5 minutes
Cook Time
20  minutes, plus freezing

Ingredients

30 marshmallows

1 cup of milk 

1 cup of evaporated milk 

1 teaspoon of vanilla 

Optional: 1 cup of fresh, chopped fruit or 1 cup of salted, toasted, buttered pecans 

Directions

  1. Heat 1 cup of milk in a double boiler over boiling water. 
  2. Add marshmallows to the milk and stir until melted.
  3. Either by hand or using an electric mixer, beat 1 cup of evaporated milk and 1 teaspoon of vanilla until stiff. 
  4. Take the marshmallow mixture off the heat and gently fold in the evaporated milk mixture. If you are adding fruit or pecans, add those at this time.
  5. Place the mixture in a plastic or metal ice cream tray, and allow it to freeze until completely solid. 

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Aunt Audrey’s cobbler is the ultimate throw-it-together summer dessert

So, look, we can all agree: the outside temperature is unacceptable. In my beloved home state of Kentucky, we are still on a power grid fueled by coal, so keeping the house in a habitable zone throughout the season costs about the same as a second-hand Rolex.* 

Leaving aside any scheduling issues, personal preferences, or pandemic-era ingredient availability, my motivation to dash out for dry goods when someone calls an audible and demands a same-day potluck dessert hovers somewhere around zero. I also have what we might call a reputation for being kind of a lot, so I can’t just roll up to the barbecue with a melty half gallon of Kirkland Signature vanilla ice cream. This, my friends, is when I make Aunt Audrey’s cobbler

Related: Zhoosh up your summer ice cream game like a pastry chef

Aunt Audrey was my mom’s mom’s dad’s sister, and she was just lovely, a totally self-sufficient broad, though she would probably have preferred “dame” or maybe even “gentlewoman.” Sometime in her late nineties, she came home from a doctor’s appointment, realized she had locked herself out, and — instead of calling her neighbor for a spare key — wrapped her elbow in her scarf, broke a basement window, and slithered her nonagenarian body through. That, my friends, is moxie. 

This can-do attitude extended very much to her housekeeping philosophy and is nowhere better exemplified than in her cobbler recipe. I have the notecard (yellowed, juice-flecked) somewhere, but I have also committed it to memory because it is 1. Malleable and 2. Simple. The beauty of Aunt Audrey’s cobbler is you pretty much always have everything on hand. It can be made gluten-free or vegan without a second thought. Seasonal produce? Great. Only got canned peaches on hand? No problem. Trying to use up something right before it goes bad? You’re in the right place. Trying to show off the spices you brought back from when you studied abroad in Krakow? Toss that right in. Want to put it on the grill because the mere notion of turning on the oven makes your head swim? It’s a little more advanced, but yeah, totally doable.** It’s good hot. It’s good cold. Portioning it requires zero forethought. It’s great year-round, but it’s truly the perfect summer dessert. 

The proportions are well and truly the only thing that matter here. In the recipe below, I’ll walk you through the canonical Audrey version which features just peaches and some very basic pantry staples, but understand this: the only limitations are your imagination and your tolerance for failure, which in this case is just mediocre cobbler. 

The base of this is a 1:1:1 ratio of ingredients. You can trade out the flour for a whole wheat flour or a gluten-free option (brown rice flour, for example, makes it crispier, and if gluten isn’t the issue, is cool to mix in for crispness reasons). Milk is wide open! If you’re using dairy, I always opt for whole, but again: it’s fine to use soy, 2%, whatever. All sugars are equally valid in the eyes of Aunt Audrey, though I would caution against doing brown sugar or a liquid sugar like molasses for all of it, just because it gets sticky. It’s fine to swap a little bit, though, no question. I am a butter partisan, but you can try out whatever vegan option you like, or do a mix if you’re short (I did coconut oil and a half stick of butter in a pinch recently and DAMN). 

Flavoring and filling is also a free-for-all. Any fruit will work, and I love to use this as an opportunity to clean out the crisper. A mix of stone fruit and berries is wonderful, if you need more guidance than “just do it.” Trade the vanilla for a dash of rum, rye, or bourbon. Try almond extract instead. Grate some fresh nutmeg or ginger on top. Toss a dash of cinnamon in with the salt. The sky doesn’t even begin to describe the limit. You really and truly cannot mess this up. 

*A banged up one, not a nice one, and from an estate sale where you’re rolling the dice a little, not an authorized dealer, but STILL it is just highway robbery in addition to, you know, a climate and public health crisis

** Follow the below recipe, but you’ll have to do it on feel. I know not everyone feels comfortable doing this, but if you’re good at grilling and willing to keep a watchful eye, it works great!

Aunt Audrey’s cobbler 
Yields
6-10 servings
Prep Time
5 minutes
Cook Time
30-45 minutes

Ingredients

8 tablespoons unsalted butter 

1 cup flour

1 cup sugar

¼ teaspoon of salt

1 cup milk 

1 teaspoon vanilla extract

5-6 ripe peaches, chopped (this is about three cups of fruit)




 

 

Directions

  1. Get out a ten-inch cast iron skillet. Put the butter directly into it.
  2. Pre-heat the oven to 350. As soon as you’ve turned on the oven, put the skillet with the butter in it. This browns the butter, making you seem extremely fancy.
  3. In a large bowl, mix the flour, sugar, and salt until well incorporated. Whisk in the milk a little at a time, then add the vanilla. You want the mixture to be smooth, but no need to obsess. By now, the oven is likely preheated. Pull out the skillet and tilt it so the now-browned butter hits every crevice, then pour in the batter. Use a knife or spatula to make it somewhat even, but don’t feel the need to obsess over a perfectly smooth, perfectly flat surface. The liquid butter will likely push up on the sides; don’t incorporate it. It will take care of itself. This is part of the cobbler magic.
  4. Drop the fruit in evenly and return it to the oven.
  5. This bakes for about 30-45 minutes, depending on your oven and what adjustments you made to the recipe. It’ll be bubbly and golden-brown. Let it rest for fifteen minutes before serving, though it’s good piping hot, room temperature, or fridge-cold. Top with ice cream or whipped cream if you like. 



     

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12 summery 4th of July cocktails

We’ve all been there—it’s the 4th of July and you’re out in the sweltering heat in a full-body state of sticky. All you want is the first sip of a cold cocktail and a blast of A.C. While you probably have a cooler filled with cans of beer and hard seltzer at your July 4th festivities, sometimes an easy, but ever-so-slightly-put-together cocktail makes the holiday feel a little fancier.

In between sips of margaritas and micheladas, swap in a big glass of ice water or sip on a lower-ABV drink. Read on for 12 delicious and firework-worthy cocktails to sip all-day this 4th of July.

1. The Desert Bird

“This recipe is from the Esquire Tavern in San Antonio, home of Texas’s longest bar counter (it’s over 100-feet long!), with some tweaks” writes recipe developer Nikkitha Bakshani. A mix of agave-based spirit, pineapple, and campari gives all the July 4th vibes.

2. Pickled Michelada

From Memorial Day through the 4th of July, you’ll most likely see me with a Michelada in hand anytime after 5pm (or, more likely, 3pm). The only thing I love more than a spicy and tangy Michelada is a pickle, so this cocktail is my dream pairing. Salty, sour, and spicy, it’s the perfect combination for a sweltering 4th of July day.

3. Hibiscus Margarita

Vibrant hibiscus meets citrus and tequila in this stunning cocktail. Bringing the ‘red’ in red, white, and blue, this showstopping margarita is as delicious as it is eye-catching.

4. Cucumber-Fennel Fizz

Herby, a little earthy, and plenty fresh, this spa-water-meets-cocktail-hour cucumber and fennel flavored fizz is exactly what I want in the dog days of summer.

5. Best-Ever Piña Colada

Made with fresh pineapple and coconut milk in lieu of Coco Lopez, this frozen take on the classic cocktail can be scaled up for a crowd and stored in the freezer—no watery Piña Coladas at this BBQ!

6. A Very Good Bloody Mary

My July 4th festivities tend to be an all-day affair. This easy-to-make rendition by cookbook author and former Food52-er Ali Slagle is exactly how I want to start my holiday. Don’t forget to garnish your Bloody Mary with pickles, celery, or even a few cocktail shrimp—may your drink double as a snack.

7. Rosemary-Grapefruit Margarita

The addition of rosemary makes this grapefruit-driven margarita feel a little fancier. Plop me pool-side and place one of these in my hand, please and thank you.

8. Frozen Watermelon Five-Spice Daiquiri

“It’s what I drink when it’s still too hot to breathe in the evening,” writes recipe developer and Food52 community member hardlikearmour. This blended watermelon daiquiri gets a hit of Chinese five-spice, a spice blend of warming spices like cinnamon, clove, and star anise.

9. Beet Tonic Spritz

Beet juice, honey, and lemon get topped with a splash of ginger beer and tonic water for this ultra-refreshing, no-ABV cocktail alternative. Sip this during your all-day summer BBQ or swap it out between cocktails.

10. Negroni Spagliato

Swapping prosecco for gin in the classic Negroni ingredients makes this a Spagliato. It’s a spritz-y take on the night-cap ready cocktail. Sip this lower-ABV alternative and transport yourself to Italy on the 4th of July.

11. Blackberry Ginger Ale Mojito

Muddled mint, blackberries, and fresh ginger gives this Mojito a fruit-forward twist. If you can’t find blackberries, sub them out for any other kind of peak-season berry.

12. Gin Spritz

“It’s deliciously refreshing–awesome for drinking outside,” says Food52 Resident and baking extraordinaire Erin Jeanne McDowell. Sounds like the 4th of July to me.

Is Chris Pratt really The Worst Chris, or are we penalizing his averageness?

For a movie star whose signature look may be best described as Above Average Midwestern, Chris Pratt engenders a unique type of passion at the mention of his name. It isn’t pure hatred or absolute adulation but a very strong “meh.” Call it an uncomfortable tepid, if there is such a concept.

It’s doubtful this vague feeling will hold back “The Terminal List,” the new Prime Video series he executive produces and stars in as a Navy SEAL on a revenge mission. The platform suits him, for one thing; the Jack Carr adaptation streams on the same service where “Jack Ryan” and “Reacher” found their audiences, as has Pratt previously in 2021’s “The Tomorrow War.”

That pandemic-era release occupies a station in the heart and memory similar to Pratt’s these days, which is to say a lot of people watched it despite its wan reviews, this writer included.

In a hypothetical competition with Chrises Pine, Evans, and Hemsworth, Pratt perennially scores the lowest. But his designation isn’t fourth place. It’s “The Worst Chris.”  

“The Tomorrow War” also stood astride two versions of the guy: the comical goof who won over audiences as Andy Dwyer in “Parks and Recreation” and the tormented hero he’s taking out for a test run in his new show.

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“The Terminal List” introduces Lieutenant Commander James Reece to Pratt’s repertoire, an anguished warrior returning home from a mission that turned deadly, only to have his life spin out from under him.

And Pratt looks the part of a battle-hardened veteran, all shaggy beard, drawn cheeks, and muscle. If nothing else one can appreciate the physical exertion and dedication it must have taken to carve himself into a plausible version of an elite soldier.

The Terminal ListThe Terminal List (Amazon Studios)Even if that’s most of what matters to people, however, it’s still a grim slog that launches Reece’s campaign of violence with a classic fridging and the constant reminder of Pratt’s limited acting ability. This is especially evident in the scenes he shares with Taylor Kitsch, whose excellence at conveying a shaggy weariness draws attention to the effort Pratt makes to match it whether in quiet scenes or loud.

Or maybe I’m enacting an invisible penalty on Pratt for . . . reasons. (I’m not. I swear.)

“I feel like one of the key aspects to the dislikability of Chris Pratt is the very obvious efforts by a PR team to engineer a sense of effortless casual charm that hasn’t been there for a long time,” Twitter user Russell Lattshaw observed in a post that went viral.

Pratt is aware his chemistry read with a significant segment of the public is off, a fact of which we’re reminded each time the infamous Contest of the Chrises resurfaces. You know this meme, right? In a hypothetical competition with Chrises Pine, Evans, and Hemsworth, Pratt perennially scores the lowest. But his designation isn’t fourth place. It’s “The Worst Chris.”  

“A performer’s religious affiliation isn’t a turn-off for most people.”

If he isn’t haunted by that, a detractor might cite the dim memory of the speech he gave upon accepting a Generation Award at the 2018 MTV Movie & TV Awards, particularly this: “God is real. God loves you. God wants the best for you. Believe that. I do.”

That line eclipses every other innocuous nicety in the same speech, including “Breathe. If you don’t, you’ll suffocate,” and “Don’t be a turd. If you’re strong, be a protector. And if you’re smart, be a humble influencer. Strength and intelligence can be weapons, and do not wield them against the weak. That makes you a bully. Be bigger than that.”

This explains this insistence in the recently published Men’s Health profile to which Lattshaw refers, topped by the pull quote contradicting years’ worth of social media evidence: he is not all about religion.

A performer’s religious affiliation isn’t a turn-off for most people. Stephen Colbert’s openness about his Catholic faith hasn’t impacted his fandom in the way it has Pratt. Then again, Colbert never made headlines for being part of a faith community whose pastor has publicly taken an anti-gay stance.

“Religion has been oppressive as f**k for a long time,” he tells Men’s Health, adding, “I didn’t know that I would kind of become the face of religion when really I’m not a religious person.”

He explains he was never a member of Hillsong, the charismatic Christian megachurch known for its anti-LGBTQ stance whose founder is accused of covering up multiple allegations of sexual abuse. Instead, he claims Zoe Church as his home congregation, another church whose founder is attached to a 2017 film equating homosexuality with “sexual brokenness.”

“I think there’s a distinction between being religious — adhering to the customs created by man, oftentimes appropriating the awe reserved for who I believe is a very real God — and using it to control people, to take money from people, to abuse children, to steal land, to justify hatred,” Pratt explains to the magazine.

He doesn’t adequately explain why he didn’t disavow Hillsong sooner, particularly when Elliot Page called out its homophobia (“I’m gonna, like, throw a church under the bus?” he says), bringing us back to the hamfisted PR of it all. Still, even if that’s the case, the effort is understandable. Since he’s on the verge of bringing his time with “The Guardians of the Galaxy” and “Jurassic World” franchises to a close, he may want to win back people he may have lost.

Jurassic World: DominionDr. Ian Malcolm (Jeff Goldblum), Dr. Alan Grant (Sam Neill), Dr. Ellie Sattler (Laura Dern), Claire Dearing (Bryce Dallas Howard), Owen Grady (Chris Pratt), Maisie Lockwood (Isabella Sermon) and Kayla Watts (DeWanda Wise) in “Jurassic World: Dominion” (Universal Pictures / Amblin Entertainment)The writer charitably sums up these contradictions between thought and reality with, “So yeah, Pratt’s relationship with organized religion is maybe a work in progress.”


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Between this, and a general resentment of Pratt’s choice to ditch his approachable Andy goofiness for brawny swagger, placing more distance, perhaps, between some unrealistic impression that he’s more like us than the son-in-law of Arnold Schwarzenegger, it’s going to be a while before Pratt shakes off that “Worst Chris” pageant sash.  

None of that hurt Pratt’s ability to open a movie or earn more seasons of his show. He still radiates enough likability to justify two last visits with “Guardians of the Galaxy,” starting with Star-Lord’s appearance in “Thor: Love and Thunder,” which opens July 8.

Some people still hold him responsible for the breakup of his marriage to Anna Faris – which, honestly, is neither fair nor any of our business, considering she’s also been very public about their friendship following the finalization of their 2018 divorce.

Publicly he may have lived up to some of his own expectations (to our knowledge, he hasn’t been a bully) while falling short of others – “If you’re strong, be a protector” – when people like Page have called him to. All of this makes it strange to contemplate Pratt as a case of a man begrudged yet still watched for the same reason: his averageness. 

“The Terminal List” is currently streaming on Prime Video.

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